The Case for Learnertainment(r)
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This document discusses how Learnertainment uses entertaining methods to engage the brain and enhance learning by overcoming the brain's natural defenses. It explains that the brain is constantly scanning for threats and prioritizes survival, but can also be motivated by pleasure. By eliciting positive emotions through entertainment, Learnertainment distracts the brain from negative feelings that inhibit learning and promotes embracing new ideas.
The Case for Learnertainment(r)
- 1. Learnertainment® Works Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior We live in an easily distracted, entertainment focused culture. People expect to be entertained. Fortunately, the human brain seeks enjoyment. By delivering learning messages in an entertaining manner, trainers, teachers, speakers and other communicators can command attention and change learner behavior. Lenn Millbower, BM, MA The Learnertainment® Trainer ! "#$%!&!'(!&)! *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9!
- 2. Learnertainment® WorkS ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior “What we learn with pleasure we never forget.” Louis Mercier Introduction The human brain has one primary mission: survival. As such, the brain constantly scans its surroundings for signs of danger. In a classroom, the mission manifests itself in a number of ways, from withdrawal behavior to aggressive hostility. The brain's anxiety about learning should be expected. Classrooms place adults in surroundings reminiscent of sometimes-unpleasant school memories and amongst strangers where any lack of knowledge is visible for all to see. As a result the brain's survival instincts dictate defensive behaviors. Learnertainment® overcomes these defenses through an engaging mixture of entertainment and learning. By distracting negative emotions with enjoyment, Learnertainment® helps participants embrace new ideas. We will, in the next several paragraphs, learn why the brain responds to survival and pleasure, overview the theory of Learnertainment® and discover how entertainment-based techniques enhance learning. ! "#$%!)!'(!&)! *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9!
- 3. Learnertainment® Works ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior To Leave Or Learn? The searchlight is always on. It scans the landscape, looking first left then right, ever vigilant for signs of danger. This searchlight is unusual in its sophistication. Like all searchlights, it scans visually. But in addition, it listens, it uses its sense of smell, it reaches out to touch unknown items, and on occasion, it tastes the stimuli in question. Perhaps the most amazing fact about this searchlight is that humans didn't invent it. It predates science. It's the human brain. When the human brain sees potential danger, it stops searching. It blocks out all extraneous stimuli and focuses tightly on the perceived threat. Even those higher-order components of the brain responsible for logic and the arts pitch in, refocusing their energies in an "all hands on deck" effort survive. If the threat turns out to be minor, the various brain components resume their normal activities… until the next time the searchlight calls. This dynamic is continuous; twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, below the level of awareness, but always dictating human behavior. And as such, the searchlight cannot be ignored. Ideas, and the intellectual application of those ideas, are important, but are of little consequence to a brain that feels threatened. Fortunately for trainers, teachers, speakers, and other learning and communication professionals, the brain has a secondary favorite input: pleasure. In humans, survival and pleasure exist side by side. They are the Ying and yang, the left and right, the balancing forces of our existence, and they are driven by the searchlight of emotion. *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9! "#$%!:!'(!&)!
- 4. Learnertainment® WorkS ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior Figure 1 Emotion Creates Attention The word emotion comes from the Latin exmovere, meaning, "to move out of," "to agitate." Aristotle believed that people are persuaded not just by logic, but also through emotion. Plato agreed when he said, "All learning has an emotional base." And Carl Jung added, "There can be no transforming of darkness into light and of apathy into movement without emotion." They were all correct. Emotions start a chain of events that lead to learning. For centuries, folklore stated that emotion was a creature of the heart. As science gained ascendancy over folklore, emotions were thought to be a function of the brain. Recent research demonstrates that both folklore and science had it right. Emotion is generated in the brain AND the body. Emotions affect our whole body, including our heart, lungs, stomach, skin and immune and endocrine systems. If you think back through your own life experience, you instinctively know this to be true. We have all felt the goose bumps of fear; the sweat of nervousness, and the rapid breathing that comes from excitement. A "gut reaction" is just that, an emotional signal from the gut. ! "#$%!;!'(!&)! *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9!
