Top 10 Network Troubleshooting Commands.pdf
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The document outlines the top 10 network troubleshooting commands, including their purposes and usage in both Windows and Linux environments. It covers commands such as 'ping', 'traceroute', 'ipconfig', and 'netstat' among others, detailing specific arguments and examples for practical application. Mastery of these commands is encouraged to improve network troubleshooting skills.
Top 10 Network Troubleshooting Commands.pdf
- 1. TechPrane technology for good Top 10 Network Troubleshooting Commands Mulenga Yumba Joe Nyirenda
- 2. Learning Objectives ● Identify key network troubleshooting commands ● Learn common command arguments ● Execute commands in a command-Line Interface ● Practical application of troubleshooting commands ● Troubleshooting using command argument
- 3. Command #1: Ping - Test basic connectivity Purpose: To check if the host is reachable and measures response time Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example (Linux) Description -t -c ping -c 5 google.com Continuous ping or specify the number of packets -a -a ping -a 8.8.8.8 Resolve the IP address to the hostname -l -s ping -s 1000 google.com Specify packet size
- 4. Command #2: traceroute/ tracert - Trace packet path Purpose: Display the packet path to reach the destination and identifies problematic hops. Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description tracert traceroute -n traceroute google.com Show numerical IP addresses only (skip DNS resolutions) tracert -h traceroute -h traceroute -h 10 google Specify the maximum number of hops tracert -w traceroute -w traceroute -w 1000 google.com Set a timeout for each response
- 5. Command #3: ipconfig/ifconfig -network configurations Purpose: View IP address, subnet, gateway, and DNS details. Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description ipconfig /all ifconfig ifconfig Display all network details ifconfig eth0 ifconfig eth0 Shows details for a specific interface ifconfig down/up ifconfig eth0 down Disable or enable a network interface
- 6. Command #4: nslookup - Diagnose DNS issues Purpose: Resolves domain names to IP addresses Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description nslookup nslookup nslookup google.com 8.8.8.8 Specify a DNS to query nslookup -type=mx nslookup -type=mx nslookup -type=mx gmail.com Query specific DNS record types nslookup -debug nslookup -debug nslookup -debug gmail.com Show detailed query information
- 7. Command #5: netstat - Active connections and ports Purpose: View active connections, listening ports, and network stats Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description netstat -a netstat -a netstat -a Show all active connections and listening ports netstat -an netstat -an netstat -an Display addresses in numerical form (skip name resolution) netstat -b Show executable involved in each connection
- 8. Command #6: arp - ARP table for IP-MAC mapping Purpose: ARP maps IP addresses to MAC addresses. Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description arp -a arp -a arp -a Display ARP table arp -d arp -d arp -d 192.168.1.1 Delete an entry from the ARP cache arp -s arp -s arp -s 192.168.1.10 00-1A-2B-3C-4D-5E Add a static ARP entry
- 9. Command #7: route - View and modify routing table Purpose: Display and modify routing table. Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description route print route -n route -n Displays the routing table route add route add route add 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 Add a static route route delete route delete route delete 192.168.1.0 Remove a specific route
- 10. Command #8: dig - Advanced DNS query tool Purpose: detailed DNS troubleshooting Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description dig @ dig @8.8.8.8 google.com Query a specific DNS server dig <domain name> +short dig google.com +short Display a short, summarized output dig -t MX dig -t MX gmail.com Query specific record type
- 11. Command #9: tcpdump - Capture and analyze packets Purpose: Captures packets in real time for diagnostic Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description tcpdump -i <interface> tcpdump -i eth0 Specify the network interface to monitor tcpdump -n tcpdump -n Show IP address instead of resolving hostnames tcpdump <port number> tcpdump port 80 Filter packets by a specific port
- 12. Command #10: curl/ wget - Test HTTP/HTTPS Purpose: Test access to web servers or APIs Command (Windows) Command (Linux) Example(Linux) Description curl -I curl -I curl -I https://google.com Fetch HTTP headers only (curl) curl -o curl -o curl -o page.html https://example.com Save output to a file wget —-spider wget –-spider https://google.com Check connectivity without downloading
- 13. Conclusion Practice these commands to build confidence in troubleshooting your networks Master these tools, and you will be solving networking issues like a pro