The role-of-5g-in-private-networks-for-industrial-iot (1)
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- 5G commercialization is expanding globally with over 200 million 5G handsets expected to ship in 2020 and over 40 countries having commercially deployed 5G networks. - 5G is expected to generate $13.2 trillion in economic value by 2035 by powering new industries and expanding the mobile ecosystem. - 5G private networks are being deployed by various companies and are poised for growth, providing benefits such as optimized and dedicated networks, security, and independence. Mobile operators are well positioned to deploy and manage 5G private networks.
The role-of-5g-in-private-networks-for-industrial-iot (1)
- 1. Dr. Rajat Prakash Principal Engineer Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 15 October 2020 @qualcomm
- 2. 2 2 40+ Countries with 5G commercially deployed 200M 5G handsets expected to ship in 2020 95+ Mobile operators with commercial live 5G networks 5G commercialization moving into the mainstream EU 43 Operators in 17 Countries NA 9 Operators in 2 Countries LATAM 4 Operators in 3 Countries MEA 17 Operators in 8 Countries Asia 16 Operators in 6 Countries SEA 9 Operators in 5 Countries Sub-6 Sub-6 + mmWave (launched or scheduled) Sources – GSA: 5G Market Snapshot Member Report – June 2020; Qualcomm estimates (2020 projection is at mid-point of guidance range), Nov. ‘19
- 3. Delivering on the 5G vision Continue expansion to new verticals, deployments, use cases, spectrum Future-proof platform Rel-17+ long-term expansion • Lower complexity NR-Light • Boundless extended reality (XR) • Higher precision positioning and more… Rel-15 eMBB focus • 5G NR foundation • Smartphones, FWA, PC • Expanding to venues, enterprises Rel-16 industry expansion • eURLLC and TSN for IIoT • NR in unlicensed (NR-U) • Positioning 1 3GPP start date indicates approval of study package (study item → work item → specifications), previous release continues beyond start of next release with functional freezes and ASN.1 • 5G V2X sidelink multicast • In-band eMTC/NB-IoT Rel-15 NR Driving the 5G technology evolution LTE essential part of the 5G platform Rel-15 commercialization Commercialization of Rel-16, 17, and future releases Rel-18+ evolution Rel-171 Rel-161 2018 2020 2019 2022 2021 2023+ We are here
- 4. 4 * The 5G Economy, an independent study from IHS Markit, Penn Schoen Berland and Berkeley Research Group, commissioned by Qualcomm $389B Precision agriculture $1,061B Construction and mining $258B Digitized education $1,056B Connected healthcare $2,291B Richer mobile experiences $4,687B Smart manufacturing $1,198B Intelligent retail $2,242B Connected smart cities $13.2 Trillion Powering the digital economy In global economic value by 2035* 5G will expand the mobile ecosystem to new industries
- 5. 5 Enhanced mobile broadband Massive IoT Ultra-reliable low-latency Automated guided vehicle (AGV) Wireless edge analytics Computer vision Sensors Head mounted display Industrial robot Handheld terminal
- 6. Emerging dedicated private networks for targeted needs
- 7. 7 Autonomous ride share Real-time traffic Personal concierge, e.g., smart ticketing Personalized in-seat concession Real-time smart parking status Indoor seat navigation UHD surveillance camera Enhanced immersive audio Reliable and consistent mobile broadband Delivering better customer venue experiences 5G private network
- 8. Coverage, capacity, and, mobility Outdoor/indoor, high data speeds, seamless handovers, public network fallback Reliability and precise timing Industrial grade reliability, latency and synchronization (eURLLC3 and TSN4) Interoperability Global standard, vast ecosystem, future proof with rich 5G roadmap 5G private networks bring benefits to industry and enterprise Optimized Tailored performance for local applications, e.g., low latency, QoS2 Dedicated Local network, dedicated resources, independently managed Secure Cellular grade security, sensitive data stays on-premise Public network fallback Private network1 1. Also referred to as non-public network (NPN); 2. Quality of service; 3. Enhanced ultra-reliable low-latency communication; 4 Time sensitive network
