Tunable White Lighting Control with LEDs by Tom Shearer and Craig Casey
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This document summarizes a presentation on tunable white lighting control with LEDs. It begins with learning objectives to describe spectrum control categories with LEDs, identify challenges with tunable white, and evaluate applications. It then reviews warm dimming, tunable white (warm vs. cool control and intensity vs. CCT control), and full spectral control. Challenges with tunable white include control challenges due to different fixture protocols, spectrum and range mismatches, and design complexity. Potential benefits are mimicking daylight, personalization, and application contextualization. The key is understanding how each fixture controls intensity and CCT independently to properly design a system without risks.
Tunable White Lighting Control with LEDs by Tom Shearer and Craig Casey
- 1. Designers Light Forum Tunable White Lighting Control with LEDs Tom Shearer Craig Casey March 29th, 2017
- 2. Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request. This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. ___________________________________________ Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
- 3. Learning Objectives 1. Describe the fundamental categories of spectrum control with LEDs 2. Identify challenges with tunable white 3. Evaluate Benefits of Tunable White Applications At the end of the this course, participants will be able to:
- 4. Learning Points 1. Fundamental Categories of Spectrum Control a. Warm Dimming b. Tunable White c. Spectrum Control 2. Challenges with Tunable White a. Spectrum and Range Matching b. Control Challenges c. Design Complexity 3. Possible Benefits of Tunable White
- 5. Review of Chromaticity Diagram
- 7. Warm Dimming • The feature that automatically changes the CCT of the light source (or fixture) as the intensity is changed so as to mimic an incandescent source. • Reasons for use: To provide an “incandescent-like” experience in the space. • The change in CCT is controlled by the electronics inside the light source (or fixture) automatically. There is no separate control input necessary. Only dimming control is needed. • Dimming Protocols – Forward or Reverse Phase Control – 0-10 – Digital control
- 8. Warm Dimming Control Summary Control Inputs 1 Intensity Color X Intensity vs. CCT 100% 3000 K 50% 2500 K 1% 2000 K
- 9. Warm Dimming Control Summary Control Inputs 1 Intensity Color X Intensity vs. CCT 100% 3000 K 50% 2500 K 1% 2000 K 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 LightOutput Commanded Level
- 10. Tunable White • Tunable White: The feature allowing any CCT at any intensity. – Methods of Light Source Deployment • Two color temp white LEDs, Cool and Warm – LED driver(s) change output to each string of LEDs. The resulting intensity of the two strings is the intensity of the fixture. The proportion of intensities gives the resulting CCT • Color mixing LED systems (RGBA, etc.) control the intensity of multiple colors of LEDs (including “white”) to achieve desired color temp.
- 11. Tunable White Questions to ask fixture manufacturer? • What do the control inputs actually control? • What are the protocol(s) for each of the inputs?Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Color ? • Control accomplished in two ways: • Warm vs. Cool control • Intensity vs. CCT control
- 12. Tunable White Fixture Warm LED Module Cool LED Module User-Desired Intensity User-Desired CCT Warm Intensity Cool Intensity ColorMixingControl System Warm Driver Cool Driver Warm LED Module Cool LED Module ColorMixing User-Desired Intensity User-Desired CCT Warm Intensity Cool Intensity Control System Warm vs. Cool control Intensity vs. CCT control
- 13. Tunable White: Warm vs. Cool Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Intensity
- 14. Tunable White: Warm vs. Cool Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Intensity
- 15. Tunable White: Warm vs. Cool • This method relies on setting scenes of specific intensities for both the warm and cool LEDs. • Raise/Lower and daylight dimming is not practical. • Timeclock control is difficult. Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Intensity Questions to ask fixture manufacturer? • Are the lumen outputs of the two CCTs equivalent? • What protocol do the inputs use?
- 16. Tunable White: Warm vs. Cool • User control options Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity (warm) Intensity (cool)
- 17. Tunable White: Intensity vs. CCT • This method allows for independent control of intensity and CCT • Raise/Lower and daylight dimming is possible. • Timeclock control is simplified. Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Color Questions to ask fixture manufacturer? • Does the fixture tune between two CCTs or along the blackbody? • What protocol(s) does the fixture use?
- 18. Tunable White: Intensity vs. CCT Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Intensity
- 19. Tunable White: Intensity vs. CCT Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Color
- 20. Tunable White: Challenges Different CCT bounds.
- 21. Tunable White: Challenges Same CCTs, different chromaticity coordinates
- 22. Tunable White: Challenges Same CCTs, Same starting and ending chromaticity coordinates, but different tuning curves.
- 23. Tunable White: Intensity vs. CCT • User control options Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Color
- 24. Tunable White: Intensity vs. CCT Control Summary Control Inputs 2 Intensity Color CCT (K)Intensity (%) 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
- 25. Tunable White • Control Protocols – Possible, but very difficult with 0-10, (wide tolerance, voltage drop, etc.) – Digital control is vastly superior – Risks of mixing control protocols • Multiple control protocols for this feature in the same space can cause confusion and programming complexities that can be significant. • Reasons for use – Mimic Daylight – Personal Control – Space Contextualization
- 26. Full Spectral Control Questions to ask fixture manufacturer? • What are the colors able to be controlled? • What are the protocol(s) for each of the inputs? Control Summary Control Inputs 3+ Intensity Of Individual LEDs • The source allows for full control of each individual LED. • Comes in many types: • RGB • RGBW • RGBY(A) • Possibilities are endless depending on the application • Digital Control is required
- 27. Full Spectral Control Control Summary Control Inputs 3+ Intensity Of Individual LEDs
- 28. Review Categories of Spectrum Control • Warm Dimming • Tunable White – Warm vs. Cool – Intensity vs. CCT • Full Spectral Control
- 29. Challenges with Tunable White • Control Challenges: Depending on the fixture’s method of creating the CCT change, different fixtures in a space may have different control needs. • Different fixtures in the same space may have different control types, and may not behave the same. – E.g. fixtures with 0-10 vs fixtures with digital control may require a complex array of control interfaces to work with a master control system.
- 30. Challenges with Tunable White • Design Complexity! – Timeclock vs manual control – Loadshed – Daylighting – User interface(s) (physical interface and GUI) – Commissioning – Editing and configuring • If fixture control types are not identified at the design stage, it may be impossible to achieve design intent
- 31. Possible Benefits of Tunable White Why are we putting ourselves through all this? • Mimic Daylight • Personalization • Human comfort • Application contextualization
- 32. Take Away • For each fixture, answer the following: 1. How does the user change intensity while maintaining CCT? 2. How does the user change CCT while maintaining intensity? 3. Are there “system events” that need to change either intensity or CCT independently? • If you are unsure of the answers to these questions, you may unknowingly be accepting risk.
- 33. This concludes The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems Course