Testing and Rolling Out Enterprise Applications

Testing and Rolling Out
Enterprise Applications

 Each enterprise application undergoes various types
of testing to ensure that it demonstrates the desired
functionalities and quality attributes.
 Based on ‘What’ needs to be tested, testing can be
divided into two categories:
• Functional Testing: Testing the functionalities as per
the stated requirements is termed as functional
testing.
• Non-Functional testing: Non-Functional testing caters
to testing all the other things except functionalities to
ensure that the quality attributes are as per the
requirements.
Testing and its Types

Based on ‘How’ to test, the method of testing can be
divided into three categories:
 White Box Testing: This method of testing tests the
internal structure of the application in detail. This
method typically checks for the flow of data, control
and branching sequences
 Black Box Testing: This method of testing tests the
software without need for understanding the internal
structure and focuses on testing the application from
an external perspective.
 Gray Box testing is a hybrid form of white box and
black box testing methods
Methods of Testing

Testing Levels
Production Testing
Acceptance Testing
System Testing
Integration Testing
Unit Testing
Testing levels of enterprise applications
Contd….

 Unit testing is performed to ensure that a standalone
function/code/module/class works as per the
specifications.
 Integration testing is to ensure that the software
code/modules/functions/classes are grouped
together consistently.
 System testing is the testing in which system is also
investigated holistically from the perspective of
functional as well as non functional requirements.
Testing Levels (Contd…)
Contd….

 Acceptance Testing is done towards the end of testing
phase, just before the roll out of the enterprise
application, by the end users and primarily includes
the test cases based on a selective subset of end user
requirements.
 Production Testing is basically a pilot release of the
enterprise application in the production environment.
Testing Levels (Contd…)

Testing Approach
Test Strategy
Test Analysis
Test Execution
Test Planning
Enterprise Application Testing Approach Contd….

 Test strategy
• This refers to the overall approach to test the
enterprise application. It takes into account the
environment, the types of testing to be done,
the testing team, the effort, the cost and the timeline
of testing, defect tracking, tools to be used, test
planning and when to end the testing. The output of
this phase is a Test Strategy document.
 Test planning
• Test planning is used to plan the execution of tests as
decided in the test strategy.
 Test execution
• Development team may be responsible for executing
the unit testing and integration testing.
Testing Approach (Contd…)
Contd….

• Each of the test cases is then executed and the results
are logged.
• Test execution is done for both functional and non-
functional testing. Testing is considered complete
when the quality goals set in the test strategy are met.
 Test analysis
• The defects captured are analyzed for complexity, type,
severity, impact and many other things.
Testing Approach (Contd…)

Enterprise Application Environments
Production Testing
Acceptance Testing
System Testing
Integration Testing
Unit Testing Development
Test
Quality
Assurance
Staging
Production
Testing Levels Environments
Enterprise application environments and testing levels

Purpose of Enterprise Application
Environments
Application
Environments
Purpose
Development Development environment is a high access, low budget and low
security environment used mainly by the developers for construction
activities including unit testing.
Test This environment is used by the developers to perform integration
activities and to do integration testing. Test environment will typically
have moderate access control and moderate security.
Quality Assurance QA environment having high access controls is typically used for
Quality Assurance activities by an external Quality Assurance team.
Most of the non functional requirements are tested in this environment.
Staging Staging environment mimics production environment in all aspects,
possibly except for capacity and security. This environment may be
used for training end users. This ensures all physical configurations are
tested and ready for service.
Production Production environment is the environment where the final enterprise
application eventually resides. This environment has high security and
high access control. The capacity of this environment is designed to
cater to real life requirements. This also has to ensure high availability.

Integration Testing
 The software units/components are integrated into
assemblages after unit testing.
 The interfaces among these underlying
units/components are tested to ensure the working of
these units, when combined together, and is referred
to as integration testing.
 Integration testing teams can use Software
Construction Maps, along with other UML diagrams
such as sequence diagram, to understand the big
picture of these units/components.
 Integration testing is an example of gray box testing.

System Testing
 System testing is testing the enterprise application
and its interfaces as a whole.
 It is a black box testing where a completely integrated
enterprise application is tested for the specified
functional and non-functional requirements.
 A few of the non functional testing types which are
carried out in the system testing phase of enterprise
applications:
• Performance Testing
• Penetration Testing
• Usability Testing
• Globalization testing
• Interface Testing

Performance Testing
 Performance testing is one of the most important
aspects of system testing carried out from the
perspective of validating the responsiveness of the
system under a given workload profile, scalability to
handle growth in number of users and data volume
and stability without incurring visible performance
degradation.
 Typically performance testing comprises of activities
such as load testing, volume testing, stress testing and
endurance testing.
Contd….

