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TSEM 102:
Plagiarism and
APA Style
Laksamee Putnam – Research
& Instruction Librarian
Slides:
http://bit.ly/TSEM2013class3
First…




Laksamee Putnam
lputnam@towson.edu
Cook Library Reference:









410.704.2462.
IM/email

Phone: 410.704.3746.
Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
Albert S. Cook facebook profile
Slides: http://bit.ly/TSEM2013class3
Agenda
 Class

discussion

 APA

citation style

 APA

worksheet

 Slides:

http://bit.ly/TSEM2013class3
Image by Duane Hoffmann
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32657885

It’s out there, why not reuse it?
Webb, S. (2012, December 12).
Photographer finds artist has painted
near exact copies of his pictures…
after seeing them on sale in a gallery
for $4,000. The Daily Mail. Retrieved
from http://bit.ly/XgG1MG

• Plagiarism can come in many different forms. What
is your experience with plagiarism?
• You are writing an annotated bibliography for this
class. What are some of the benefits of the
annotated bibliography assignment?
Pre-class citation
Cite this article: http://bit.ly/RYQ2Nz
Kinlaw, C.R., Dunlap, L.L., & D’Angelo, J.A.
(2012). Relations between faculty use of
online academic resources and student
class attendance. Computers &
Education, 59(2), 167-172.
doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.028
APA Style
 Citations
APA Style
 References
Style Manuals
 Different

disciplines use different
style manuals


Social Sciences = American
Psychological Association (APA)



Humanities = MLA Handbook for
Writers of Research Papers (MLA)
The point is…
 Acknowledge

where you found the

information
 Briefly identify the source
 Allows others to find additional
information
What needs to be cited?










Books
Web Pages
Magazine articles
Graphics
VHS,DVD, audio, etc.
Government reports
Statistics
Encyclopedia articles
Any source of information!
What needs to be cited?
 Direct

quotes
 Ideas borrowed
 Paraphrased material
In-text Citation needs:
 Direct





Quote

All authors’ last names
Year of publication
Page number

 Paraphrase



All authors’ last names
Year of publication
Direct Quote: In-text citation
 As

researchers Yanovski and Yanovski
(2002) have explained, obesity was once
considered “either a moral failing or
evidence of underlying
psychopathology” (p. 592).
OR
 A relationship is defined as “the
interdependence between two or more
people” (Coombs, 2001, p.106).
Direct Quote: In-text citation
 Longer


than 40 words?

Indented five spaces from left margin in
block format

 Usually

it is better to paraphrase
The wrong way to paraphrase:
Failure to Cite Source





Original
“They desire, for
example, virtue and
the absence of vice,
no less really than
pleasure and the
absence of pain.”
Source: Mill, John Stuart.
“Utilitarianism.” On Liberty and
Other Essays. New York: Oxford
University Press, 1998. Quote is
from page 169.

 Paraphrase


People want
morality just as much
as they want
happiness.
The wrong way to paraphrase:
Lack of Significant Rewording





Original
“To the young
American architects
who made the
pilgrimage, the most
dazzling figure of all
was Walter Gropius,
founder of the
Bauhaus School.”
Source: Wolfe, Tom. From Bauhaus
to Our House. New York: Farrar
Straus Giroux, 1981. Quote is from
page 10.

 Paraphrase


To young American
architects who went
to Germany, the
most dazzling figure
was Walter Gropius,
founder of the
Bauhaus School
(Wolfe, 1981).
In-text Citations


More than one author


Two authors





Greenfield and Savage (1990)
(Greenfield & Savage, 1990, p. 567)

Three to five authors


You must first identify all of the authors either in the signal phrase or the
first citation.





After you have identified all, you may use “et al.”





Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) believed…
(Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, & Bever, 1979)
Terrace et al. (1979) stated……
(Terrace et al., 1979)

Six or more authors


Use first authors last name and then et al.
In-text Citations
 Organization






as author

Government or other organization
Use organization name as author in signal
phrase
Use organization in parenthetical citation
The National Institute of Mental Health
(2001)…
(National Institute of Mental Health, 2001)
Special cases
 If

you have more than one author with
the same last name, use the first initial in
the citation


(Smith, A., 2002)

 If

you have more than one work in the
same year by the same author, use letters
a, b, c, etc. to indicate correct source


(Entman, 2004a)
References


The in-text citation must match up with the references
entry



Use the heading “References” at the top of a new
page



List entries alphabetically


Author’s last name (if no author, then by organization
name or title)



Double space each entry



No extra spaces between entries



If over one line, entry should have a hanging indent
TSEM Fa2013 Class 3
References – Books


Create a reference for this book



Book authors or editors:



Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial



Date of publication:



Book Title:



Publication information:



City and state
Publisher
References – Books


Create a reference for this book



Book authors or editors: Grant, J.



Date of publication: (1994).



