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Drone Swarm
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▸ Swarm drones are inspired by bird flight and achieve collective
intelligence and unsurpassed worker efficiency.
▸ These drones, mimicking avian flight, hold promise in various
applications, including environmental monitoring, search and rescue,
disaster response, and synchronized aerial shows.
▸ Recent research aims to bridge the gap between natural flight and
cutting-edge robotics by focusing on efficient.
Teamwork for Smart Results(Swarm):
Working together as a team, achieving smarter outcomes collectively.
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Introduction
Fig: Swarm drones
Bird Formation
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Communication and Coordination:
Communication among many drones is challenging.
Maintaining connectivity and coordinating actions to avoid collisions or conflicts is crucial.
Developing efficient algorithms for real-time communication and collaboration is essential for the successful
operation of drone swarms.
Collision Avoidance:
Drones increases, the risk of collisions rises.
Safety and Security:
Sensitive missions may require human control systems to avoid potential risks. Federal law prohibits drone swarm operations in restricted
areas or for illegal activities like spying or cyber-attacks.
• Privacy and Cybersecurity: Drone swarms gather data about their surroundings, necessitating protocols to protect against the
collection and storage of sensitive information. Measures such as cybersecurity protocols are crucial to prevent unauthorized access or
malicious use of drones.
• Technical Advancements: Advancements in hardware miniaturization and computing power are essential for certain applications.
Improved algorithms are needed to simulate swarm behavior, enhancing connectivity, communications, and decision-making among
drones.
Challenges
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Objectives
▸ To make sure that drones maintain a safe distance from each other to avoid
collisions.
▸ To improve the connections and overall performance for continuous autonomous
remote monitoring using a multi-communication approach.
▸ Contributions include an enhanced framework validated through simulations and
experiments, assessing control efficiency in leader-follower formations.
▸ An experiment evaluated control efficiency in leader-follower formations,
analyzing the impact of both Centralized and Decentralized communication
approaches on the system's performance.
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Swarm Communication Architectures The communication in swarm includes:
▸ UAV TO UAV (U-T-U) communication
▸ UAV to Infrastructure (U-T-I) communication
▸ Group to group (G-T-G) communication
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Swarm Communication
Centralized Control - A central ground station acts as a hub for controlling and
coordinating the drone swarm. The ground station communicates directly with each
individual drone, sending command and receiving telemetry data.
Peer-to-Peer networking - P2P networking allows drones within the swarm to
communicate directly with each other without relying on a central hub.
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● Two UAVs communicate with each other by constructing multi-hop
paths with other UAVs.
● Using MAVLink protocol
● The companion computer understands MAVLink telemetry
through MavProxy software
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UAV TO UAV (U-T-U) communication
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UAVs communicate with the fixed central control centre(ground
station). It is a direct communication.
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U-T-I communication
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Group to group communication is between one group of
UAVs to another group.
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G-T-G communication
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Decentralised communication architecture / Flying Ad hoc network :
Multi group swarm Ad hoc network.
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Fig: Multiple group swarm Ad-hoc Newtok
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Decentralised communication architecture / Flying Ad hoc network :
Multi-layer swarm Ad hoc network.
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Fig: Multilayer Swarm Ad-Hoc network
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Drone Swarm coordination
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▸ Swarm Intelligence (SI):collective behavior of decentralized,
self-organized systems.
▸ Introduced by Gerardo Beni and Jing Wang in 1989.
▸ Composed of simple agents interacting locally and with the
environment.
▸ Agents follow simple rules without centralized control.
▸ Complex global behavior emerges from local interactions,
unknown to individual agents.
▸ Natural examples:
▸ Ant colonies
▸ Bird flocking
▸ Animal herding
▸ Bacterial growth
▸ Fish schooling
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