- 5. Learnertainment® Works ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior The wisdom of gut reactions makes sense when you consider that the heart starts beating in a human fetus before the brain is formed, and that, as the brain develops, it begins with the brain stem. From the brain stem, the emotional limbic system emerges. Next, the thinking brain grows out of the emotional regions. Perhaps as a result, more neural connections go from the limbic system to the cortex than the other way around. Certainly as a result, emotional reactions occur before we think. We feel first, and think later. The body’s up-front focus on feelings is critical to our survival. In situations where life or death stands in the balance, split second responses are essential. Emotion serves the purpose of identifying general threat levels. The emotional meaning of the situation captures the brain's attention and helps it make snap fight-or-flight decisions. This response is automatic. Although people may be able rationalize their emotions, the truth is emotions control them. Even when people overpower emotions with logic, the feelings that created the emotion remain, often forever. *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9! "#$%!<!'(!&)!
- 6. Learnertainment® WorkS ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior Figure 2 Attention Creates Meaning Once emotion has taken hold, the brain shifts into a heightened level of attention. This heightened level is stressful. It cannot be maintained for long. To protect itself from overload, and to free up capacity for the next potential threat, the brain quickly determines the meaning of the emotion. It explores its memories, searching for something comparable. Once a comparison is found, the brain concocts a mental concept or model to explain the emotion. It then uses this explanation to determine an appropriate response. This is not to suggest that the brain has made an intellectual decision. Rather, it has captured the general meaning of what has happened, and selects a correct response accordingly. During this process, the initial stimulus is held in short term memory. Short-term memory is that portion of memory devoted to the things that must be remembered in the moment, but may not be significant in the future. Short-term memory has finite capacity, and can only store items for around 30 seconds. Consequently, the brain quickly determines the meaning of the information, and it's potential future importance. ! "#$%!=!'(!&)! *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9!
- 7. Learnertainment® Works ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior Figure 3 Meaning Creates Memory With an item's meaning defined, the event is codified. Information of little long- term value is discarded. Information that is, or may be, meaningful in the future, is forwarded into long-term memory. It is in the long-term memory where learning, if successful, resides. Unlike short- term memory, long-term memory has an almost infinite capacity. Once an item has passed into the brain's long-term memory, it remains on file, waiting for the searchlight's call. The item, although nearly forgotten, remains so potent that the correct emotional stimuli – a song, a smell, a visual, or a combination of sensory inputs – can bring it flooding back into conscious memory. And often the memory returns so vividly that it seems as if the event just occurred! This depth of memory provides learning professionals with an advantage. Knowing that an emotional stimulus remains powerful when locked in the memory, it's in the instructor's best interest to tie learning to emotion. All that is required is a strong, emotional trigger… like entertainment. *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9! "#$%!>!'(!&)!
- 8. Learnertainment® WorkS ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior Figure 1 Entertainment Creates Emotion In today's world, entertainment is everywhere. We see it in advertising, in news programming, in "reality" television, in TV based education, and in businesses ranging from restaurants to retail stores to theme parks. We have become a society obsessed with entertainment. In the United States, on average, we spend 5.1 percent of our income on it. That’s figure is comparable to our spending on health care (5.3 percent), and is more than we spend on clothing (4.7 percent). !"#$%&"'()*+%,(-,.) /01234552) %)# %&"$# %&# +# '"%# '"!# $"(# *# $"$# %:!'# !"!# $# )&&'# )# &# ,-./0.12-3/-.# 4/15.6#710/# 758.62-9# Table 1 ! "#$%!?!'(!&)! *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9!
- 9. Learnertainment® Works ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior What those figures don’t represent is the rise in entertainment spending through the years. In 1935-36, we spent just 3.3 percent of our income on entertainment, 4.4 percent on health care, and 10.4 percent on clothing. Where spending on entertainment is at a high, the rate of personal savings is at a low, under 3 percent. After housing (32.6 percent), transportation (19.0 percent), and food (8 percent), enjoyment trumps all. And the percentage of income spent on food is misleading, because 5.7 percent of that category is dining out costs, and a significant success factor in the food service industry is the entertainment value (atmosphere, theme, and food presentation) a restaurant provides. !"#$%&"'()*+%,(-,.)-,)4552) !'# 48;<2-9# !&# )'# =01-<>80.1.28-# )&# %'# %&# ?88@# A2-2-9#B;.# ,-./0.12-3/-.# '# C1D2-9<# &# Table 2 It's not an accident that entertainment rules. As survival concerns receded from the foreground, people became individually focused. In past generations, assembly-line style orderliness and a "Yes Sir!" willingness to follow commands were valued. Today, people instead focus on their individuals needs, with little adherence to the dictates of others. They expect to be catered to, and will patronize organizations that provide enjoyment. *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9! "#$%!,!'(!&)!
