Tonsilitis
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Tonsillitis is the inflammation of the tonsils, primarily affecting children and often caused by common viruses or bacteria, notably Streptococcus pyogenes. Symptoms include red, swollen tonsils, sore throat, fever, and lymph node swelling, while complications may involve breathing difficulties and infections. Management may include antibiotics and, in severe cases, tonsillectomy.
Tonsilitis
- 1. TONSILITIS Presented by: Mr. Abhay Rajpoot
- 2. DEFINITION Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, two oval-shaped pads of tissue at the back of the throat — one tonsil on each side.
- 3. RISK FACTORS Young age. Tonsillitis most often occurs in children, but rarely in those younger than age 2. Tonsillitis caused by bacteria is most common in children ages 5 to 15, while viral tonsillitis is more common in younger children. Frequent exposure to germs. School-age children are in close contact with their peers and frequently exposed to viruses or bacteria that can cause tonsillitis.
- 4. ETIOLOGY Tonsillitis is most often caused by common viruses, but bacterial infections can also be the cause. The most common bacterium causing tonsillitis is Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus), the bacterium that causes strep throat
- 6. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Red, swollen tonsils White or yellow coating or patches on the tonsils Sore throat Difficult or painful swallowing Fever Enlarged, tender glands (lymph nodes) in the neck A scratchy, muffled or throaty voice Bad breath Stomachache, particularly in younger children Stiff neck Headache
- 8. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION History Physical examination Throat swab Blood counts Culture studies
- 9. COMPLICATIONS Difficulty breathing Disrupted breathing during sleep (obstructive sleep apnea) Infection that spreads deep into surrounding tissue (tonsillar cellulitis) Infection that results in a collection of pus behind a tonsil (peritonsillar abscess)
- 10. MANAGEMENT Antibiotic therapy Eg- Penicillin Tonsillectomy