- 9. Licensed spectrum assets Existing sales channels 5G private networks: An opportunity for mobile operators To deploy, manage, or offer as a service, both in licensed and unlicensed spectrum Expertise in mobile networks Relevant expertise in deploying, optimizing, operating mobile networks Existing ecosystem relationships Dedicate a portion for private networks Spectrum may be under-utilized in industrial areas Reuse mmWave spectrum indoors, such as for private enterprise network Already provide services to many industrial and enterprise customers Multiple business opportunities, from deploy to offer private network as a service
- 10. Public network+slice Subscription Control Gateway Services Multiple private network architectures for flexible deployments Integrated private network Private network Gateway Services Firewall Independent private network1 Private network Subscription Control Gateway Services Firewall Public network Subscription Control Gateway Services 1) Mobility between private and public networks can still be supported via dual subscriptions
- 11. 11 Yangquan Coal Industry 3 Jun. 2020 http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202006/03/WS5ed78e2da310a8b24115aad1.html Toyota 23 Jun. 2020 https://www.lightreading.com/private-networks/toyota-to-assess-5g-private-network-in-japanese-manufacturing-center/d/d-id/761904 Ford 25 Jun. 2020 https://newscentre.vodafone.co.uk/news/how-ford-and-vodafone-are-creating-the-5g-factory-of-the-future/ Lufthansa 27 Feb. 2020 https://www.vodafone.com/business/news-and-insights/company-news/lufthansa-technik-and-vodafone-business-launch-5g-private-network Verizon 22 Jun. 2020 https://www.eetimes.com/verizon-taps-partners-to-build-5g-private-networks/ 5G private networks poised for growth Growing momentum with early commercial deployments A vibrant, global ecosystem led by 5G-ACIA, ready to scale Comprehensive support for 5G private networks in 3GPP Rel-16 ASE 18 Aug. 2020 https://ase.aseglobal.com/en/press_room/content/5g_smart_factory_en 5G-Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation (5G-ACIA) Ensure the best possible applicability of 5G technology for connected industries, in particular the manufacturing and process industries https://www.5g-acia.org/ Manufacturing and process operators Collaboration with global industry bodies Technology providers Network operators Spectrum advocacy Group ADP, Hub One & Air France 10 Jul. 2020 https://www.air101.co.uk/2020/02/adp-group-company-hub-one-gets-10-year.html
- 12. 12 For better coordination, scalable capacity, faster deployments, lower latency, and new use cases BBU: Baseband unit; DU: Distributed unit; vBBU: Virtual baseband unit; vCore: Virtual core network; vCU: Virtual central unit; MEC: Multi-access Edge Computing Evolving the 5G network Virtual RAN (vRAN) + MEC Virtualized baseband processing unit with disaggregation RU DU RU RU DU RU Internet Core hub Edge data centers Cell site Cell site Backhaul Midhaul Centralized RAN (C-RAN) Centralized baseband processing unit RU Radio Cell site Cell site Fronthaul RU Radio Internet Core hub C-RAN hubs Backhaul Traditional RAN Combined baseband processing unit + Radio unit Internet Core hub Cell site Cell site Backhaul RU BBU Radio RU BBU Radio RU BBU vCU vCore MEC