Book Title: I hate school!: Some common
sense answers for educators & parents who
want to know why & what to do about it



Publication information: Rosemont, NJ:
Modern Learning Press.
Book Example
Grant, S. (1994). I hate school!: Some common sense

answers for educators & parents who want to
know why & what to do about it. Rosemont, NJ:
Modern Learning Press.

Notes:
1.
2.
3.

Periods must follow first letter of author’s name and middle initial,
publication date, book title, and publisher.
Book title is always in italics.
Only capitalize the first letter of book title, any letter following a colon (:),
and proper nouns.
References – Journals


Create a reference for this journal article



Article author:



Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial



Date of publication:



Article title:



Periodical title:



Publication information:





Volume number and issue number (if available)
Page numbers

Digital Object Identifier number:
References – Journals


Create a reference for this journal article



Article author: Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A.



Date of publication: (2011).



Article title: Atom surprise: Using theatre in primary
science education.



Periodical title: Journal of Science Education &
Technology,



Publication information: 20(5), 508-524.



Digital Object Identifier number: doi:10.1007/s10956-0119299-yx
Journal Example
Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A. (2011). Atom surprise: Using theatre
in primary science education. Journal of Science Education
& Technology, 20(5), 508-524. doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-y
Notes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Periods must follow first letter of author’s first and middle initial, publication
date, article title, and publication information.
A comma will follow the author’s last name, first initial (if more than one
author), journal title and volume number.
Article title is never italicized – always written normal.
Always italicize: journal title, volume number, and the commas before and
after volume number. Journal title follows capitol case lettering.
Only capitalize the first letter of article title, any letter following a colon (:),
and proper nouns.
Place a space between author first name and middle initial
Journal Articles Extra Info
 Articles

retrieved from a database such as
EBSCO or PsycINFO do not need to
include database information

 Articles

not including a doi number should
contain the journal URL after the page
numbers such as


Retrieved from http://js.sagamorepub.com/pe
Common Knowledge
Quandary
 Some




examples:

Waste not, want not.
George Washington was the first president
of the US
The earth is round

 When

in doubt, cite it.
Library Resources for APA
Practice creating citations
 Go

here to complete the plagiarism
worksheet




http://bit.ly/HfvwEE
Please ask if you have questions!

 Please

provide feedback for ALL the
library sessions here


http://bit.ly/H84lfx
Questions?


Feel free to contact me:







Laksamee Putnam
lputnam@towson.edu
410.704.3746.
Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU

Or any reference librarian:




