Tsunami
- 2. TsunamiA Dreadful DisasterPresented By: AnkitMittal© Tsunamis/ AnkitMittal. All Rights Reserved.
- 3. Do you know about a Tsunami?-In the next several slides you will learn about how a tsunami is…….
- 5. -How it effects us (1 slide)
- 7. -How to be aware ( 3 slide)-Before-During -AfterHow fast a tsunami moves (1 slide)
- 8. How big do they get (1 slide)
- 9. FactsDo you know HOW A Tsunami is is formed? Well let’s review!Tsunamis are formed as a result of powerful under water earthquakes, volcanic eruption, or a landslide, When these events happen under water, huge amount of energy is released. As a result, enormous waves are created. Some parts of the Ocean experience frequent earthquakes because of the movement of the continental plates. Most earthquakes occur near the plate boundaries as the plates move over, a long, or away from each other.A tsunami can push a vast quantity of water to the surface.The Pacific Ocean is especially prone to tsunamis as a result of the large amount of undersea geological activities. If a volcanic eruption occurs, the ocean floor may very quickly move upwards several hundred feet. After this happens, great volumes of water is pushed upwards, which leads to form huge waves.
- 10. How a Tsunami is formed
- 11. How a Tsunami may effect usA tsunami may affect different people in different ways. It may affect them mentally, emotionally, and financially.Ultimately, people are left homeless and careless due to the flooding and other destructions.A tsunami can cause plenty of damage by crushing buildings, sweeping people of their feet, and dirtying the pipes, consequently spreading disease Every time a tsunami occurs there are lots of lives lost.Tsunamis destroy the crops and flood the city.The impact of a tsunami is strong enough to break a building in half.
- 12. Time Line/ History Nov. 1, 1755- In Portugal, Lisbon a massive tsunami kills 60,000 - 90,000 people. June 15, 1896-Waves as high as 100 feet (30 meters), swept the east coast of Japan. 27,000 people died.November 18,1929- Off the south coast of new found land in the Atlantic Ocean, a magnitude of 7.2 resulting a tsunami that destroys many south coast communities. However it kills only 280 people. April 1, 1946-The April Fools tsunami, triggered by an earthquake in Alaska, killed 159 people, mostly in Hawaii.May 22. 1971– A tsunami in the bay of Bengal in India, kills 10,000 people. Aug. 23, 1976-A tsunami in the southwest Philippines killed 8,000 people. December 12 1979- A tsunami in Nice, France kills 230 peopleJuly 10, 1993- A small island (Okushiri, Hokkaido) gets hit by a tsunami with a magnitude of 7.8, killing 202 people. July 17, 1998 – Earthquake underwater causes a tsunami which destroys 10 villages in Pava, New Guinea, killing an estimated 1,500 people.
- 13. Dec. 26, 2004- One of the worst Natural disasters in recorded history hits southeastern Asia. The massive 9.3 magnitude earthquake generates enormous tsunami waves that crash into Thailand, India, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Burma and Indonesia. The death toll in the affected countries stands at 186,983 while more than 40,000 are still missing.
- 14. Sept 29 2009: An earthquake measuring 8.0 struck in the Pacific ocean, near the Samoan islands, triggering a tsunami which killed over 189 people and caused widespread destruction.Mar 11 2011: A record 9.0 earthquake struck of the eastern coast of Japan, triggering a tsunami that killed 27,000+ people.
- 15. Did you know that most of the tsunamis occur within the ring of fire/ in the pacific ocean!!
