TRANSMISSION MEDIA
UNIT II- CHAPTER 2
Transmission media
 Transmission media is a pathway that carries
the information from sender to receiver.
 We use different types of cables or
waves to transmit data.
 Data is transmitted normally through electrical
or electromagnetic signals.
 An electrical signal is in the form of current.
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Transmission media categories
Transmission media categories
Twisted-Pair Cable
Effect of Noise on Parallel Lines Vs Twisted-
Pair Lines
Unshielded Twisted-Pair (UTP)
Cable
 Unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables
are widely used in the computer and
telecommunications industry as
Ethernet cables and telephone wires.
 In an UTP cable, conductors which
form a single circuit are twisted
around each other in order to cancel
out electromagnetic interference
(EMI) from external sources.
 Unshielded means no
additional shielding like
meshes or aluminium foil,
which add bulk, are used.
UTP Connectors
Shielded Twisted-Pair Cable
The extra covering
in shielded twisted
pair wiring protects
the transmission line
from electromagnetic
interference leaking
into or out of
the cable.
STP cabling often is
used in Ethernet
networks, especially
fast data rate
Ethernets. Contrast
with UTP.
Shielded and unshielded twisted-pair cable revisited. Recently, the
advantages and disadvantages of shielded and unshielded twisted-pair
cable have been under debate. Advocates of STP cable, which includes
screened twisted-pair and foil twisted-pair cables, claim that it is superior to
UTP VS STP
Coaxial Cable
FIBER-OPTIC CABLE
Refraction
Critical Angle
FIBER-OPTIC CABLE
PROPAGATION
FIBER-OPTIC CABLE
PROPAGATION MODES
Multimode Step-Index
Multimode Graded-Index
Single Mode
Fiber Construction
Radio Communication Band
Figure 7-21
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Figure 7-22
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Propagation Types
VLF
LF
Figure 7-23, 24
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
MF
HF
Figure 7-25, 26
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
VHF
UHF
Figure 7-27, 28
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
SHF
EHF
Figure 7-29, 30
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Terrestrial Microwave
Figure 7-31
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Parabolic Dish Antenna
Figure 7-32
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Horn Antenna
Figure 7-33
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Satellite Communication
Figure 7-34
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Geosynchronous Orbit
Figure 7-35
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Figure 7-36
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
Cellular System
Cellular Bands
Figure 7-37
WCB/McGraw-Hill  The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998
THANK YOU!
16x9
4x3

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SYBSC IT COMPUTER NETWORKS UNIT II Transmission Media