While a research paper, term paper, and thesis all involve academic research, they differ in purpose, style, and required components. A thesis is written to obtain an academic degree or qualification and requires original work, while a research paper does not necessarily require original contributions or a supervisor. A thesis involves a longer timeline, usually over multiple years, and an oral examination, while a research paper is typically part of a class assignment. Both a thesis and research paper require academic research and critical analysis, but a thesis has higher expectations for originality and contributions to the field of study.