THE ART OF REDUCING LEAKAGE – BLENDING SMART ANALYTICS WITH SIMPLICITY
- 1. 9/20/22 1 © GWF 2022 Smart Water Utilities Europe 2022 Mark Shepherd PrEng Senior Advisor Integrated Water Solutions THE ART OF REDUCING LEAKAGE – BLENDING SMART ANALYTICS WITH SIMPLICITY 1 © GWF 2022 2 INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE WATER SECTOR Technology can be used to implement innovation, but the technology itself doesn’t produce innovation. It can indeed be a helpful and powerful medium to allow us to test and iterate at a faster and more efficient rate, but it’s not the end result of innovation. Depending on the problem, innovation doesn’t necessarily have to be complicated or require super- advanced technology that perhaps cannot even be used by our audience. It might just lead to simple solutions that just weren’t thought of before and can be easily applied for the benefit of our intended users. UNHCR Innovation Service 2
- 2. 9/20/22 2 © GWF 2022 3 IS THERE ANY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A LAYERED VIEW OF SMART WATER NETWORKS AND THE INNOVATION CYCLE? Adapted from Christensen (1997) Adapted from SWAN ? ? A Smart Water Network can be defined as a fully integrated set of data-driven components and solutions which allow water utilities to optimise all aspects of their water distribution, wastewater collection, and treatment system The Achilles Heel of any Smart Water Network starts at the lowest levels. Incorrect or unvalidated data has a compound effect right up to decision-making 3 © GWF 2022 PROGRESSION AND INNOVATION DOESN’T ALWAYS INVOLVE DEEP ANALYTICS OF BIG DATA Analyse Improve Control Measure Sometimes we have to innovate “backwards” in order to innovate forwards This means testing, deconstructing and reconstructing accepted theory 4
- 3. 9/20/22 3 © GWF 2022 5 SO HOW DOES SIMPLICITY BLEND WITH SMART WATER NETWORKS? Acknowledgement: SWAN Very quick validation and verification of network information Very early and accurate prediction of leakage volume and pcc reduction – what, where, how, when 5 © GWF 2022 6 SO WHAT IS GWF BALANCE? “To measure is to know.” “If you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it.” Lord Kelvin GWF BALANCE is a decision management tool that uses innovative data analytics to provide deep insight into a water balance at any level of supply. Supporting both strategic and operational planning, the GWF BALANCE solution provides reporting requirements, recommended and quantified intervention strategies that help water utilities prioritize resources more effectively to reduce operational costs, leakage volume and per capita consumption 6
- 4. 9/20/22 4 © GWF 2022 Measurement No metering to assist with network management Efficiency No prioritization of leakage or consumption reduction activities Penalties Regulatory penalties for not addressing problems or meeting targets Revenue Low levels of consumer metering coverage and/or estimated consumption Asset Management Mismanaged or sub-optimal water management Losses High levels of leakage and/or Non- Revenue Water and no ideas on how to reduce leakage Typical Client Problems GWF BALANCE : WHERE KNOWLEDGE, INNOVATION AND INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYTICS COMBINE.. 7 © GWF 2022 Prioritise Identify, quantify and prioritise the quickest demand reduction activities (leakage volume and consumption) Swift provide fast and accurate zone information Performance Enhance network efficiency Cost Reduction Reduce operating costs across the water cycle Quantify Quantify leakage type, unmeasured consumption and per capita consumption Minimise Precisely calculate your lowest leakage volume Unique Value Proposition GWF BALANCE : WHERE KNOWLEDGE, INNOVATION AND INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYTICS COMBINE.. 8
