![Sustainability…………………
The triple bottom line “Refers to the long term
maintenance of systems according to environmental,
economic and social considerations” (Crane & Matten (2010)
Business Ethics p.34)
“Sustainable development meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs” (Brundtland (1987)
Ecosystems sustain societies that create economies. It
does not work the other way round. WWF (2014, p. 5
[Online])](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sustainabilitylectureintroduction-150112070840-conversion-gate01/85/Sustainability-lecture-introduction-2-320.jpg)
![References
Aguinis, H. & Glavas, A. (2013) Embedded Versus Peripheral Corporate Social Responsibility:
Psychological Foundations, Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 6 (4), 314–332.
Crane, A. & Matten, D. (2010) Business Ethics (3rd
ed), Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Milne, M.J. & Gray, R. (2013) W(h)ither Ecology? The Triple Bottom Line, the Global Reporting
Initiative, and Corporate Sustainability Reporting, Journal of Business Ethics, 118, (1), 13-29
Mount, F. (2012) The New Few or A Very British Oligarchy – Power and Inequality in Britain Now,
London: Simon & Schuster
Richardson, I.N., Kakabadse, A. P.& Kakabadse, N. K. (2011) Bilderberg People – Elite power and
consensus in world affairs, Abingdon: Routledge
Scherer, A. G. & Palazzo, G. (2011) The New Political Role of Business in a Globalized World: A Review
of a New Perspective on CSR and its Implications for the Firm, Governance, and Democracy, Journal
of Management Studies 48:4, 899-931
United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development (1987) Our Common Future
[Online], Available at: http://conspect.nl/pdf/Our_Common_Future-Brundtland_Report_1987.pdf
[Accessed: 10.10.14]
Visser, W. (2011) The Age of Responsibility: CSR 2:0 and the New DNA of Business, Chichester:
John Wiley & Sons.
WWF (2014) Living Planet Report [Online], Available from:
http://www.wwf.org.uk/about_wwf/other_publications/living_planet_report_2014/#.VEgaQBbthu
A [Accessed: 13.10.14]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/sustainabilitylectureintroduction-150112070840-conversion-gate01/85/Sustainability-lecture-introduction-15-320.jpg)
Sustainability lecture introduction
- 1. Sustainability “Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s need, but not every man’s greed.” -Mahatma Gandhi (1947) Video: World business council for sustainable development
- 2. Sustainability………………… The triple bottom line “Refers to the long term maintenance of systems according to environmental, economic and social considerations” (Crane & Matten (2010) Business Ethics p.34) “Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (Brundtland (1987) Ecosystems sustain societies that create economies. It does not work the other way round. WWF (2014, p. 5 [Online])
- 3. The Perfect Storm Population Growth Climate Change Peak oil
- 4. 1. Population Growth Website: http://www.howmany.org/big_picture.php
- 5. 1. Population Growth the world will have to produce more food in the next 50 years than we have in the thousands of years since civilization began and will have a tough time keeping up http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/world-hunger-50-years-food- history/story?id=8736358 “The massive growth in the human population through the 20th century has had more impact on biodiversity than any other single factor.” –Sir David King, science advisor to the UK government. http://rewilding.org/rewildit/our-programs/population- growth/#sthash.4AKazAR3.dpuf
- 6. 2. Climate Change Drought & Water shortages Food shortages Floods Tornados and extreme weather Loss of land Fires Desertification Ice caps melting Loss of biodiversity Watch climate change over 63 years See amazing images here Species populations have declined 52% since 1970 – Living Planet Report, 2014
- 7. 3. Peak Oil Peak oil ‘relates to the maximum rate at which we can extract oil - which, in turn, relates to ease of access and rates of extraction at the wells.’ ( http://peakoiltaskforce.net/risks/) The industry needs a price of $85 a barrel to justify the expenses, but anything over $100 risks triggering economic recessions, as we have seen.
