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@gil_zilberfeld
The untold
(user) story
@gil_zilberfeld
Hello!
I AM GIL ZILBERFELD
www.gilzilberfeld.com
www.everydayunittesting.com
@gil_zilberfeld
@gil_zilberfeld
What are user stories anyway?
@gil_zilberfeld
A user story
As a User
I want to press the “Send” button
In order to make the payment
@gil_zilberfeld
“The original intent is that
what you build is *so*
amazing that users tell
stories about how
amazing it is.”
Kent Beck
@gil_zilberfeld
What’s the story?
◉ The who, why and what of stories
◉ Effective stories
◉ Slicing stories
◉ Story mapping
@gil_zilberfeld
@gil_zilberfeld
Stakeholder
“An individual, group, or
organization, who may
affect, be affected by, or
perceive itself to be affected
by a decision, activity, or
outcome of a project.”
@gil_zilberfeld
Stakeholders
◉ Users
◉ Customers
◉ Builders
◉ Regulators
◉ Bystanders
@gil_zilberfeld
Categorizing stakeholders
◉ Roles
◉ Jobs to be done (JTBD)
◉ What’s important for them?
◉ How does the product impact their lives?
@gil_zilberfeld
@gil_zilberfeld
Goal
“A goal is a desired
result that a person or a
system envisions, plans
and commits to
achieve.”
@gil_zilberfeld
Goals
◉ What do the stakeholders want to achieve?
◉ Goals can be defined as outcomes
◉ More, Better, faster, cheaper…
@gil_zilberfeld
@gil_zilberfeld
Capability
“An ability to perform or
achieve certain actions or
outcomes through a set of
controllable and measurable
faculties, features, functions,
processes, or services.”
@gil_zilberfeld
Capabilities
◉ How can our product help the stakeholder
achieve their goal?
◉ Product gives capabilities
◉ Features in context
@gil_zilberfeld
Stakeholders
Goals
Capabilities
Stories
@gil_zilberfeld
Effective stories
@gil_zilberfeld
How does the “As a user…” format help us?
And when it doesn’t?
@gil_zilberfeld
Ron Jeffries said
As an author of the Agile Manifesto
I want that stupid story format to go away
So that people can get to the essence of user
stories
@gil_zilberfeld
“A user story is a
ticket for a
conversation”
Ron Jeffries
@gil_zilberfeld
@gil_zilberfeld
What makes stories effective?
@gil_zilberfeld
Better user stories
◉ Unveil the motive – what is the goal and for
which stakeholder?
◉ Consider dropping the template
◉ Tell the story in a sentence or two
◉ Anchor it – how does it fit with what we have or
know?
@gil_zilberfeld
Better user stories
◉ Describe the demo
◉ Give more context
◉ The general rules
◉ And the exception to the rules
@gil_zilberfeld
Questions about the stories
◉ Are the stories ready for work?
◉ How complex are they?
◉ Do they fit in a sprint?
◉ Do we need to do a POC?
◉ Does the story have sub-stories?
◉ What alternatives do we have for
implementation?
◉ What will we learn?
@gil_zilberfeld
@gil_zilberfeld
@gil_zilberfeld
SFDIPOT – A slicing heuristic
@gil_zilberfeld
@gil_zilberfeld
Story Mapping
“A technique that takes a
user-centric perspective for
generating a set of user
stories.”
@gil_zilberfeld
User Story Mapping
http://www.amazon.com/User-Story-Mapping-Discover-Product/dp/1491904909
@gil_zilberfeld
User Story Mapping - Examples
https://realtimeboard.com/examples/user-story-map/
@gil_zilberfeld
User Story Mapping - Examples
http://agileconsulting.blogspot.co.il/2012/05/integrating-story-mapping-with-kanban.html
@gil_zilberfeld
Summary
◉ Identify the stakeholders, their goals, and the
capabilities
◉ Effective stories have enough information to start
discussing working
◉ Story maps give us direction by showing the
whole picture
@gil_zilberfeld
Thanks!
ANY QUESTIONS?
You can find me at:
@gil_zilberfeld
http://www.GilZilberfeld.com
http://www.EverydayUnitTesting.com