- 5. 9/20/22 5 © GWF 2022 Effective Will know what intervention to carry out where and in what order to save time on wasting resources in wrong areas Knowledge Can quickly and accurately identify nature of problem and how to reduce extent of problem Performance Set credible and realistic targets Cost Reduction Realise reduced operating costs Prioritise Can create a prioritised intervention plan Efficiency Identify bottlenecks to achieving targets Client Benefits GWF BALANCE : WHERE KNOWLEDGE, INNOVATION AND INTELLIGENT DATA ANALYTICS COMBINE.. 9 © GWF 2022 10 WHAT DO WE GET FROM GWF BALANCE? Water Balance Components Ø Unmeasured consumption quantification Ø More informed factors/defaults at DMA level Ø Meter Under-registration Ø Key Performance Indicators Leakage Volume Ø Quantification/Verification Ø Type and breakdown of leakage Ø Pressure/Leakage relationship for each type of leakage Per Capita and Per Household Consumption Ø Quantification/verification of PCC and PHC Ø Determination of pressure dependent and non-pressure dependent consumption Ø Impact of pressure on consumption Ø Impact of water conservation measures on consumption Additional Services: Ø Consumer Usage Profiles Ø Demand Reduction Advice Leakage Volume Reduction: Ø Prioritised recommended pressure management and impact Ø Prioritised recommended leak detection and repair and impact Additional Services: Ø Burst Frequency Reduction Analysis for both mains and service connections Ø Online Training 10
- 6. 9/20/22 6 © GWF 2022 11 WHAT DO WE NEED TO IMPLEMENT BALANCE? Average Zone Pressure logger Critical Point pressure logger (if required) DMA inlet flow meter Three measuring points only to provide system critical and DMA asset health: 1. Inlet flow and pressure 2. Average Zone Pressure point (accurately calculated) 3. Critical Point pressure (to ensure that customer level of service is not compromised) 11 © GWF 2022 12 WATER BALANCE AND PERFORMANCE MEASURES 12
- 7. 9/20/22 7 © GWF 2022 13 APPLICATION OF LEAKAGE REDUCTION CHARTS 0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 22,5 23,5 24,5 25,5 26,5 27,5 28,5 Required Reduction in Leakage (m3/hr) Average Zone Pressure (m) DMA 803 Total Leakage Volume Split into Fixed and Variable Area Leakage Reduction Reduction of Fixed Area Leakage (m3/hr) Reduction in Variable Area Leakage (m3/hr) Reduction in Total Leakage Volume (m3/hr) Required leakage volume reduction of 1,50 m3/hr Reduce AZP from 28,4m to 24,3m = 0,42 m3/hr Find and fix 162 ESPB’s = 1,08 m3/hr 13 © GWF 2022 14 CREATION AND APPLICATION OF PCC REDUCTION CHARTS 0,0 1,0 2,0 3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 0,0% 2,5% 5,0% 7,5% 10,0% 12,5% 15,0% 17,5% 20,0% 22,5% 25,0% 25,5% Average Zone Pressure Drop (m) Per Capita Consumption lpd Level of Water Conservation required by customer DMA 803 Per Capita Consumption Predictions Combined Per Capita Consumption (lpd) Per Capita Consumption (lpd) -pressure Per Capita Consumption (lpd) -conservation Required pcc reduction from 112 to 100 lpd Reduce AZP by 4,5m Water conservation efforts require a reduction of 12,5% of base pcc 14
- 8. 9/20/22 8 © GWF 2022 15 INSIGHT INTO LEAKAGE PROGRESS AND TARGETS Client Welsh Water Date of Report 07-Mar-22 Date of Test 13-Feb-22 Version control Version 1.0 Zone DMA 803 Bryn Celyn Report prepared by M Shepherd File reference WLP008MSH_K001 Average Daily Distribution Input Average Daily Total Consumption Average Daily Total Leakage Average Daily Total Leakage Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL) Maximum Recoverable Daily Leakage Predicted Average Daily Recoverable Leakage Average Daily Per Capita Consumption (PCC) Predicted Daily Per Capita Consumption (PCC) 533,1 313,6 170,17 7,09 1,33 5,76 1,46 112 103 m3/day m3/day m3/day m3/hr m3/hr m3/hr m3/hr litres/person/day litres/person/day Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Key Findings and Outcomes Maximum leakage volume reduction (m3/hr) 5,76 -18,8% Minimum leakage volume reduction (m3/hr) 5,61 -2,6% Recommended leakage volume reduction (m3/hr) 4,30 -19,4% Welsh Water targeted reduction in leakage volume -15,0% Current DMA per capita consumption lpd 112,0 Targeted Welsh Water PCC reduction -3,5% Achievable PCC reduction -8,0% SONICO® BALANCE brought to you by SONICO® BALANCE be extended to other DMA's to accurately calculate existing and UARL leakage, together with PCC reduction and Burst Frequency Analysis to determine the priority and intervention of multiple DMA's to ensure that highest impact zones are addressed first. This will assist WW in not only meeting their leakage reduction Comments on Tests and Data Analytics 1. The Distribution Input for DMA 308 was 533.07 m3/day as per the normalized daily flow profiles over the baseline monitoring period (making an allowance for omission of the Christmas period). Of this total, 313.56 m3/day was consumption, and 170.17 m3/day leakage. Leakage therefore currently accounts for approximately 32% of the total Distribution Input of the DMA 2. There was a good correlation of some of the DMA characteristics with the output of the analysis. The percentage