The operating system (os)
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The document discusses operating systems and their basic functions. It describes how operating systems control hardware allocation and resources, recognize input/output, manage files and directories. The main types are real-time, single-user single-tasking, single-user multitasking, and multi-user multitasking. Graphical user interfaces like Windows use visual objects like icons, windows and menus instead of text commands. Operating systems provide services like file management, printing, copying between programs, allocating memory, and processing input/output.
The operating system (os)
- 2. Operating System the foundation to any computer the actual software that controls the allocation and use of a computer’s hardware the most important program that runs on your computer 6/10/2013 2 CS FUNDAMENTALS
- 3. Operating System’s Basic Tasks 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 3 Recognizing input from the keyboard or mouse. Sending output to the monitor Keeping track of files and directories on the disk, and Controlling peripheral devices such as disk drives and printers.
- 4. Four Major Types 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 4 Real- time OS Single- User/ Single Tasking OS Single- User/ Multitasking OS Multi- User/ Multitasking OS
- 5. REAL TIME OS 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 5 Is a very fast, relatively small OS. Often embedded OS when they are built into the circuitry of a device and are not loaded from a disk drive. An application that responds to certain inputs extremely quickly. Needed to run medical diagnostics equipments, life- support systems, machinery, scientific instruments and industrial systems.
- 6. Single- User/ Single Tasking OS 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 6 Allows a single user to perform just one task at a time. MS- DOS is one example of a single- tasking OS. Do not require a powerful and expensive computer.
- 7. Single- User/ Multitasking OS 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 7 One that allows a single user to perform two or more functions at once. Examples are Microsoft Windows and Macintosh Operating System
- 8. Multi- User/ Multitasking OS 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 8 An operating system that allows multiple users to use programs that are simultaneously running on a single network server, called terminal server
- 9. Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 9 Enables the user to issue commands to the computer by using visual objects instead of typing commands. Windows is one of the several GUIs that use the desktop metaphor in which the background of the GUI is said to be a desktop on which you have your graphical tools.
- 10. Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 10 Shortcuts- small pictures on the desktop which represents links to the resources on the PC. Icon- the tiny graphic that represents an object, such as programs, folders, files, printers, and shortcuts. pointer- a small graphic that moves in reaction to mouse movements and choose or activate a shortcut
- 11. Elements of a Windows Desktop 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 11 Taskbar- appears at the bottom of the Windows desktop and is used to launch and manage programs. Start Button- is a permanent feature of the taskbar; it opens the Start menu when clicked. Start Menu- contains shortcut to programs and folders on your computer. Quick Launch Bar- a special section at the left end of the taskbar where you can add icons for the purpose of quickly starting programs.
- 12. Elements of a Windows Desktop 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 12 Shortcut menu or Context menu- small menu usually appears containing the most common commands associated with the object. Window- a rectangular frame where a running program appears. you access all the resources on your computer through windows.
- 13. Services an Operating System Provides 6/10/2013CS FUNDAMENTALS 13 Listing files Saving the contents of files to a disk Reading the contents of a file from disk to memory Sending a document to the printer and activating the printer Providing resources that let you copy or move data from one document to another, or from one program to another Allocating RAM among the running programs Recognizing keystrokes or mouse clicks and displaying characters or graphics on the screen