- 10. Learnertainment® WorkS ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior In response, many organizations have entertainmentized their products. The result is a culture in which the lines between entertainment and non-entertainment are evaporating. Entertainment content is becoming the norm. Shakespeare was correct before his time. The world IS a stage. Learnertainment® It is appropriate that the world is a stage. The entertainment arts were created to compliment the brain's searchlight quest for danger. At the dawn of human history, pleasure, although secondary to survival, was always present. Pleasure had a survival function. Food, sex, and sleep were required for survival, and thus were pleasurable. The brain also required excess capacity for emergencies, but excess capacity had to be exercised. The entertainment arts provided the exercise regimen. Eventually survival was assured, but the excess capacity remained. Fortunately, the portion of the brain that processes negative emotions, the right hemisphere, is also attracted to the entertainment arts. People began to refocus this region on pleasurable experiences. Whether the forum was a nighttime cave fire, the Greek coliseum, the Elizabethan stage, the vaudeville palace, Broadway, the movies, television, or most recently, the Internet, a straight line can be traced from the receding of survival needs and the ascension of emotionally based entertainment. In this context then, the learning professional's challenge is to match society; to make classroom instruction equal in entertainment value; to lift classroom instruction from expected to exceptional, from required to desired, from painful to pleasurable; in short, to make it fun! ! "#$%!&+!'(!&)! *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9!
- 11. Learnertainment® Works ! Brain-Based Learning that Changes Behavior The key to fun is the solicitation of positive learner emotions. As we have discovered, negative emotion rarely sleeps: especially in the classroom. When the brain focuses on survival, it focuses completely. Worse yet, learning requires the exploration of unfamiliar territory, and when the incoming information doesn’t fit any recognizable pattern, the brain tags the information as a potential threat. The searchlight stops and learning is blocked. Smart learning professionals draw the searchlight towards positive emotional energy. Here's where Learnertainment® can help. Entertainment-based content relaxes the right hemisphere, in effect, baby-sitting it, keeping it busy with things it likes: cartoons, music, games, activities and visuals. Once the right hemisphere is playfully engaged, learning can commence without negative blocking emotions. Attention is riveted on the positive aspects of learning. In short, Learnertainment® distracts them so that you can slip some learning in on them. So the searchlight scans, never to stop. It's no matter. Learnertainment® welcomes the spotlight. It beckons that light, it draws it in, entices it to stop and performs for it, demanding it pay attention. And with attention secured the spotlight shines where it should, on learning. Become a Learnertainer™. Bring Learnertainment® to your group. Contact Lenn at: www.OffbeatTraining.com, 1-877-SAY-LENN, Lenn@OffbeatTraining.com *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9! "#$%!&&!'(!&)!
- 12. ! About Lenn Millbower, the Learnertainment® Trainer Best selling author and professional Learnertainment® Trainer Lenn Millbower has helped more than one million trainers, educators, and speakers keep their adult learners awake so the learning can take. Lenn’s published works include the CLOUT Creator Inventory©; Show Biz Training; Cartoons for Trainers; Game Show Themes for Trainers; and Training with a Beat. Contributing works include Speaker and T&D magazines, and the books 90 World Class Activities from 90 World Class Trainers, the Pfeiffer Annual, and The Training and Performance Source Book. Lenn is a popular professional speaker, with successful presentations at international conferences including the ASTD, ASCD, SHRM, ISPI, MPI and IAL and for clients worldwide. Lenn is a creative and dynamic instructional designer and facilitator formerly with Disney Learning Solutions, the Disney Institute, the Disney University and Walt Disney Entertainment; an accomplished arranger-composer skilled in the psychological applications of music; an entertainer with vast performance experience as a comedian, magician, and musician; and the president of Offbeat Training LLC where Lenn revitalizes boring programs with entertainment-based techniques that maintain attention, foster retention and increase business results. Lenn Millbower received his BM from Berklee College of Music and his MA from Webster University. He is a member of the International Alliance for Learning, the National Speaker's Association, and ASTD. Lenn Millbower Offbeat Training LLC 329 Oakpoint Circle Davenport, FL 33837 www.OffbeatTraining.com lenn@offbeattraining.com 1-877-SAY-LENN “YOU WERE OUR HIGHEST RATED SPEAKER TWO YEARS IN A ROW. You were also our highest attended. What can I say? Thank you for making me look good.” Lisa Spahn, CFASTD ! "#$%!&)!'(!&)! *!)++,!-%..!/0112'3%4!#.5!6((2%#7!84#0.0.$!--9!