of rigid pipes in the network was 57.7% and the percentage of fixed area leakage was 72.0%, which was expected with rigid pipes being the dominant pipe material. The N1 pressure test, which establishes the relationship between pressure and flow, and pressure and leakage, was successfully completed and determined that the N1 factor for the DMA was 0.78 at 24.32m AZP. This again supported the expectation that leakage would tend towards fixed area leakage being the dominant leakage in the DMA 3. The Infrastructure Condition Factor (ICF) for the DMA was 1.86, which means that the Unavoidable Background Leakage is almost twice as high as it should be. This would support the relatively high levels of variable area leakage and may point towards a deteriorating condition of existing pipes in the DMA 4. The Hour to Day Factor for the DMA is 24.24 SONICO® BALANCE REPORT Headline Benchmark Information Headline Analytics and Recommendations N1 = 0,78 at 24,3 m Average Zone Pressure Recommended Interventions: Reduce Average Zone Pressure from its current level of 24,3m to 22,3m with a subsequent leakage volume reduction target of 0,2 m3/hr Carry out active leak detection and repair for non-visible and unreported leakage across all 11km of reticulation and 1 157 service connections (service connection density 105 connections per km main) with the intent of locating and repairing 240 ESPB's Water conservation and education projects should commence to assist with PCC reduction. With a combination of presssure reduction to reduce pressure dependent demand, and water conservation measures,a reduction of PCC by approximately 8% should be achievable. Studies on consumer use habits should be carried out to determine the optimal means to reduce consumption. 170.17 m3/day 144.64 m3/day DMA 803 Status Current Leakage to Welsh Water Target (15% reduction) Current WW Target 85% 170.17 m3/day 31.91 m3/day DMA 803 Status Current Leakage to UARL leakage (recoverable volume) Current UARL Target 18% 135 m3/day 170 m3/day DMA 803 Status Current Leakage Volume to Recommended Leakage Volume Current Recommended 79% 112 lpd 103 lpd DMA 803 Current PCC Reduction Against Target Current Target 92% UARL with SCF (m3/day); 27,40 UARL (m3/day); 31,91 Current Leakage (m3/day); 170,17 DMA 803 Breakdown of Average Daily Leakage Volumes DMA x Breakdown of Average Daily Leakage Volumes Welsh Water Date of Report 07-Mar-22 Date of Test 13-Feb-22 Version control Version 1.0 DMA 803 Bryn Celyn Report prepared by M Shepherd File reference WLP008MSH_K001 ut Average Daily Total Consumption Average Daily Total Leakage Average Daily Total Leakage Unavoidable Annual Real Losses (UARL) Maximum Recoverable Daily Leakage Predicted Average Daily Recoverable Leakage Average Daily Per Capita Consumption (PCC) Predicted Daily Per Capita Consumption (PCC) 313,6 170,17 7,09 1,33 5,76 1,46 112 103 m3/day m3/day m3/hr m3/hr m3/hr m3/hr litres/person/day litres/person/day Priority 1 Priority 2 Priority 3 Priority 4 Key Findings and Outcomes Maximum leakage volume reduction (m3/hr) 5,76 -18,8% Minimum leakage volume reduction (m3/hr) 5,61 -2,6% Recommended leakage volume reduction (m3/hr) 4,30 -19,4% Welsh Water targeted reduction in leakage volume -15,0% Current DMA per capita consumption lpd 112,0 Targeted Welsh Water PCC reduction -3,5% Achievable PCC reduction -8,0% SONICO® BALANCE brought to you by SONICO® BALANCE be extended to other DMA's to accurately calculate existing and UARL leakage, together with PCC reduction and Burst Frequency Analysis to determine the priority and intervention of multiple DMA's to ensure that highest impact zones are addressed first. This will assist WW in not only meeting their leakage reduction on Tests and Data Analytics n Input for DMA 308 was 533.07 m3/day as per the normalized daily flow profiles over the baseline monitoring period (making an allowance for omission of the Christmas period). Of this total, 313.56 m3/day was consumption, and 170.17 m3/day leakage. e currently accounts for approximately 32% of the total Distribution Input of the DMA od correlation of some of the DMA characteristics with the output of the analysis. The percentage of rigid pipes in the network was 57.7% and the percentage of fixed area leakage was 72.0%, which was expected with rigid pipes being the dominant pipe pressure test, which establishes the relationship between pressure and flow, and pressure and leakage, was successfully completed and determined