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The Untold User Story

Editor's Notes

  • #5: Good narrative, but cannot be tested
  • #21: Good narrative, but cannot be tested
  • #25: Drop the template.  Like everything, once we have a hammer we start looking for nails. Sometimes the template doesn't fit. That's ok. In that case... Tell the story in a sentence. Maybe two. When people are presented with a new idea, don't make them read heaps of documents. Sum it up, so they can grasp it quickly. Details can come later. And make sure it's a story, with a beginning, middle and an end. People remember and consume stories better. You can even sing it if you want, that would make it more memorable. Next you want to... Anchor it. You know the "It's like Uber, but for...?" pitch form every start up  is using? Everybody knows Uber, so they have something to reference the new information. In story-land it's how the story fits into the application. "It's like the log-in story from last week, but with extra validation". Or, "Once we've done with the simple path, we can add more informed algorithms". You're showing where we were, where we're going, and where this story fits. Then it gets interesting. Unveil the motive. Why are we developing this anyway? Who is going to benefit and how? The user may be able to go through registration quicker, and that means more happy users. Or we, the company, gets more money from the dog accessories suppliers, if we're able to connect our users based on their level of pet appreciation. There's a reason we're developing the feature, and it really helps to know the final goal. In some cases, we can debunk it, and choose something better to do with our time. Once people understand the motive... Make a show. How does it look like? You have prepared some mock-up screens, or sketches, or drawing of a flow, or anything that has more meat, right? Ah, you need to prepare for this, young Padawan. It will help, not just with explaining it, but it's a also the setting for... Give it context.Now that things begin to materialize, it's time for an example. You can present the flow on those mocked screens. Or how a different application might be using our new API. How future features will be using our back-end  calculation results. Context is awesome! We can use it to direct the team towards... Generalize. Do we start with the example and just implement it? Should we write a more extensive data validation layer, and then test it? Somewhere in between? An example is not enough for development, because we need to know where to stop. And we need to know how to test. This really helps with defining the acceptance criteria. The final step is... Draw a line in the sand. Some things do not fall into our general rule.  VIPs do not need to enter their credentials again. Anonymous users can use the applications, but will go through a separate flow we'll define later. Anything that does not fall within our boundaries, should be presented. Otherwise, we would implement it, and test it, and we will be surprised. And we don't like surprises.
  • #26: Drop the template.  Like everything, once we have a hammer we start looking for nails. Sometimes the template doesn't fit. That's ok. In that case... Tell the story in a sentence. Maybe two. When people are presented with a new idea, don't make them read heaps of documents. Sum it up, so they can grasp it quickly. Details can come later. And make sure it's a story, with a beginning, middle and an end. People remember and consume stories better. You can even sing it if you want, that would make it more memorable. Next you want to... Anchor it. You know the "It's like Uber, but for...?" pitch form every start up  is using? Everybody knows Uber, so they have something to reference the new information. In story-land it's how the story fits into the application. "It's like the log-in story from last week, but with extra validation". Or, "Once we've done with the simple path, we can add more informed algorithms". You're showing where we were, where we're going, and where this story fits. Then it gets interesting. Unveil the motive. Why are we developing this anyway? Who is going to benefit and how? The user may be able to go through registration quicker, and that means more happy users. Or we, the company, gets more money from the dog accessories suppliers, if we're able to connect our users based on their level of pet appreciation. There's a reason we're developing the feature, and it really helps to know the final goal. In some cases, we can debunk it, and choose something better to do with our time. Once people understand the motive... Make a show. How does it look like? You have prepared some mock-up screens, or sketches, or drawing of a flow, or anything that has more meat, right? Ah, you need to prepare for this, young Padawan. It will help, not just with explaining it, but it's a also the setting for... Give it context.Now that things begin to materialize, it's time for an example. You can present the flow on those mocked screens. Or how a different application might be using our new API. How future features will be using our back-end  calculation results. Context is awesome! We can use it to direct the team towards... Generalize. Do we start with the example and just implement it? Should we write a more extensive data validation layer, and then test it? Somewhere in between? An example is not enough for development, because we need to know where to stop. And we need to know how to test. This really helps with defining the acceptance criteria. The final step is... Draw a line in the sand. Some things do not fall into our general rule.  VIPs do not need to enter their credentials again. Anonymous users can use the applications, but will go through a separate flow we'll define later. Anything that does not fall within our boundaries, should be presented. Otherwise, we would implement it, and test it, and we will be surprised. And we don't like surprises.