- 13. 13 Reduce end-to-end latency with 5G and MEC for industrial IoT and delay-sensitive applications, e.g. Boundless XR Support multiple services by deploying network and compute resources opportunistically for various latency, throughput and reliability needs DU: Distributed unit; MEC: Multi-access edge compute; PHY: Physical layer; RU: Radio unit; vCore: Virtual core network; vCU: Virtual central unit; vRAN: Virtual radio access network; vUPF: Virtual user plane function Transform industry and enterprise with 5G, vRAN and MEC Increase data security and privacy by keeping data local and physically secure DU RU Core hub Edge data centers Small cell Small cell Backhaul vUPE MEC 5G public network 5G private network vCore Private data sources Secure use of private data RU DU Midhaul vCU Increase availability and scalability • by using common edge compute resources for both vRAN and MEC • by independently scaling resources for control plane and user plane traffic DU RU Core hub Edge data centers Small cell Small cell Backhaul vUPE MEC 5G public network 5G private network vCore Private data sources Secure use of private data Seamless access to public data RU DU Midhaul vCU DU RU Core hub Edge data centers Small cell Small cell Backhaul vUPE MEC 5G public network 5G private network vCore Private data sources Secure use of private data Seamless access to public data RU DU Midhaul vCU DU RU Core hub Edge data centers Small cell Small cell Backhaul vUPE MEC 5G public network 5G private network vCore Private data sources Secure use of private data Seamless access to public data RU DU Midhaul vCU
- 14. 14 Edge cloud On-device On-device AI, processing, sensing, vision,… augmented by edge cloud New experiences Distributed autonomy Processing over 5G Customized/local value Privacy/security Private/public networks Immediacy Personalization Reliability Efficiency Process data closest to the source to scale for massive amount of data and connected things The intelligent wireless edge
- 15. 15 Local network Local gateway and/or local core network functions On-device Sensitive traffic/data stays on site Enables ultra-low latency High performance AI Edge cloud Access Machines Sensors Wi-Fi BLE 15.4 W-HART Wired Gateway Security Analytics Various degree of on-devices capabilities Sensor fusion Computer vision Low-power processing On-device intelligence Cloud services Big data analytics Cloud analytics and virtualized core network functions Keep data and AI local for privacy and responsiveness Firewall
- 16. Digital twins for predictive maintenance Real-time asset tracking and forecasting Untethered collaboration with low latency Drive new efficiencies and innovation with an integrated 5G private network and edge Cloud 5G network APIs open interfaces with the private edge to facilitate: • Responsive interactivity • Distributed AI • Cloud processing Private network Private edge API: Application programming interface Public edge APIs Firewall
- 17. 17 6-DoF head pose Encoded data On-device adjustment to latest pose1 XR headset Deeper in network On-premise, e.g. venue with rendering Cloud Augment on-device processing for boundless photorealistic mobile XR 1. Asynchronous time warp reduces Motion to Photon (MTP) latency by using on-device processing based on the latest available pose. MTP below 20 ms generally avoids discomfort — has to be processed on the device Edge Cloud Partial rendering offload possible with 5G’s low latency, capacity and quality of service Power-efficient, latency sensitive on-device rendering and tracking Today’s latency is unpredictable Less latency sensitive content (e.g. recorded streaming video) with on-device processing
- 18. 18 Extending AI technologies to the cloud AI + 5G strategy to enable distributed intelligence at scale Imaging & video Voice Wi-Fi Audio Sensors Device Connectivity Edge cloud Cloud Input Technology Processing Technology Cloud AI 100 Qualcomm Snapdragon and Qualcomm Cloud AI are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. 5G Common HW & SW Platform
