Test Driven Development (TDD) on Force.com projects
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The document discusses Test Driven Development (TDD) in the context of Force.com projects, highlighting its definition, process, benefits, and challenges. It clarifies TDD's difference from Behavior Driven Development (BDD) and emphasizes the importance of writing tests before functional code to drive design. Additionally, it offers practical examples in Apex and outlines key resources for implementing TDD.
Test Driven Development (TDD) on Force.com projects
- 1. Test Driven Development on Force.com projects Myths and Truths March 10, 2016
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- 4. Agenda ▪ What is TDD? ▪ TDD Process ▪ An Apex TDD Example ▪ Benefits ▪ Challenges
- 5. What is TDD? (I) ▪ …but first, what IS NOT TDD: ▪ TDD is not BDD (Behavior Driven Development) ▪ BDD: specs define tests, and then test defines code implementation ▪ BDD in Apex: Specs -> Test class -> class ▪ Cucumber (cucumber.io) based projects (Pickle, Pepino, …) which runs acceptance tests defined in Gherkin ▪ …so, what IS TDD?
- 6. What is TDD? (II) ▪ It refers to a style of programming where three activities are tightly interwoven: ▪ Coding ▪ Testing (in the form of unit tests) ▪ Design (in the form of refactoring)
- 7. What is TDD? (III) “TDD is a software development approach where tests are written before the functional code” “TDD is a technique of using automated unit tests to drive the design of software and force decoupling of dependencies”
- 8. The TDD process 1. Write a test 2. Run all tests (the new should fail) 3. Write some code 4. Run tests 5. If tests passes, refactor 6. Repeat step 1
- 9. Unit Tests vs Integration Tests ▪ Unit Test ▪ Verify that a relatively small piece of code is doing what is intended to do ▪ Narrow in scope ▪ Easy to write and execute ▪ Test useful for the developer ▪ No dependencies on external components ▪ External components are mocked or stubbed out ▪ Test internal consistency ▪ Integration Tests ▪ Verify that different pieces of the system works correctly together. ▪ Covers whole business requirements/features ▪ Require more resources to complete ▪ Test useful for business ▪ Dependencies are required because the holistic approch. ▪ Test consistency between components
- 10. An Apex TDD example (I) ▪ Aldo’s Algebra (don’t google… it’s just a trivial example!) ▪ Given 2 integer numbers (a, b) the sum operation will be a + b ▪ if one of the numbers is null, treat it as zero ▪ examples ▪ AA.sum(2, 3) = 5 ▪ AA.sum(2, null) = 2 ▪ AA.sum(null, null) = 0
- 11. An Apex TDD example (II)
- 12. An Apex TDD example (III)
- 13. An Apex TDD example (IV) Repeat the process until complete the spec
- 14. …but what if I have dependencies on other classes/components?
- 15. An Apex TDD example (V) AlgebraController <<class>> AlgebraServices <<class>> Algebra <<page>>
- 16. An Apex TDD example (VI)
- 18. An Apex TDD example (VII)
- 19. An Apex TDD example (VIII)
- 20. Benefits ▪ Forces good architecture design ▪ Reduce time of bug hunting ▪ Creates a detailed specification ▪ Write shorter and less complex code ▪ Fewer system.debug() statements ;-) ▪ Instant feedback on broken code ▪ Code coverage on steroids (goodbye less than 75%) ▪ Enforce KISS and YAGNI ▪ Tests run faster ▪ Mocking around SOQL and DML to avoid declarative changes failures o/
- 21. Challenges ▪ Learning curve ▪ Cost of TDD vs Project Budget ▪ ROI with TDD ▪ Advanced concepts ▪ Dependency Injection ▪ Mocking ▪ Cultural issues ▪ Handling business requirements changes
- 22. Resources + Kudos ▪ Test Driven Development Method in Software Development Process. Denis Duka, Lovre Hribar 2010 ▪ Test Driven Development in Apex by Chris Aldridge (@caldrig3) ▪ Cucumber (cucumber.io) ▪ Pickle, a lightweight Cucumber implementation for Salesforce.com, github.com/lpoulain/pickle ▪ Pepino, BDD framework for Apex. github.com/pbattisson/pepino ▪ Unit Testing, Apex Enterprise Patterns and ApexMock, Andrew Fawcett (@andyinthecloud) ▪ Writing true unit tests using dependency injection mocking apex, Alex Tennant (@adtennant) ▪ ApexMocks: How Does It Work? Jesse Altman (@jessealtman) ▪ Inversion of Control Containers and the Dependency Injection Pattern. Martin Fowler, 2004 ▪ Demo Code repo: https://github.com/aldoforce/uysdug_tdd_demo
- 23. Thank You! Test Driven Development on Force.com projects Myths and Truths Uruguay Salesforce Developer Group March 10, 2016 #UYSDUG Aldo Fernandez Technical Architect @aldoforce #uysdug #tdd #dependencyInjection #apex #testing