The Livestock Sector in India: Progress and Challenges
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The document discusses the current and projected state of India's livestock sector, highlighting population growth and resource requirements by 2024, including water and land needed for production of various livestock products. It emphasizes the economic role of livestock for farmers and the potential impact of supply chain disruptions on prices and farmers' incomes. The document calls for serious planning to meet the increasing demand for animal products in the context of depleting resources.
The Livestock Sector in India: Progress and Challenges
- 1. By: Vijay SARDANA FICA, MIMA LLB, PGDM (IIM, Ahmedabad), M.Sc. (Food tech) (CFTRI), B.Sc. (Dairy tech) PGD in Arbitration, Intl. Trade Laws & Alt. Dispute Resolution, IPR (WIPO), Justice (Harvard) Advocate & Techno-Legal & Trade Policy Expert, Arbitrator & Mediator Independent Director on various Boards & on Expert Committees ARPLBlog: Vijay Sardana Online Presentation at International Conference on “Evolving Agri-food Systems in Asia” by ReSAKSS IFPRI & MIID on Oct. 30-31, 2019 at Yangon, Myanmar
- 2. Techno-Legal Services Livestock Sector of India Category Population 2019 (in million) Population 2012 (in million) Growth % Cattle 192.49 190.90 0.83 Buffalo 109.85 108.70 1.06 Sheep 74.26 65.07 14.13 Goat 148.88 135.17 10.14 Pig 9.06 10.29 -1203 Mithun 0.38 0.30 26.66 Yak 0.06 0.08 -25.00 Horse & Ponies 0.34 0.63 -45.58 Mule 0.08 0.20 -57.09 Donkey 0.12 0.32 -61.23 Camel 0.25 0.40 -37.05 Total Livestock 535.78 512.06 4.63 Blog: Vijay Sardana Online • The poultry population has increased in the country from 729.2 million to 851.81 million which is 16.80 percent of the rise.
- 3. Techno-Legal Services Let us discussion India in 2024 • Livestock Population : 558 million • Poultry Population : 1000 million • Human Population : 1450 million Blog: Vijay Sardana Online • Cultivable Land : 140 million Hectare • Land Available/capita : 96 square meter Livestock is like ATM system for farmers and helps in addressing their economic stress.
- 4. Techno-Legal Services Prospectus of Livestock Sector in India • A balanced diet should provide around 50-60% of total calories from carbohydrates, preferably from complex carbohydrates, about 10-15% from proteins and 20-30% from both visible and invisible fat. • The ICMR recommended consuming 10.5 kilos of poultry meat and 180 eggs per annum, 110 litres per annum. Blog: Vijay Sardana Online
- 5. Techno-Legal Services Livestock Products Demand by 2024 to ensure minimum RDA as per ICMR • Milk : About 160 million tons • Poultry Meat @ 70% : About 10 million tons • @ 60% meat yield : About 16.66 million tons • Egg @ 70% : About 183 Billion eggs Or say 9.1 Million tons Blog: Vijay Sardana Online
- 6. Techno-Legal Services Feed Requirements for Livestock • Chicken Feed for Meat production : 30 million tons • Layer feed for Egg production : 23 million tons • Dairy Feed for Milk production : 112 million tons • Total feed Requirement : 160 million tons Blog: Vijay Sardana Online
- 7. Techno-Legal Services Water Requirement for Livestock Sector Blog: Vijay Sardana Online • Water for Meat production : 4,300 m 3 /ton • Water for Egg production : 3,300 m 3 /ton • Water for Milk production : 1,000 m 3 /ton Total Water Requirement : • Water for Meat production : 43,000 million m 3 • Water for Egg production : 33,000 million m3 • Water for Milk production : 160,000 million m3 • Total Water requirements : 236,000 million m3 • Total Water requirements : 236 Billion m3
- 8. Techno-Legal Services Water Situation in India • Central Water Commission is monitoring live storage status of 120 reservoirs of the country, the live storage capacity of 257.812 BCM which is estimated to have been created in the country. • Out of these reservoirs, 44 reservoirs have hydropower benefit with installed capacity of more than 60 MW. The total live storage capacity of these 120 reservoirs is 170.328 BCM which is about 66.06% of the live storage capacity of 257.812 BCM which is estimated to have been created in the country. • Total Water requirements for milk, chicken meat and egg production to feed India as per minimum nutritional recommendation as per ICMR by 2024 will be : 236 BCM Where is the water to produce Milk, Meat and Egg? Blog: Vijay Sardana Online
- 9. Techno-Legal Services Land use per livestock product Blog: Vijay Sardana Online • Land for Meat production : 9000 m2/ton • Land for Egg production : 5000 m2/ton • Land for Milk production : 1500 m 2/ton Total Land Requirement : • Land for Meat production : 9 million ha • Land for Egg production : 4.5 million ha • Land for Milk production : 24 million ha • Total Land requirements : 37.5 million ha • Total Land : 328.7 million ha : 11.4% of total land
- 10. Techno-Legal Services Conclusion • India must serious plan how to meet the growing demand animal products due to growing population and depleting natural resources. • Breed, feed and water all will be serous challenge. • Any disturbance in supply side will increase the consumer price and may open the market for large import of livestock products in to India. • This will impact the domestic production system and may impact farmers income due to low cost imported livestock products. • I can see complex situation emerging for rural income and food inflation. This will hurt both income and nutrition security. Blog: Vijay Sardana Online
- 11. Techno-Legal Services Open for discussion Thank you very much. Blog: Vijay Sardana Online Blog: Vijay Sardana Online