- 19. Global snapshot of spectrum optimized for private network use — local licensing or sharing USA Germany Australia Hong Kong • 3.5 GHz CBRS, exclusive & shared licenses, deployments in 2H19 • 37 - 37.6 GHz shared spectrum/local licenses, under evaluation U.K. Sweden Finland Japan • 3.7 – 3.8 GHz • 24.25 - 27.5 GHz, local licenses, under consultation • Local licenses. Assignment complete; available 2H 2019 • 3.8 - 4.2 GHz • 24.25 - 26.5 GHz, local licenses, applications open since end of 2019 • Local licenses (50 meters square); regulator database; decision formalized; applications invited from end 2019 • 3.72 - 3.8 GHz, in consultations • Sub-licensing of 3.4 - 3.8 GHz • Local permission via operator lease; assignment complete • Phase 1: 2,575 - 2,595 MHz (NSA anchor) and 28.2 - 28.3 GHz; local licenses, legislated in December 2019 • Phase 2: 1888.5 - 1916.6 MHz (NSA anchor), 4.6 - 4.9 GHz (4.6 - 4.8 GHz indoor only, 4.8 - 4.9 GHz outdoor possible) & 28.3 - 29.1 GHz (150 MHz outdoor use; total 250 MHz range 28.2 – 28.45 MHz); local license. Consultation 3Q20, legislation 4Q20. Uplink heavy TDD config. using semi-sync is allowed in sub-6 & 28 GHz • 24.25 - 27.5 GHz and 27.5 – 29.5 for final consultation in 1H20 • 24.25 - 28.35 (400 MHz), local licenses; regulator approval. Approved; available 3Q19 Netherland France • 3.5 GHz for local industrial use; 3.7 - 3.8 GHz (in consultations); 2.3 - 2.4 GHz (licensed shared access online booking system) • 3.5 GHz for local industrial use; however users may need to move to 3.7 - 3.8 GHz, if allocated; 2.3 GHz approved for PMSE • 2.6 GHz, regulator database & approval. Up to 40 MHz approved for Professional Mobile Radio Malaysia Singapore New Zealand • 26.5 – 28.1 GHz will be assigned for the deployment of local/private networks • Each operator will be allowed to acquire 800 MHz of 26/28 GHz spectrum to deploy local networks • Licenses in 2575 – 2620 MHz may be assigned for localized use Czech Republic • 3.4 - 3.44 GHz for private networks Brazil • 3.7 – 3.8 GHz, under consideration • 27.5 – 27.9 GHz, allocation completed • 3.75 – 3.8 GHz, allocation completed at end of 2019 Chile
- 20. 20 20 Rel-16 introduces NR in unlicensed spectrum Unlicensed spectrum is combined with other licensed or shared spectrum as anchor Only unlicensed spectrum is used Unlock more spectrum globally New markets and verticals New deployment scenarios Anchored NR-U Standalone NR-U Unlicensed NR-U spectrum ≤ 100 MHz UL BW ≤ 400 MHz DL BW Unlicensed NR-U spectrum Licensed or shared anchor spectrum ≤ 100 MHz UL BW ≤ 400 MHz DL BW FDD TDD
- 21. 21 LPI 250 MHz 6 GHz brings new unlicensed bandwidth for Wi-Fi and 5G United States 5 GHz 580 MHz of unlicensed bandwidth 6 GHz 1200 MHz of unlicensed bandwidth 2.4 GHz AFC= Automated frequency control, DFS= Dynamic Frequency Selection, LPI= Low power indoor 100 MHz 83.5 MHz DFS 255 MHz 125 MHz AFC Standard power AFC Standard power LPI 100 MHz DFS 100 MHz LPI 350 MHz LPI 500 MHz Outdoor + Indoor Outdoor + Indoor Outdoor + Indoor Outdoor + Indoor Indoor Indoor Outdoor + Indoor UNII-1 UNII-2A UNII-2C UNII-3 UNII-5 UNII-6 UNII-7 UNII-8 Power A massive amount of new unlicensed spectrum is now available in the U.S. for Wi-Fi 6E and 5G
- 22. 22 Scalable wireless connectivity on a future proof platform Dedicated and reliable networks optimized for local services Capabilities for new use cases e.g. wireless Industrial Ethernet Private 5G network Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) Licensed, shared and unlicensed Spectrum Positioning Designing 5G to meet industrial IoT requirements URLLC TSN Spectrum Ethernet and
- 23. 23 5G NR supports many industrial IoT use cases today 3GPP Rel-16 brings additional capabilities Private 5G network URLLC Spectrum Positioning • Low latency • Ultra-reliability • CoMP multi-TRP • Service multiplexing • Enhanced mobility With NR-U, 5G NR will support: • Licensed spectrum • Shared spectrum • Unlicensed spectrum • Ethernet over 5G with PDU session support • Deterministic networking • Device time synch. • Unique network ID • Integrated and independent architectures • Seamless fallback to public networks • Network & device based • Industrial IoT requirements TSN Ethernet and
