Syllable structure
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This document discusses the components of syllables including the onset, nucleus, and coda. It defines these terms and provides examples of identifying each component in syllables. It also discusses different types of syllables such as open and closed syllables. Finally, it examines initial and final consonant clusters that can occur in syllable onsets and codas.
Syllable structure
- 2. Components of a syllable Syllable ONSET (Optional) RIME/RHYME One or more consonants NUCLEUS/PEAK (compulsory) VOWEL CODA/TERMINATION One or more consonants
- 3. Components of a syllable with EXAMPLE Syllable BAT /bæt/ ONSET /b/ RIME/RHYME /æt/ CONSONANT /b/ NUCLEUS /æ/ CODA /t/
- 4. Identify the onset in the following syllables /si:t/ - seat /def/ - deaf /ti:/ - tea /spi:k/ - speak /l s/ - lossɔ Hint– Consonant(s) that begins the syllable is ONSET. Consonants in a syllable are OPTIONAL.
- 5. Identify the NUCLEUS /sti:l/ - steal /pet/ - pet /k :ɔ f/ - cough /slæk/- slack Hint– Nucleus is the VOWEL. Nucleus is MANDATORY.
- 6. Find the coda. Note: Some syllables don’t have coda /ri:d/ -read /ski:/- ski /θred/ - thread /θri:/ - three /spred/ - spread /ki:/ -key
- 7. syllables open syllables closed syllables Syllables which end syllables which in a vowel and end in a coda no coda ‘consonant’
- 8. SYLLABLE ONSET If the first syllable of the word begins with a vowel → Zero Onset e.g. our /ɑʊə/ One consonant → initial consonant (of any consonant except /ŋ/, /ʒ/ is rare e.g. send /send/ church /ʧə:ʧ/ Two or more consonants together → an initial consonant cluster. e.g. clear /kliǝ/ spring /spriŋ/
- 9. INTIAL CONSONANT CLUSTERS 1. Initial two consonant clusters Pre-initial /s/ + initial consonant e.g. slight /slɑɪt/ smoke /smǝʊk/ Initial + post-initial /j, w, l, r/ e.g. queue /kjʊ:/ twin /twin/ try /trɑɪ/ 2. Initial three-consonant cluster Pre-initial /s/ + initial /p, k, t/ + post-initial /l, r, w, j/ e.g. scream /skri:m/ stew /stjʊ:/ squid /skwɪd/ string /striŋ/
- 10. SYLLABLE CODA (TERMINATION) If a syllable ends with: • A vowel → zero termination e.g. No car • A consonant → final consonant e.g. meal late • More than one consonant → final consonant cluster e.g. ask next tests texts
- 11. FINAL CONSONANT CLUSTERS Final two Consonant cluster Final three Consonant Cluster Final four Consonant Cluster
- 12. FINAL TWO CONSONANT CLUSTERS 1. Pre-final /m, n, ŋ, l, s/ + final. Examples: bond pump bank dealt desk think 2. Final + post-final /s, z, t, d, θ/. Examples: cats bags looked begged eighth kissed
- 13. FINAL THREE CONSONANT CLUSTERS 1. Pre-final/m, n, ŋ, l, s/ + final + post-final /s, z, t, d, θ/ Examples: helped =/helpt/= onset + nucleus + pre-final l + final p + post final t banks bonds twelfth 2. Final + post-final 1 + post-final 2. Examples: fifths = final f + post-final θ + post-final s next lapsed
- 14. FINAL FOUR CONSONANT CLUSTERS 1. Pre-final /m, n, ŋ, l, s/ + final + post-final 1 + post-final 2 /s, z, t, d, θ/ twelfths prompts 2. Final + post-final 1 + post-final 2 + post-final 3 sixths = siksθs texts = teksts
- 15. VOWEL Pre-final final Post- final 1 Post- final 2 Post- final 3 ONSET NUCLEUS CODA m n ŋ l s s, z, t, d, θ s l r w j
- 16. d p e n dɪ onset nucleus Syllable 1 onset nucleus Pre-final final coda Syllable 2