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Tableau Server
Time to Lockdown
Rod Menken
UIHC Tableau User Group

Tableau Security - Coming to the Forefront
 Tableau has grown like wildfire and has grown beyond the
original scope of what was intended or envisioned Originally
planned for hundreds of UIHC staff, with everyone expected to
have access to everything.
 But, when we want to share a workbook with someone that
doesn’t have access to Tableau Server, Tableau Reader provides a
free alternative.
 Distributing content with Tableau Reader requires that you save
the Tableau workbook file as a packaged workbook.
 Tableau Packaged Workbooks (.twbx) require local file sources
such as Excel, Access, text files(.csv,.txt, etc), Tableau data
extract files(.tde)

Tableau Growth Users and Views

More on Tableau Reader
 If the data source for the workbook we want to share with
Tableau Reader comes from a server-based database (SQL Server,
Teradata, Oracle, etc.), we must extract the source data first—
saving extracted data as a Tableau Data Extract—then save the
workbook as a Tableau Packaged Workbook.
 Tableau Reader is intended to make your workbooks available to
anyone— even those that do not have a Tableau licensed product.
 There are security considerations that we should be aware of
when we distribute workbooks through tableau reader. Do not
rely on filters to shield sensitive data that is included in the data
sources used in the workbook.
 Tableau packaged workbooks are like zip files. They can be
unpackaged which will expose the data source file.

Tableau Online
 Tableau offers a cloud-based option called Tableau Online. This
service provides a low cost alternative to sharing workbooks with
licensed users of the service.
 Tableau Server is a self-managed solution that can be maintained
inside or outside of our organization’s firewall.
 Workbooks are published to Tableau Online or Tableau Server.
People consuming the workbooks are granted access to them by a
designated administrator that controls security.
 The process for publishing workbooks to Tableau Server or
Tableau Online is similar. Once the workbook has been
published, authenticated users are able to access it using a web
browser.

Tableau Server
 Tableau provides three different tools for sharing information—
Tableau Public, Tableau Online, and Tableau Server.
 Tableau Public is a free cloud-hosted service aimed at bloggers,
students, or data visualization enthusiasts that want to share their
work publically.
 It is not designed for enterprise environments that require data
security. In fact, any- thing published on Tableau Public is freely
available for anyone to download.
 Tableau Server is for customers that need to control where and
how the data is stored and managed. It can be installed on
hardware behind your firewall or on cloud services that you
contract with directly.

Reasons to deploy Tableau Server
 Server’s architecture provides the flexibility to scale from a single
box to large multi-server deployments.
 User-friendly tools are provided for setup and maintenance of
access rights, scheduling, and notification. Once setup is
complete, continuing administration is normally minimal.
 Downloading and installing Tableau Server normally can be done
in less than two hours.
 There are three primary reasons to deploy Tableau Server:
 1. Data governance (security) 2. Efficiency (time savings) 3.
Flexibility (consumption and editing options)

Tableau Server Architecture
 Tableau Server is comprised of several processes operating
together. These may run concurrently, but typically all processes
won’t be running all of the time. These include:
1. Application Server (wgserver.exe)
2. VizQL Server (vizqlserver.exe)
3. Data Engine (tdeserver.exe, tdeserver64.exe)
4. Backgrounder (backgrounder.exe)
5. Data Server (dataserver.exe)
6. Repository (postgres.exe)

More on architecture
 The application server handles requests to the web application
such as searching, browsing, logging in, generating static images
and managing subscriptions.
 The VizQL server handles the task of loading and rendering
requested views.
 The data engine receives queries made to Tableau Data Extracts
present on the server. These queries come from the VizQL
processes.
 To service these queries, the Data Engine loads the Tableau Data
Extracts into memory and returns the requested record set.

More on architecture
 The backgrounder runs maintenance tasks and data extract
refreshes.
 The data server handles requests to Tableau Data Sources. These
requests can come from the Tableau Server or from Tableau
Desktop users.
 The repository is the Postgres database Tableau Server uses to
store settings, metadata, usage statistics and workbooks.

Licensing
 Tableau Server can be licensed by two different ways:
1. Per-named-user basis
2. Server core license
 Core licensing provides unlimited access to any number of users.
Pricing is based on the number of processor cores contained on
the physical box or multiple boxes on which we deploy the
software.
 Per-named-user licensing starts with a minimum of ten users.
 Core licensing requires an eight-core minimum. Although many
factors can affect performance in a server deployment (hardware,
network traffic, dashboard design), an eight-core configuration
can support up to 225 concurrent users.

Authentication
 Tableau Server can be configured to authenticate users in one of
two ways:
1.A Local Authentication
2.An Active Directory Authentication (ADA)
 It is very important that you choose the authentication method
carefully because this cannot be changed once the server is
installed.
 In the Local Authentication option users are added to the server
by configuring a username and a password.
 In the Active Directory authentication option, users who are
added to the Tableau Server must already exist within Active
Directory.

More on authentication
 Active Directory manages the user’s password. Selecting Active
Directory authentication allows clients to reuse their existing
security structure.
 Be sure to enter the domain name and nickname when choosing
to authenticate with Active Directory. This domain name must be
a fully qualified domain name.
 Using the (ADA) method allows an additional option—Enable
Automatic Log-on.
 This option enables users to automatically log in to Tableau
Server with the currently logged in Windows account credentials
via the Microsoft Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI).

Workbook
 The Workbook object represents the Tableau workbook file
published from Tableau Desktop.
 It contains dashboards and worksheets, which in terms of Tableau
Server are all known as Views.
 Permissions can be applied to specific Views within a Workbook
or at the whole Workbook level.
 Workbooks and Views can belong to projects and must be
published to a site.

User
 The User object represents a named-user who has access to the
Tableau Server. Users must be granted a licensing level of
Interactor or Viewer to log in to the server.
 It’s possible to leave a user account on the server in an effectively
dis- abled state by setting its licensing level to unlicensed. This
can be useful for audit purposes.
 Users can be granted access to Views, Workbooks, Projects, and
Sites. They can also be placed into groups.
 Unlicensed Tableau Server users (that have been given publishing
rights) can publish workbooks to Server even when they cannot
view the published results on the server.

Project and Group
 The Project is an object used to organize and manage access to
Workbooks. Workbooks are placed into Projects within a Site.
 This can be used as an organization tool by placing Workbooks
with similar content into a single project.
 It can be used as an access restriction tool by granting access to a
Project to a user or group and then publishing Workbooks into
that Project.
 The Group is an object used to organize users in Sites on the
Tableau Server. Users can be placed into Groups and these
Groups can in turn be given permissions to objects on the server.
 Groups can be created locally on the Tableau Server or, if Active
Directory authentication is in use, they can be imported from an
Active Directory Group. Groups make managing user
permissions within Tableau Server much easier.

Site
 The Site is the top level of the security hierarchy. Sites are
essentially completely separate Tableau Server instances from the
user perspective.
 Users cannot log in to, or view, any information about Sites to
which they do not have access.
 The base Tableau Server site is known as the Default Site. Users
that belong to more than one site must choose which site they
want to see when they log in.
 Additional Tableau Server sites are accessed using a name
extension string appended on the URL using this format:
(/t/[name]).

Permissions
 Where sites define separate work environments in Tableau Server,
permissions define what users or groups are permitted to do
within a site.
 The Interactor role represents the common user who can access
and use Objects but not edit them.
 The Publisher role allows users to publish reports from Tableau
Desktop to the server.
 The Editor role allows the user to make changes to Workbooks.
 There are two administrative permissions that can be granted at
the Site and Instance level—System Administrator and Site
Administrator.

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