The future of Work, Insights and Learnings
- 1. THE FUTURE OF WORK, INSIGHTS AND LEARNINGS This presentation is the final project of the Course “The Future Of Work: Preparing for Disruption” by World Bank Group. It will explain important aspects that I have learned during this course that examines human capital in the context of my own work or community setting which is Western Australia.
- 2. INTRODUCTION  The changing nature of work has been impacted and disrupted by the digital economy. Long term employer-employee relationships are not the standard anymore. The Gig economy as well as increasing informality represents new challenges for legislators. Facing the digital economy will require countries to change the logic of the current social contract, allowing citizen to access equality of opportunity in terms of social assistance, social insurance and new labour regulations. Getting governments to invest in people can close the Human Capital gap required by future jobs.
- 3. 1. DISRUPTION BY NEW TECHNOLOGIES My community is at risk of a mayor disruption as the mining sector is one of the main components of the regional economy, generating thousands of jobs. Automation is already implemented on some mines through autonomous trucks and drills. Local government has not made a clear intervention creating programs to up skill those employees, so they can take advantage of the new jobs created by innovation on their own companies. However, some companies have led interventions to up skill their own employees and have offered them apprenticeships in multiple trades within the company as well as internal transfers. It can allow the employees to start a new career pathway and be part of the transformation. From my point of view, these companies’ approach is ethical. It allows people to be included and supported in the transformation of skills and experience required by disruption.
- 4. GOVERNMENT OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA, WA MINERAL AND PETROLEUM - STATISTICS DIGEST 2017-2018
- 5. NEW TECHNOLOGIES DISRUPTION DEBATE
- 6. 2. INFORMALITY AND GIG ECONOMY  An important number of citizens work in the gig economy. The best example is Uber drivers.  In my community, you find different scenarios in regards to the use of Uber as a job option. Some Uber drivers take that job because they cannot find a different job as immigrants in a new labour market. Others are students or full-time employees that require some extra money. Finally, some people are Uber drivers because that job offers flexible hours and schedules, so it allow them to take care of family members such as kids, elders or sick members of the family. Caring responsibilities for family members, don’t allow them to take a part-time or full-time job with a specific roster.  As the examples above describe, Uber offers a job opportunity for many people that could not work in traditional conditions. However, they are excluded from benefits such as superannuation payments, sick leave, maternal/paternal leave, compassionate leave, paid leave. These differences make such as a big difference in the quality of life of these populations, as any time they cannot work due to illness or emergencies of different types (Compassionate, paid leave) their income is profoundly affected.
- 8. INFORMALITY AND GIG ECONOMY  A new social contract that offers equal social assistance, social insurance and new labour regulations is necessary. As explained by the World Bank, all citizens should be allowed to access Universal Basic Income (UBI) and social protection independently of the job situation and progressively, so the most vulnerable population is prioritised. On this case, immigrants and women of my community are strongly affected by lack of opportunities due to lack of experience in a new market and/or unable to take full-time and part- time jobs due to caring responsibilities for family members.  If people can access UBI as well as social protection, then changing jobs, caring for family members, investing in education and updating skills can be part of the family budget. As a result of the human capital improvement, economies end up being more competitive. Australia has a social assistance program for unemployed citizens, but it does not cover carer and immigrants (until they become citizens).
- 9. WORKING IN NEW WAYS REQUIRES UPDATED LEGISLATION
- 11. 3.TRAINING ON NEW SKILLS  Finally, focusing on high-quality education and the skills required by the future jobs is another important initiative to prepare people and allow them to have opportunities on this economical transformation. However, my community lack specific local government programs related to social skills, critical thinking or team work for adult workers, who are not part of the education system anymore. There is also a lack of programs offered by the government related to technology, innovation or digital technologies.
- 12. SKILLS THAT EMPLOYEES NEED, BUT THEY DON’T HAVE
- 13. TRAINING FOR THE FUTURE OF JOB  Allowing adults, as well young people to access special programs that suits their life style and learning style is vital, because it guarantees that everyone can develop soft skills that machines cannot emulate easily, such as social interactions that are not predictable and require intuitive response. Soft skills such as team work, critical thinking and empathy are getting more demanded by the employers and will be essential for the jobs of the future, as well as creating options for new career pathways aligned with the labour market demand.
- 14. EARNINGS IN REGARDS TO MATH AND SOCIAL SKILLS
- 15. MORE DEMAND FOR SOCIAL SKILLS