Types greenhouse and its Components
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The document discusses types of greenhouses and their components. It describes different types of greenhouses based on shape, utility, construction, and covering materials. Common shapes include lean-to, even span, uneven span, and ridge and furrow. Greenhouses can be designed for active heating or cooling. Frame materials include wood, pipes, and trusses. Covering options are glass, plastic films, rigid panels, and polyhouses. Key greenhouse components are the roof, gables, cladding, gutters, columns, purlins, ridges, and foundations. Greenhouses are used to grow plants out of season and in a controlled environment.
Types greenhouse and its Components
- 1. Types of Greenhouse and its Components Delivered by Er. Lakhan S. Adewar M. Tech. (Agricultural structure & Environment management)) Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Online Training on “Advanced Irrigation and Precision Agriculture”
- 2. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara WHAT IS GREEN HOUSE? Building designed for the protection of loving or out-of-season plants against excessive cold or heat. 2 Protection from: • Rain Fall • Sun Light • Birds • Insects • Soil Inconsistency • Temperature and Humidity A green house has one purpose to provide and maintain the environment that will result in optimum crop production or maximum profit.
- 3. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Why it is called as a Greenhouse? • Though It is made of GI Pipes or Columns • Though It is covered by Poly Film, PC Sheet, or Glass. • Still it is called as Greenhouse. Why? 3
- 4. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 4
- 5. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 5
- 6. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 6 GREEN HOUSE FOR • Provide products when open field cultivation is limited • Controlling Harvesting Time • High Yield from small area • Growing out of normal season • conventional cropping cycles, • Improve product quality, • Stabilize production How? • In controlled growing conditions.
- 7. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara WHAT WE CONTROL IN GREENHOUSE? 7 ROOT AREA • Temperature • Soil moisture • Nutrition in ground • Soil PH • Soil Texture • Gases in soil PLANT AREA • Temperature / Humidity • Light • Air composition • Air movement
- 8. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 8
- 9. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 9 SELECTION OF SITE : 1. Topography of the land 2. Soil 3. Electricity 4. Water 5. Logistics 6. Temp. & Humidity data 7. Wind 8. Crop selection 9. Structure selection 10. Marketability 11. Availability of labor
- 10. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara TYPES OF GREENHOUSES: BASED ON • Shape, • Utility, • Construction And • Covering Materials 10
- 11. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Greenhouse Type Based on Shape 11
- 12. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 12 1. Lean-to Type • Placed against the side of an existing building • facing south side. • Width of 7 to 12 feet. Advantage • close to available electricity, water, and heat. Disadvantages: • limited space, • limited light, • limited ventilation and temperature control.
- 13. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 13 2. Even Span Type • The two roof slopes are of equal pitch and width. • small size, and it is constructed on leveled ground. • For single span type, from 5 to 9 m, • length is around 24 m. • The height varies from 2.5 to 4.3 m.
- 14. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 14 3. Uneven Span Type • constructed on hilly terrain. • unequal width,
- 15. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 15 4. Ridge and Furrow Type • A-frame greenhouses • The eave serves as a furrow • The side walls are eliminated Advantage • reduces labour, • lowers the cost of automation, • improves personal management and • reduces fuel consumption,
- 16. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 16 5. Saw Tooth Type In our country this model only suitable in moderate temperature area. This types of green house requires moderate temp. around the year • provision for natural ventilation • Span – 8.0 m, 9.0 m • Covering Material – Poly Film • Height of Gutter – 3.5 m to 4.0 m • Structure – Hot deep galvanized • Column Spacing – 3.0 m and 4.0 m • Corridor – 2.0 m • Manual side curtain
- 17. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 17 6. Quonset type • Span – 8.0 m • Ridge Height – 3.0 m • Column Spacing – 3.0 m • Covering Material – Polyethylene Film • Structure – Galvanized • Withstand 120 km/hr • Side manual curtains
- 18. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 18 Interlocking Ridge And Furrow
- 19. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 19 Greenhouse Type Based on Utility
- 20. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 20 • Heat has to be supplied. • Using double layer polyethylene, • Thermopane glasses • Heating systems, such as • Unit heaters, • Central heat, • Radiant heat and • Solar heating system Greenhouses for Active Heating
- 21. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 21 Greenhouses for Active Cooling • evaporative cooling pad with fan • fog cooling • permits a roof opening of 40% and • some cases nearly 100%.