Visit Cook Library Reference Desk
410.704.2462.
IM – tucookchat

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TSEM Fa2013 Class 3

  • 1. TSEM 102: Plagiarism and APA Style Laksamee Putnam – Research & Instruction Librarian Slides: http://bit.ly/TSEM2013class3
  • 2. First…    Laksamee Putnam lputnam@towson.edu Cook Library Reference:       410.704.2462. IM/email Phone: 410.704.3746. Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU Albert S. Cook facebook profile Slides: http://bit.ly/TSEM2013class3
  • 3. Agenda  Class discussion  APA citation style  APA worksheet  Slides: http://bit.ly/TSEM2013class3
  • 4. Image by Duane Hoffmann www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32657885 It’s out there, why not reuse it? Webb, S. (2012, December 12). Photographer finds artist has painted near exact copies of his pictures… after seeing them on sale in a gallery for $4,000. The Daily Mail. Retrieved from http://bit.ly/XgG1MG • Plagiarism can come in many different forms. What is your experience with plagiarism? • You are writing an annotated bibliography for this class. What are some of the benefits of the annotated bibliography assignment?
  • 5. Pre-class citation Cite this article: http://bit.ly/RYQ2Nz Kinlaw, C.R., Dunlap, L.L., & D’Angelo, J.A. (2012). Relations between faculty use of online academic resources and student class attendance. Computers & Education, 59(2), 167-172. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.028
  • 8. Style Manuals  Different disciplines use different style manuals  Social Sciences = American Psychological Association (APA)  Humanities = MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (MLA)
  • 9. The point is…  Acknowledge where you found the information  Briefly identify the source  Allows others to find additional information
  • 10. What needs to be cited?          Books Web Pages Magazine articles Graphics VHS,DVD, audio, etc. Government reports Statistics Encyclopedia articles Any source of information!
  • 11. What needs to be cited?  Direct quotes  Ideas borrowed  Paraphrased material
  • 12. In-text Citation needs:  Direct    Quote All authors’ last names Year of publication Page number  Paraphrase   All authors’ last names Year of publication
  • 13. Direct Quote: In-text citation  As researchers Yanovski and Yanovski (2002) have explained, obesity was once considered “either a moral failing or evidence of underlying psychopathology” (p. 592). OR  A relationship is defined as “the interdependence between two or more people” (Coombs, 2001, p.106).
  • 14. Direct Quote: In-text citation  Longer  than 40 words? Indented five spaces from left margin in block format  Usually it is better to paraphrase
  • 15. The wrong way to paraphrase: Failure to Cite Source    Original “They desire, for example, virtue and the absence of vice, no less really than pleasure and the absence of pain.” Source: Mill, John Stuart. “Utilitarianism.” On Liberty and Other Essays. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Quote is from page 169.  Paraphrase  People want morality just as much as they want happiness.
  • 16. The wrong way to paraphrase: Lack of Significant Rewording    Original “To the young American architects who made the pilgrimage, the most dazzling figure of all was Walter Gropius, founder of the Bauhaus School.” Source: Wolfe, Tom. From Bauhaus to Our House. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1981. Quote is from page 10.  Paraphrase  To young American architects who went to Germany, the most dazzling figure was Walter Gropius, founder of the Bauhaus School (Wolfe, 1981).
  • 17. In-text Citations  More than one author  Two authors    Greenfield and Savage (1990) (Greenfield & Savage, 1990, p. 567) Three to five authors  You must first identify all of the authors either in the signal phrase or the first citation.    After you have identified all, you may use “et al.”    Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) believed… (Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, & Bever, 1979) Terrace et al. (1979) stated…… (Terrace et al., 1979) Six or more authors  Use first authors last name and then et al.
  • 18. In-text Citations  Organization      as author Government or other organization Use organization name as author in signal phrase Use organization in parenthetical citation The National Institute of Mental Health (2001)… (National Institute of Mental Health, 2001)
  • 19. Special cases  If you have more than one author with the same last name, use the first initial in the citation  (Smith, A., 2002)  If you have more than one work in the same year by the same author, use letters a, b, c, etc. to indicate correct source  (Entman, 2004a)
  • 20. References  The in-text citation must match up with the references entry  Use the heading “References” at the top of a new page  List entries alphabetically  Author’s last name (if no author, then by organization name or title)  Double space each entry  No extra spaces between entries  If over one line, entry should have a hanging indent
  • 22. References – Books  Create a reference for this book  Book authors or editors:   Last name First letter of first name and middle initial  Date of publication:  Book Title:  Publication information:   City and state Publisher
  • 23. References – Books  Create a reference for this book  Book authors or editors: Grant, J.  Date of publication: (1994).  Book Title: I hate school!: Some common sense answers for educators & parents who want to know why & what to do about it  Publication information: Rosemont, NJ: Modern Learning Press.
  • 24. Book Example Grant, S. (1994). I hate school!: Some common sense answers for educators & parents who want to know why & what to do about it. Rosemont, NJ: Modern Learning Press. Notes: 1. 2. 3. Periods must follow first letter of author’s name and middle initial, publication date, book title, and publisher. Book title is always in italics. Only capitalize the first letter of book title, any letter following a colon (:), and proper nouns.
  • 25. References – Journals  Create a reference for this journal article  Article author:   Last name First letter of first name and middle initial  Date of publication:  Article title:  Periodical title:  Publication information:    Volume number and issue number (if available) Page numbers Digital Object Identifier number:
  • 26. References – Journals  Create a reference for this journal article  Article author: Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A.  Date of publication: (2011).  Article title: Atom surprise: Using theatre in primary science education.  Periodical title: Journal of Science Education & Technology,  Publication information: 20(5), 508-524.  Digital Object Identifier number: doi:10.1007/s10956-0119299-yx
  • 27. Journal Example Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A. (2011). Atom surprise: Using theatre in primary science education. Journal of Science Education & Technology, 20(5), 508-524. doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-y Notes: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Periods must follow first letter of author’s first and middle initial, publication date, article title, and publication information. A comma will follow the author’s last name, first initial (if more than one author), journal title and volume number. Article title is never italicized – always written normal. Always italicize: journal title, volume number, and the commas before and after volume number. Journal title follows capitol case lettering. Only capitalize the first letter of article title, any letter following a colon (:), and proper nouns. Place a space between author first name and middle initial
  • 28. Journal Articles Extra Info  Articles retrieved from a database such as EBSCO or PsycINFO do not need to include database information  Articles not including a doi number should contain the journal URL after the page numbers such as  Retrieved from http://js.sagamorepub.com/pe
  • 29. Common Knowledge Quandary  Some    examples: Waste not, want not. George Washington was the first president of the US The earth is round  When in doubt, cite it.
  • 31. Practice creating citations  Go here to complete the plagiarism worksheet   http://bit.ly/HfvwEE Please ask if you have questions!  Please provide feedback for ALL the library sessions here  http://bit.ly/H84lfx
  • 32. Questions?  Feel free to contact me:      Laksamee Putnam lputnam@towson.edu 410.704.3746. Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU Or any reference librarian:    Visit Cook Library Reference Desk 410.704.2462. IM – tucookchat