Ta Javaserverside Eran Toch
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The document provides an overview of building server-side Java web applications using Tomcat, JSP, and JavaBeans, covering topics like installing Tomcat, creating Java and JSP projects, writing JSP pages and JavaBeans, using sessions and includes, and the Model 2 architecture. It includes tutorials on setting up a sample "Phones" application to demonstrate concepts like retrieving data from a database and displaying it dynamically in JSP pages.
![Tomcat Installation - Port You can configure the port that Tomcat will be using. If you want it to be available publicly (behind firewalls etc), change the default port to 80. Otherwise, leave it as it is (880). You can always change it later, in the [TOMCAT_HOME]/conf/server.xml configuration file.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tajavaserversideerantoch-1229595163200589-1/85/Ta-Javaserverside-Eran-Toch-10-320.jpg)
![Running Tomcat Start Tomcat by running Tomcat monitor (Start Menu -> Apache Tomcat -> Monitor Tomcat), and click on Start. Point your browser to: http://localhost:8080 . If Tomcat works, you should see something like this If not, check out the logs (C:\[TOMCAT_HOME]\logs\stdout) and see what went wrong.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tajavaserversideerantoch-1229595163200589-1/85/Ta-Javaserverside-Eran-Toch-11-320.jpg)
![Managing Tomcat Go to the management console by clicking on the “management” link in the Tomcat root homepage, or directly by going to: http :// localhost : 8080 / manager / html . The default username is “admin”, and the default password is ”” You can change it by changing the [TOMCAT_HOME]\conf\tomcat-users.xml.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tajavaserversideerantoch-1229595163200589-1/85/Ta-Javaserverside-Eran-Toch-12-320.jpg)
![Building A Web Application Build the following folder structure under [TOMCAT-HOME]\webapps Tomcat-home conf common webapps ... phones WEB-INF lib classes jsp This is the hard way… There are better](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tajavaserversideerantoch-1229595163200589-1/85/Ta-Javaserverside-Eran-Toch-15-320.jpg)
Ta Javaserverside Eran Toch
- 1. Tutorial: Server-Side Web Applications with Java, JSP and Tomcat Eran Toch December 2004 Methodologies in Information Systems Development
- 2. Agenda Introduction and architecture Installing Tomcat Building a Web Application (through Eclipse) The Phones Web Application Writing JavaBeans Writing JSPs Includes, session and application Model 2 Architecture
- 3. Web Application vs. Web Site Web Site Web Application
- 4. The Difference – cont’d Web sites are Static File based May include client’s JavaScript code Web Applications are Dynamic (output depend on input) Database based Multi-layered Session dependent (most of the times) Personalized (some of the times)
- 5. Java Web Application Architecture JSP Application Server Browser Servlet Java Classes / EJB HTTP / HTML DB / ERP / Legacy
- 6. Agenda Introduction and architecture Installing Tomcat Building a Web Application (through Eclipse) The Phones Web Application Writing JavaBeans Writing JSPs Includes, session and application Model 2 Architecture
- 7. Tomcat Installation Go to: http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/ Download the latest version (currently 5.5.4) by going to: Downloads -> Binaries -> Tomcat 5.5.4. For Windows, download the exe version – with a Windows setup. The direct link: http://apache.fresh.co.il/jakarta/tomcat-5/v5.5.4/bin/jakarta-tomcat-5.5.4.exe For Linux, read the setup manual: http://jakarta.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-5.5-doc/setup.html
- 8. Tomcat and Java 5 Please note that Tomcat v. 5.5.4 requires J2SE 1.5 (also known as J2SE 5) or above. If you want to use J2SE 1.4, download Tomcat 5.0.+
- 9. Tomcat Installation – cont’d If you want Tomcat to startup every time the computer is rebooted, check the “service” option. If you wish to use Tomcat for only for development, it’s best to leave the service option unchecked.
- 10. Tomcat Installation - Port You can configure the port that Tomcat will be using. If you want it to be available publicly (behind firewalls etc), change the default port to 80. Otherwise, leave it as it is (880). You can always change it later, in the [TOMCAT_HOME]/conf/server.xml configuration file.
- 11. Running Tomcat Start Tomcat by running Tomcat monitor (Start Menu -> Apache Tomcat -> Monitor Tomcat), and click on Start. Point your browser to: http://localhost:8080 . If Tomcat works, you should see something like this If not, check out the logs (C:\[TOMCAT_HOME]\logs\stdout) and see what went wrong.
- 12. Managing Tomcat Go to the management console by clicking on the “management” link in the Tomcat root homepage, or directly by going to: http :// localhost : 8080 / manager / html . The default username is “admin”, and the default password is ”” You can change it by changing the [TOMCAT_HOME]\conf\tomcat-users.xml.
- 13. Managing Tomcat Console Web Application management Number of current sessions Start, stop, restart and un-deploy applications
- 14. Agenda Introduction and architecture Installing Tomcat Building a Web Application (through Eclipse) The Phones Web Application Writing JavaBeans Writing JSPs Includes, session and application Model 2 Architecture
- 15. Building A Web Application Build the following folder structure under [TOMCAT-HOME]\webapps Tomcat-home conf common webapps ... phones WEB-INF lib classes jsp This is the hard way… There are better
- 16. Creating JSP Project in Eclipse Open a project for the JSP pages Choose the type “Simple project”
- 17. Creating JSP Project – cont’d Choose the path to the jsp folder Click “Finish”
- 18. Creating Java Classes Project Create a new project Choose “Java Project”
- 19. Creating Java Project – cont’d Choose the path to the WEB-INF/classes folder
- 20. Creating Java Project – cont’d Make sure the output build path is in the WEB-INF classes folder Necessary libraries could be added now
- 21. Better ways Download MyEclipse IDE extension from: http://www.myeclipseide.com/ Download Lomboz plugin for Eclipse at: http://www.objectlearn.com/index.jsp Both of these plugins will give you: Easier deployment of projects JSP debugging JSP error detection (important!)
