Syllable Structure in MSA
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This document discusses syllable structure in Modern Standard Arabic and colloquial Arabic. It defines a syllable as containing at least one vowel, and optionally beginning or ending with one or more consonants. It identifies different syllable types in MSA such as light (CV), heavy (CVV, CVC, CVVC), and super-heavy (CVCC). It notes that long syllables tend to occur in pre-final or final position in both MSA and colloquial Arabic. Examples of common syllable patterns are provided for each dialect. The document also provides notes on vowel phonology and changes between MSA and colloquial syllable structure.
Syllable Structure in MSA
- 1. Syllable Phonetically The relationship between how we produce them & how they sound phonologically The possible combination of English phonemes
- 2. Syllable Single sound consonat or vowel Onset (one or more consonant preceding the center of the syllable) Coda (end with one or more consonants) Onset & coda consist of a center which has little or no obstruction to airflow and which sounds comparatively loud; before and after it there will be greater obstruction to airflow and/or less loud sounds
- 3. English Phonetics and Phonology 4th edition Peter Roach syllable Onset C (c) Rhyme Nucleus V (v) Coda C (c)
- 4. Syllable structure in MSA Syllable: 1.Must contain a vowel 2. May contain a consonant and may not Types: (cv) kᴂ/tᴂ/bᴂ cv/cv/cv كتب Light (cvv/cv:) qɑ:/mɑ: cvv/cvv قاما Heavy (cvc) mᴂk/tᴂb cvc/cvc مكتب Heavy (cvvc/cv:c) sᴂ:d cvvc ساد Super-heavy (cvcc) ʔᴂdd cvcc عدد Super-heavy Prominence in Arabic long syllable
- 5. مقاطع الى الكلمة تقسيم معايير 1.المقطع في صائت وجود من البد 2.واحد بصامت يبدأ المقع 3.مفتوح المقطع يكون ان يمكنبصائت ينتهي = 4.يمكني انكونبصامت ينتهي = مغلق المقطع مالحظات 1.مستقل مقطع يكون فانه حرك اذا اما ،يسبقه الذي المقطع يتبع الساكن الحرف kᴂ/tᴂbkᴂ/tᴂ/bᴂ 2.)متحرك الثاني و ساكن (االول صوتين من يتكون المضعف الصوت ادّدعʕᴂd/dᴂ:d cvc/cvvc العربية الصوتيات–الغامدي منصور
- 6. The most frequent/bi/ in/at1-(cv) /ma:/ what2-(cvv) /min/ from3-(cvc) The most occurred syllables Occurs without restrictions (initially, medially, finally) *(cvv) (cvc) before hamzet alwasl in connected speech /fi: ʔal kita:b/ /fil kita:b/ /dars/ lesson4-(cvcc) /ba:b/ door5-(cvvc) Occur finally in pause forms 5 occurs rarely in the medial position
- 7. Syllable structure in colloquial Arabic Short syllables Occurs anywhere(cv) (cvc) Long syllables Pre-finally & limited in final position (cvv) Occur only in the final position(cvvc) (cvcc) Words in Arabic have only one long syllable Examples: فاهم`fa:/him Cvv/cvc أشكa/`ʃukkʔ cv/cvvc كتبوهKa/ta/`bu:h Cv/cv/cvvc
- 8. Notes MSA vowels الفتحة–الضمة–الكسرة 1- Sonorant 2- Voiced no obstruction or constrictions Quality of the vowel depends on the tongue position There is no diphthongs 1. We consider /aj/ & /aw/ as diphthongs in MSA 2. In colloquial Arabic it becomes /e:/ & /o:/ In colloquial Arabic longs vowel in the end of the word become a short one (/ʕᴂjzᴂ:hᴂ://ʕᴂjzᴂ:hᴂ/) عيزاها