- 24. 24 Industrial Ethernet, e.g., PROFINET Controllers Servers Proxy Other field-busses Remote I/O Machinery Upgrading existing industrial networks with wireless 5G Core network Small cells UE 5G / Ethernet adaptation 5G / Ethernet adaptation 5G Industrial Ethernet, e.g., PROFINET Controllers Servers Proxy Other field-busses Remote I/O Machinery
- 25. 25 Ethernet header Payload 5G brings support for Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) A requirement for industrial automation and many other industrial IoT applications gPTP Packet Timestamp and correction Computation of Correction Field 5G TSN adapter UE TSN adapter gNB 5G core QoS Backhaul Air link Ethernet 5G as TSN bridge 5G TSN adapters allow the 5G system to act as a TSN bridge with Ethernet connectivity Mapping of TSN configurations to 5G QoS framework for deterministic messaging and traffic shaping Precise time synchronization with generalized Precision Time Protocol (gPTP) at microsecond level 1 The TSN network is controlled by a Central Network Controller (CNC). TSN and CNC are defined in a set of standards specified by IEEE 802.1. User plane Control plane QoS 5G system time gPTP Packet Timestamp and correction TSN device TSN network and controller1 TSN master clock TSN client clock Ethernet TSN config. Ethernet header Payload Payload 5G header Payload Compressed ethernet header
- 26. 26 5G CoMPachieves ultra-reliability Spatial diversity for eURLLC 1 to reach 99.9999% reliability 2 TRP 3 gNB Distributed Units gNB Centralized Unit and CoMP server • Other diversity methods such as frequency and time diversity are not sufficient for URLLC • CoMP is facilitated by denser deployment of small cells with high bandwidth backhaul Coordinated Multi Point (CoMP) creates spatial diversity with redundant communication paths TRP TRP 1. Enhanced ultra-reliable low latency communication; 2. A performance requirements for communication service availability in 3GPP TS 22.104; 3. Transmission/Reception Point
- 28. 28 28 ACPC: Always-connected personal computer Multi-Gigabit speeds with virtually unlimited capacity Seamless inside-out mobility Reuse licensed spectrum with inside-out mmWave isolation Private 5G NR indoor network with cellular grade security Commercially available ACPCs and smartphones, and soon 5G xR glasses Next level of untethering — the mobile office of future Instant cloud applications, instant cloud storage access Extreme capacity for heavy use areas—conference room Connect to projectors/screens with immersive content Complemented with outdoor connectivity Beyond laptops: Augmented and virtual reality (XR) Boosting enterprise productivity with 5G private networks Complement Wi-Fi with mmWave
- 29. 29 29 5G NR mmWave for higher-density indoor enterprise 1 Coverage simulation based on MAPL (maximum allowable path loss) analysis with ray tracer propagation model and measured material and propagation loss; minimum 0.4/0.1 bps/Hz for downlink/uplink data and control; 2 Maximum Allowable Path Loss; 3 Using 800 MHz Dl bandwidth and 100 MHz uplink bandwidth with 7:1 DL:UL TDD Co-siting 5G NR mmWave gNodeB antennas with existing Wi-Fi access points Achieving significant coverage at 28 GHz1 • Downlink coverage of ~98% with 115 dB MAPL2 • Uplink coverage of ~99% with 117 dB MAPL2 For always-connected enterprise use cases • Downlink median burst rate3 of 5 Gbps • Extreme capacity for virtually unlimited data access fueling laptops, tablets, smartphones, and more Existing Wi-Fi access points on ceiling Existing Wi-Fi access point locations — co-sited with 5G NR mmWave antenna locations (each 128x2 elements & 16 horizontal beams) Total area: ~27.6k ft2 Path loss (dB) > -60 > -70 > -80 > -90 > -100 > -110 > -115 > -120
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