Vertices, lines, polygons, elements, faces, primitives, and meshes are the basic building blocks of 3D geometry. Vertices are points that define corners and intersections in a 3D model. Lines and splines connect vertices and can be straight, curved, or smoothed. Polygons are plane shapes that make up most 3D models, and their editing can affect surrounding polygons. Elements are editable individual polygons that can be grouped. Faces are flat 2D shapes used to construct 3D forms. Primitives are basic 3D shapes that can be standard or extended in complexity. Meshes define the wireframe outline of an object and can be toggled between solid and transparent views.