that the N1 factor for the DMA was 0.78 at 24.32m AZP. This again supported the expectation that nd towards fixed area leakage being the dominant leakage in the DMA ure Condition Factor (ICF) for the DMA was 1.86, which means that the Unavoidable Background Leakage is almost twice as high as it should be. This would support the relatively high levels of variable area leakage and may point towards a deteriorating ng pipes in the DMA y Factor for the DMA is 24.24 SONICO® BALANCE REPORT Headline Benchmark Information Headline Analytics and Recommendations N1 = 0,78 at 24,3 m Average Zone Pressure Recommended Interventions: Reduce Average Zone Pressure from its current level of 24,3m to 22,3m with a subsequent leakage volume reduction target of 0,2 m3/hr Carry out active leak detection and repair for non-visible and unreported leakage across all 11km of reticulation and 1 157 service connections (service connection density 105 connections per km main) with the intent of locating and repairing 240 ESPB's Water conservation and education projects should commence to assist with PCC reduction. With a combination of presssure reduction to reduce pressure dependent demand, and water conservation measures,a reduction of PCC by approximately 8% should be achievable. Studies on consumer use habits should be carried out to determine the optimal means to reduce consumption. 170.17 m3/day tatus Current Leakage to Welsh Water Target (15% reduction) Current WW Target 85% 170.17 m3/day 31.91 m3/day DMA 803 Status Current Leakage to UARL leakage (recoverable volume) Current UARL Target 18% 170 m3/day 03 Status Current Leakage Volume to ecommended Leakage Volume Current Recommended 79% 112 lpd 103 lpd DMA 803 Current PCC Reduction Against Target Current Target 92% 15 © GWF 2022 16 APPLICATION OF BALANCE AS A PRIORITISATION TOOL Example Sectoring or DMA’s in water distribution network 16
- 9. 9/20/22 9 © GWF 2022 17 APPLICATION OF BALANCE AS A PRIORITISATION TOOL DMA leakage volume reduction priority 1 2 3 5 6 8 4 9 7 10 DMA Targeted Leakage Reduction (l/s) 1 12.4 2 11.8 3 9.3 4 9.1 5 8.9 6 7.2 7 7.0 8 5.2 9 3.5 10 2.9 Total 77.3 Has a monetary value 17 © GWF 2022 18 APPLICATION OF BALANCE AS A PRIORITISATION TOOL 1 2 3 5 6 8 4 9 7 10 DMA per capita consumption reduction priority DMA Targeted pcc reduction (lpd) 1 21.6 2 20.1 3 18.4 4 16.3 5 16.1 6 15.5 7 12.7 8 11.1 9 9.0 10 8.6 Total 149.4 Has a monetary value 18
- 10. 9/20/22 10 © GWF 2022 19 APPLICATION OF BALANCE AS A PRIORITISATION TOOL 1 2 3 5 6 8 4 9 7 10 Pipeline burst frequency reduction priority DMA Targeted burst frequency reduction % 1 9.5% 2 9.3% 3 7.4% 4 7.0% 5 5.2% 6 4.6% 7 3.9% 8 3.2% 9 2.7% 10 2.4% Total Has a monetary value 19 © GWF 2022 20 APPLICATION OF BALANCE AS A PRIORITISATION TOOL D M A Current NL Current leakage volume UARL Predicted leakage volume reduction Current PCC Predicted PCC Predicted PCC reduction Current Burst Frequency Predicted Burst Frequency Priority for Burst Frequency Reduction Priority for leakage volume reduction Priority for PCC reduction Weighted priority for intervention 1 8.0 6.0 0.3 1.7 140.0 128.0 12.0 5.7 4.3 5 5 3 3 2 12.0 9.0 0.4 2.6 135.0 130.0 5.0 8.1 7.3 6 3 5 5 3 6.0 5.0 0.2 0.8 129.0 125.0 4.0 4.5 4.2 7 7 7 7 4 20.0 14.0 0.6 5.4 146.0 130.0 16.0 12.6 6.2 1 1 1 1 5 18.0 16.0 0.5 1.5 138.0 131.0 7.0 7.7 5.1 2 6 4 2 6 9.0 6.0 0.3 2.7 132.0 127.0 5.0 9.2 7.1 3 2 6 6 7 4.0 2.0 0.2 1.8 143.0 129.0 14.0 6.6 4.8 4 4 2 4 20
- 11. 9/20/22 11 © GWF 2022 21 APPLICATION OF BALANCE AS A PRIORITISATION TOOL 1 2 3 5 6 8 4 9 7 Weighted Maximum Impact Priority 10 21 © GWF 2022 22 BALANCE ACROSS THE WATER CYCLE Saving Saving Saving Saving 22
- 12. 9/20/22 12 © GWF 2022 23 THE ART OF REDUCING LEAKAGE – BLENDING SMART ANALYTICS WITH SIMPLICITY Sometimes Smart Water Systems.. • can be simple • can use technology to implement innovation • can be innovative by going back to improve the basics • do not need new hardware • do not need mass deployment of sensors • do not have to be data hungry • do not have to be complicated or require super- advanced technology but still need to follow the Smart Water Journey including “the human element in smart water, from how operators interact and engage with proposed smart water solutions through to increased data transparency made more accessible to customers” 23 © GWF 2022 © GWF 2022 GWF Ltd Studio 5 Capability House Wrest Park, Silsoe Bedford MK45 4HR +41 7871 598016 mark.shepherd@gwf.ch www.gwf.ch 24