Performance Testing (Contd…)
• Load Testing is where the enterprise application is
subjected to a variety of loads, mainly in terms of the
number of users accessing it, to baseline the
performance of the enterprise application.
• Volume Testing is somewhat similar to load testing
carried out by varying the volume of data processed by
the system.
• Stress Testing is done to ensure that the enterprise
application can handle the spikes in load due to
unusual circumstances like a sudden surge in user hits.
• Endurance Testing is performed primarily to identify
problems related to memory leaks by putting the
enterprise application through sustained load
conditions.

Performance Engineering Life Cycle
Performance NFR
Elicitation and Validation
Performance test
Strategy and Planning
Design considerations
for Performance and
Infrastructure Sizing
Performance testing
and Capacity Planning
Workload forecasting
and Capacity &
Infrastructure roadmap
Performance engineering life cycle

Performance Improvement
Corrective action plans are laid out after performance
testing to optimize the performance which typically
involves the following activities:
 Application code analysis: Run-time behavior of
application code is analyzed to investigate the
performance bottleneck.
 Database Optimization: Database schema and stored
procedures are also profiled to determine recursive
calls, physical reads, number of deadlocks, wait
events etc. to point out the performance bottleneck.
 Infrastructure resources and capacity optimization:
Network latency rate, collision rate,
incoming/outgoing packet rate etc. are the
performance parameters to watch for a network.

Penetration Testing
 Penetration testing is the black box testing of an
enterprise application from the security perspective.
 This is one of the most important types of testing in
B2C applications and community sites involving large
number of users.
 Penetration testing is a part of the overall application
security engineering life cycle.

Security Engineering Life Cycle
Security NFR
Elicitation and
Validation
Security test Strategy
and Planning &
Threat Modeling
Design
considerations for
security
Security code review
- Static code analysis
Penetration testing
Revisiting
application security
to handle future
attack vectors
Application security engineering life cycle

Usability Testing
 Usability testing is a form of black box testing of the
enterprise application to validate the usability
requirements typically mentioned as part of the non-
functional requirements.
 Usability testing is especially important for B2C
applications.
 Performed either by the end users themselves or
alternatively by business analysts who represent end
users.

Globalization Testing
 Globalization testing is a manual testing to validate
whether an enterprise application meets the
internationalization/localization requirements.
 This testing is typically performed by test engineers
and business analysts, who are aware of the language
of choice, by running the application in different
locales.

Interface Testing
 Interface testing validates the incoming and outgoing
interfaces of the application under test with respect
to all other applications that it interacts with.
 It is also known as intersystem testing.
 The entry criteria for interface testing are the
readiness and correct documentation of all the
participating systems in the interface testing.
 The objectives of interface testing are dependent on
factors such as nature of communication of interfaces,
request-response handling of the system, data
formats exchanged through the interfaces, types of
validations performed and nature of errors and
exceptions that could arise.

User Acceptance Testing
 User acceptance testing is the black box testing of an
enterprise application performed by the end users of
the system, primarily from the perspective of system’s
stated functionalities and usability.
 This is the last stage of testing before the application
rollout.
 The objectives of a typical user acceptance testing are
to validate:
• The stated functionalities in the system requirement
specification document.
• Part of non functional requirements like usability and
response time.
Contd….

User Acceptance Testing (Contd…)
• The access control of the modules of the application.
• The complete business processes.
• The business data from the outgoing and incoming
interfaces.
• Batch processes, if any.
• The report format and contents.

Rolling out Enterprise Application
 Rolling out enterprise applications means making the
application live on the production environment for
the end user.
 This is the time when the enterprise applications are
handed over to the enterprise application
maintenance team.
 Release engineers facilitate the rolling out procedure
of enterprise applications.

High level Strategies for Rollout
 Brand new rollout: This rollout strategy is for the first
roll out of a brand new application.
 Parallel switch: The parallel switch rollout strategy is
to bring up a new application environment in parallel.
The new environment is verified and application
traffic is switched from the old to the new
environment.
 Rolling rollout: The rolling rollout strategy is
applicable in a clustered and highly managed
environment.
Contd….

High Level Strategies for Rollout (Contd…)
 Phased rollout: Phased rollout is a slower variant of
the rolling rollout strategy. The rollout is phased out
on the basis of particular region or time.
 Up-Down-Up rollout: This rollout strategy starts with
bringing everything down. The system is upgraded,
verified and brought up again. This strategy is the
most time consuming and requires a lot of upfront
planning. This is the safest rollout strategy for large-
scale deployments.

Testing and Rolling Out Enterprise Applications

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