- 16. How to be AWARE!BEFOREWhen you hear a tsunami warning, move to higher ground and stay there until it is safe to return home. Be familiar with the tsunami warning signs.Because tsunamis can be caused by an underwater disturbance or an earthquake, people living along the coast should consider an earthquake or a sizable ground rumbling as a warning signal.Have disaster supplies on hand. Flashlight and extra batteries Portable, battery-operated radio and extra batteries First aid kit and manual Emergency food and water medicines Sturdy shoes Find out if your home is in a danger area.Make sure all family members know how to respond to a tsunami. In case family members are separated from one another during a tsunami, have a plan for getting back together. ^Tsunami warning sign^
- 17. Listen to a radio or television to get the latest emergency information.A tsunami is a series of waves. Do not assume that one wave means that the danger over. The next wave may be larger than the first one. Stay out of the area.Never go down to the beach to watch a tsunami come in. If you can see the wave you are too close to escape it.How to be AWARE!During
- 18. How to be AWARE!Help injured or trapped people.Remember to help your neighbors who may require special assistance- infants, elderly people, and people with disabilities. Stay out of damaged buildings.Open windows and doors to help dry the building.
- 19. Check food supplies and test drinking water.
- 20. Open windows and doors to help dry the building.
- 21. Use a flashlight when entering damaged buildings.After
- 22. How fast do they move? -In the deep open sea, tsunamis move at a speed of 600 mph or more. -As the tsunami approaches the shore, they slow down. -When a tsunami arrives at the shore, it usually decreases its speed to about 45 mph/hour.-When a tsunami is passing over the deepest parts of the ocean, it can reach speeds around 700mph. -Tsunami speed is approximately given by the square root of the product of the gravity constant (g) and water depth.(Multiply ocean depth in miles by g which is approximately 80000 mph per hour and take the square root to get the speed of the wave)-Tsunamis have been measured travelling over 700mph.
- 23. Howbigdo they get?In the open ocean tsunamis appear very small, with a height of 1 meter.Although these waves have a small height, there is a tremendous amount of energy in them.Due to the huge amount of energy, these waves can become gigantic as they approach shallow water. A tsunamis height, as they crash upon the shore, depends on the underwater surface features.When a tsunami approaches shore it can be as high as 30 m (100 feet) or more.The largest Tsunami ever recorded occurred in July of 1958 in Lituya Bay, Alaska, where a huge rock and ice fall sent water rolling up to as high as 500m (1640 feet).
- 24. Did you know that….. A tsunami is also called a tsunami wave train or is referred as a tidal wave.
- 25. Tsunamis are frequently hitting Japan; approximately 195 have been recorded.
- 26. Many early geological, geographical and oceanographic texts refer tsunamis as “ seismic sea waves”.
- 27. The term “tsunami” comes from the Japanese, from the words kanji (tsu) meaning “harbor” and (nami), meaning wave. Therefore in Japanese tsunami is referred as “ harbor wave”.
- 28. The length of a tsunami wave can be more than 200 km.
- 29. If the waves range is from 40 meters to more than 100 meters, they are called "mega tsunami".
- 31. A tsunami will take7-8 hours from Japan to Hawaii
- 32. After a tsunami reaches land it may spread more than a mile inland.
- 34. The first wave is not always the largest.
- 35. A tsunami can not only bring a ton of water to land it may bring a variety of unknown creatures or fishes to land
- 36. An instrument, known as TSUNAMETER, is anchored on the ocean floor and measures changes in water pressure when a tsunami passes above.Trivia Questions Tsunamis are formed as a result of under water… a) Earthquakes , landslides and pollution b) Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and pollution c) Earthquakes, landslide, and volcanic eruption What are the three types of ways tsunamis can effect us? a) mentally, emotionally, and financially b) relationships, emotionally, and financially c) mentally, environmentally, and emotionally When and where was one of the worst tsunami in recorded history? a) Dec 25, 2004, Asia b) Sep 25, 2004, southeastern Asia c) Dec 26, 2004, southeastern AsiaIn the open ocean tsunamis appear very small, with a height of… a) 1.0 meters b) 10 meters c) 100 meters
- 37. THANK YOU"Imagine a flood of water swirling up the street, lifting cars and flinging them through flimsy buildingsas it goes. Then imagine the buildings themselves beingwashed away, leaving behind little more than scattered rubble."This is a tsunami.