- 8. How Many Planets Do We Need? In 2014, Earth Overshoot Day—the approximate date our resource consumption for a given year exceeds the planet’s ability to replenish—fell on August 19. We then go into ecological overshoot and make up the deficit by drawing down local resource stocks and accumulating more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere ( www.footprintnetwork.org) Video explaining ecological overshoot http://www.pwc.com/gx/en/governance-risk-compliance-consulting-services/resil
- 9. The Challenge & 2 Scenarios Climate Change Peak Oil COMPANIES GOVERNMENTS INDIVIDUALS Population Growth Plentiful food, energy, resources Fair distribution Human development Poverty War & Instability Disease Oppression Stagnation INPUTSINPUTS Or….Or…. NGOs NFPs ActionsActions OUTPUTSOUTPUTS
- 10. The Power of Business Bilderberg & Davos Transatlantic Trade Investment Partnership & Trans Pacific Partnership – enabling companies to sue governments if they pass laws that affect profits and trade e.g. Philip Morris suing Australian government for introducing plain packaging; Chevron suing Ecuador; Monsanto suing Guatemala Revolving door syndrome (Mount, 2012) Widely cited UNCTAD data suggests that of the 100 largest economies in the world, 51 are now global corporations and only 49 are countries. there is a growing consensus that, due in part to globalization, the power of corporations is expanding and is increasingly beyond the capacity of individual states to regulate or control (Scherer & Palazzo, 2010). Companies exert power by means of their ability to influence levels of employment & investment, access to technology, data, innovation, communication, entertainment
- 11. The Guardian 2014 Sustainable Business Awards Winners Tesco – food waste Morgan Stanley Nestle HOPE Unilever – Paul Polman Patagonia – Yvon Chouinard But….. Tesco – over-claimed profits by £250m Morgan Stanley – selling subprime mortgage backed securities Nestle – selling powdered baby milk in developing countries Is CSR embedded or peripheral? (Aguinis & Glavas, 2013) Has CSR failed? (Visser, 2011) Watch Visser here
- 12. Failure of CSR - Milne & Gray, 2013 Voluntary, tokenistic, inadequate This lack of accountability is most apparent in corporate sustainability reporting which, according to Milne and Gray, has boomed over the past 10 years. However, these reports fail to define sustainability in any meaningful sense and tend to ‘cover few stakeholders, cherry pick elements of news and generally ignore the major social issues that arise from corporate activity such as lobbying, advertising, increased consumption, distributions of wealth and so on’ (Milne & Gray, 2013,17).
- 13. CSR 2 Wayne Visser This video showcases thinking by leading edge thinkers in CSR
- 14. Information about and measurement of CSR Measuring the success of CSR through the voices of activists, commentators and the media? SustainAbility.com Business in the Community ISO 2600 European CSR Awards Scheme Interbrand – Best Global Green Brands http://www.awardlist.co.uk/csr_awards_list/ FTSE 4 GOOD http://www.ftse4good.com/Indices/index.jsp International Institute for Environment and Development http://www.iied.org/ International Institute for Sustainable Development http://www.iisd.org/default.asp World business council for sustainable development http://www.wbcsd.org/home.aspx
- 15. References Aguinis, H. & Glavas, A. (2013) Embedded Versus Peripheral Corporate Social Responsibility: Psychological Foundations, Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 6 (4), 314–332. Crane, A. & Matten, D. (2010) Business Ethics (3rd ed), Oxford: Oxford University Press. Milne, M.J. & Gray, R. (2013) W(h)ither Ecology? The Triple Bottom Line, the Global Reporting Initiative, and Corporate Sustainability Reporting, Journal of Business Ethics, 118, (1), 13-29 Mount, F. (2012) The New Few or A Very British Oligarchy – Power and Inequality in Britain Now, London: Simon & Schuster Richardson, I.N., Kakabadse, A. P.& Kakabadse, N. K. (2011) Bilderberg People – Elite power and consensus in world affairs, Abingdon: Routledge Scherer, A. G. & Palazzo, G. (2011) The New Political Role of Business in a Globalized World: A Review of a New Perspective on CSR and its Implications for the Firm, Governance, and Democracy, Journal of Management Studies 48:4, 899-931 United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development (1987) Our Common Future [Online], Available at: http://conspect.nl/pdf/Our_Common_Future-Brundtland_Report_1987.pdf [Accessed: 10.10.14] Visser, W. (2011) The Age of Responsibility: CSR 2:0 and the New DNA of Business, Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. WWF (2014) Living Planet Report [Online], Available from: http://www.wwf.org.uk/about_wwf/other_publications/living_planet_report_2014/#.VEgaQBbthu A [Accessed: 13.10.14]