- 22. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 22
- 23. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Greenhouse Type Based on Construction 23
- 24. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Wooden Framed Structures • span less than 6 m, • only wooden framed • Side posts and columns • without the use of a truss. • Pine wood 24
- 25. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Pipe framed structure 25 • Span is around 12 m, • Pipes • Side posts, columns, cross-ties • Purlins • Trusses are not used
- 26. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Truss Framed Structures 26 • Span is >15 m, • Truss frames • Flat steel, tubular steel or angle iron • Rafters, chords and struts. • Angle iron purlins • Glass houses • Pre-fabrication.
- 27. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Greenhouse Type Based on Covering Materials 27
- 28. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Glass Greenhouses • Greater interior light intensity. • Higher air infiltration rate, • Lower interior humidity and • Better disease prevention. • Lean-to type, even span, ridge and furrow type 28
- 29. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Plastic Film Greenhouses • Flexible plastic films • polyethylene, polyester • polyvinyl chloride • cheap • cost of heating is less • disadvantage • its short life • Ex. Quonset design, gutter-connected 29
- 30. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Rigid Panel Greenhouses • Polyvinyl chloride rigid panels, • Fiber glass-reinforced plastic, • Acrylic and • Polycarbonate rigid panels • Quonset type frames or ridge and furrow type frames. • More resistant to breakage and • the light intensity is uniform • Long life • Collect dust • Danger of fire hazard. 30
- 31. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Poly house a) Naturally ventilated polyhouse • not have any environmental control system • adequate ventilation and • fogger system b) Environmental controlled polyhouse • controlling light, • temperature, • humidity, • carbon-dioxide level and nature of root medium. 31
- 32. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara COMPONENTS OF GREEN HOUSE : 1. Roof 2. Gable 3. Cladding material 4. Gutter 5. Column 6. Purlin 7. Ridge 8. Hockey/Bracings 9. Arches 10.Foundation pipe 11.Span width 12.Green house length 13.Green house width
- 33. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 33 Roof
- 34. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Cladding material 34
- 35. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Gable/side wall 35
- 36. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Gutter 36
- 37. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Secondary Column 37 Main Column
- 38. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Top Purlin 38 Gutter Purlin
- 39. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Ridge 39 Furrow
- 40. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Hockey/Bracings 40
- 41. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Arches 41
- 42. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Foundation Pipe 42
- 43. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Span Width 43
- 44. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 44 Top ChordBottom Chord
- 45. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Curtain Shaft 45
- 46. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Curtain Flap Controls : Avoids the outside flapping of polythene curtain ensures more life of the side polythene. 46
- 47. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Shading Net 47
- 48. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara G.I. Pipes structure with Hinge Joint: G.I. Pipe members are joined to each others by means of clamps, angle brackets & nut bolts which ensures more strength against the vibrations caused by wind. 48
- 49. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara 10% Top Ventilation : 800 mm clear opening placed at top to ensure better ventilation and 600 mm overlap to avoid direct entry of sunlight into Greenhouse. 49
- 50. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Aerodynamic Shape along Periphery : This shape is given to drift away wind flow and minimize the wind impact on the sides of Greenhouse to ensure maximum strength of structure against wind. 50
- 51. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Apron Paper 51
- 52. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Fixtures : Clamps are made from hot galvanized sheet, hot galvanized nuts & bolts are used for connection 52
- 53. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Profile plate Fitting 53
- 54. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Greenhouse film lock channel and spring steel zig zag wire 54
- 55. Integrated Rural and Agricultural Development Association (IRADA), Satara Thank You For Your Attention 55