- 22. Agenda Introduction and architecture Installing Tomcat Building a Web Application (through Eclipse) The Phones Web Application Writing JavaBeans Writing JSPs Includes, session and application Model 2 Architecture
- 23. Our “Phones” Application Simple application that displays phone records from the database (stupid, shameless) Architecture: select_entry.jsp display_phone.jsp PhoneEntry.java DBConnector.java Database
- 24. PhoneEntry.java package edu.technion.methodologies.phones ; public class PhoneEntry { private int id = 0 ; private String name ; private String phone ; private String email ; public void load(int id ) { DBConnector.loadPhone(id, this ); } public void save () { if (id == 0 ) { id = DBConnector.insertPhone(this ); } else { DBConnector.updatePhone(id, this ); } } //getters and setters… }
- 25. DBConnector.java See the advanced Java tutorial…
- 26. Writing Scriplets in JSP Write HTML as normal Dynamic parts between <% %> Eg <HTML> <BODY> Hello! The time is now <%= new java.util.Date() %> </BODY> </HTML>
- 27. JSP Scripting Elements Expressions <%= expression %> evaluated and inserted into the output Scriptlets <% code %> inserted into the servlet's service method Declarations <%! code %> inserted into the body of the servlet class, outside of any existing methods
- 28. JSP Directives There are two main types of directive: page lets you do things like import classes, customize the servlet superclass etc Include lets you insert a file into the servlet class at the time the JSP file is translated into a servlet. <%@ directive attribute="value" %>
- 29. select_entry.jsp <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Phones Application </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <form action = "display_phone.jsp" method = "post" > <table border = 0 > <tr> <td> ID: </td> <td><input type = "text" name = "id" ></td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><input type = "submit" ></td> </tr> </table> </form> </BODY> </HTML> HTML Header HTML form Nested HTML table structure HTML text input
- 30. select_entry.jsp – the HTML output
- 31. display_phone.jsp <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN"> <%@ page import = "edu.technion.methodologies.phones.*" %> <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE> Phone Entry </TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <% String idParam = request.getParameter( "id" ); int id = 0; if (idParam != null ){ id = Integer.parseInt(idParam); } PhoneEntry phoneEntry = new PhoneEntry(); phoneEntry.load(id); %> Handling the request Creating the JavaBean Importing libraries
- 32. display_phone.jsp – cont’d <table border = 0 > <tr> <td> Name: </td> <td><b> <%= phoneEntry.getName() %> </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td> Phone: </td> <td> <%= phoneEntry.getPhone() %> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> Email: </td> <td> <%= phoneEntry.getEmail() %> </td> </tr> </table> </BODY> </HTML>
- 33. display_phone.jsp – the HTML Output
- 34. Agenda Introduction and architecture Installing Tomcat Building a Web Application (through Eclipse) The Phones Web Application Writing JavaBeans Writing JSPs Includes, session and application Model 2 Architecture
- 35. JSP Include Inserting elements into the JSP page in complication time <table border = "0" width = "100%" cellpadding = "4" > <tr bgcolor = "99CCFF" > <td><a href = "select_entry.jsp" > home </a></td> </tr> </table> Included JSP file
- 36. JSP Include – cont’d … <BODY> <%@ include file = "header.jsp" %> <% … We add the include declarative into display_phone.jsp And we get:
- 37. Session and Application Objects A session is an object associated with a visitor. Data can be put in the session and retrieved from it Sessions are timed-out – the default is ~25 minutes The application object is accessed similarly, but is unique and global for the web application //Setting an object within the session session.setAttribute( "last_searched_id" , new Integer(id)); //Getting an object from the session Integer lastID = (Integer)session.getAttribute( "last_searched_id" ); out.println(lastID);
- 38. Advanced Issues Servlets – have many advantages over JSP Inheritance Class structure Tag libraries Enterprise Java Beans J2EE Frameworks (WebLogic, Web Sphere, JBoss)
- 39. Agenda Introduction and architecture Installing Tomcat Building a Web Application (through Eclipse) The Phones Web Application Writing JavaBeans Writing JSPs Includes, session and application Model 2 Architecture
- 40. Model 2 Architecture recommended approach for designing medium- and large-sized Web applications An implementation of the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern Applications have 3 layers Model : containing all data and operations JSP classes or beans View : creating various presentations JSP – focus on static data Controller : receiving requests, updating the model, and delegating to views servlet
- 41. Model 2 Architecture – cont’d .jsp .jsp Form request forward Database classes servlet VIEW CONTROLLER MODEL
- 42. Struts Struts is an open source framework created within the Jakarta project by the Apache Software Foundation Supports Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern http://struts.apache.org/
- 43. References Core Servlets and JavaServer Pages, Vol. 1: Core Technologies, Second Edition, by Marty Hall, Larry Brown Sun’s JSP Tutorial: http://java.sun.com/j2ee/tutorial/1_3-fcs/doc/JSPIntro.html JavaBeans Tutorial: http://java.sun.com/j2ee/tutorial/1_3-fcs/doc/JSPBeans.html A set of advanced (and untidy) tutorials: http://www.coreservlets.com/