The endocrine system

 Adrenal Glands
 Ovaries (Women Only)
 Pancreas (islets of langerhans)
 Parathyroid glands
 Pineal Glands
 Pituitary Glands
 Testes (Men Only)
 Thymus Gland
 Thyroid Gland

 Located above each of the kidneys.
 2 sections: adrenal cortex & adrenal
medulla
 Outer- manufactors several different
families of hormones.
 The hormones regulate secondary sexual
characteristics.
 All hormones secreted by the adrenal
cortex are steroid hormones.

Adrenal Glands

Ovaries (Women Only)

 Females gonads located in the lower abdomen pelvic
cavity of the female. This is a part of the
reproductive system as well.
 The ovaries is where an unborn fetus lives for a
gestational period of forty weeks until birth.

Pancreas
 Located along the lower curvature of the stomach.
 The only organ in the body that has both endocrine
and exocrine functions.
 The exocrine portion releases digestive enzymes
through a duct into the duodenum of the small
intestines.

 Four tiny parathyroid glands are located on
the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland.
 Parathyroid hormone secreted by these
glands regulates the amount of calcium in the
blood.
 If the blood calcium levels fall too
low, parathyroid hormone levels in the blood
are increased and will stimulate bone
breakdown to release more calcium into the
blood.

Pineal Gland
 Small pine cone shaped gland that is part of
the thalamus region of the brain.
 Glands secrete melatonin, a hormone now
well understood, but that plays a role in
regulating the body’s circadian rhythm.

Pituitary Gland

 located underneath the brain
 Small marble shaped gland that is divided into
an anterior lobe and a posterior lobe.
 Both lobes are controlled by the hypothalamus(a
region of the brain active in regulating automatic
body responses.
 Anterior lobe secretes several different
hormones.(growth, thyroid
stimulating, adrencorticotrophin, prolactin, follic
le-stimulating and luteinizing
hormones, melanocyte-stimulating &
antidiuretic and oxytocin hormones)

 Two oval glands located in the scrotal sac of
the male.
 The male gonads
 Produce gametes, sperm and the male sex
hormone, testosterone.
 Testosterone produces the secondary sexual
characteristics and regulates sperm
production

 A part of the immune system as well.
 Is also one of the endocrine glands
because it secretes the hormone thymosin
(it is important for the proper
development of the immune system.
 It is present at birth and grows to its
largest at puberty. At puberty is shrinks
and is connected with other tissues.

Thymus Gland

Thyroid Gland

 Is the shape of a butterfly and it has a right and
left lobe.
 Located on either side of the trachea and larnyx
 The thryoid cartilage, or Adams apple is located
just above the thyroid gland.
 Produce the hormones thyroxine and
triiodothyronine.
 These hormones regulate the production of
energy and heat in the body to adjust the body’s
metabolic rate.

The endocrine system

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The endocrine system