Types of beam & types of supports
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This document discusses different types of beams and supports used in engineering mechanics. It describes four types of supports - fixed, simple, roller, and hinged - based on how they restrict the movement of beams. It also outlines six types of beams defined by their support conditions: fixed, cantilever, simply supported, overhanging, continuous, and combinations of these. Finally, it categorizes loads as point, uniformly distributed, or uniformly varying based on how forces are applied along the beam.
Types of beam & types of supports
- 1. TYPES OF BEAM & TYPES OF SUPPORTS Subject: Engineering Mechanics By: Engr.Mir zafarullah Jamali Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology Larkana
- 2. INTRODUCTION What is meant by a beam in Engineering? A beam is a structural element which is capable of withstanding transverse loads. Simply a beam transfers its applied loads to the supports What is meant by a support? A support is an element which bears the weight of a beam and keeps it upright. Simply we can say that it is a thing which keeps beam in Equilibrium. What is meant by a load? A load in this concept refers to the forces acting on Structures. This is the reason these can be also called as structural loads.
- 3. TYPES OF SUPPORTS Basing on the concept how they are supporting the beam they are classified into 4 types 1. Fixed Support 2. Simple Support 3. Roller Support 4. Hinged Support
- 4. FIXED SUPPORT This support keeps the end of the beam fixed, i.e. The beam end resists to take any kind of translation or bending moment. In the below figures we are going to see how this support will be.
- 6. ROLLER SUPPORT A Roller support gives capability of movement to the respected beam connected to it may be along normal to the guides or it can also rotate about the support as we can see in below figures.
- 7. HINGED SUPPORT A Hinged support restricts the movement of the beam in any directions but it will allow the beam to rotate about the support just like a door which is a best example of hinged support.
- 8. TYPES OF BEAMS Basing on the concept how they are supported they are classified into floowing types 1. Fixed Beam 2. Cantilever Beams 3. Simply Supported Beams 5. Over Hanging Beams 6. Continuous Beams
- 9. 1. FIXED BEAM A Beam which is having fixed supports on both of its ends, it is named as fixed beams and we can see some animated and real examples of these kind of beams and how they are restricting the movement of the beam
- 10. 1.FIXED BEAM
- 11. 2. CANTILEVER BEAM A Beam which having a fixed support on one end and other end is set free, it is known as cantilever beam as we can see some best examples of cantilever beam below
- 12. SIMPLE SUPPORTED BEAM A Beam with simple supports exactly at two ends of the beam then it is called as simply supported beam. In the real world people wont tend to design anything with simple supports, but one of the ancient monument was built up by this concept
- 13. OVER HANGING BEAMS These beams will also have supports but one end or both ends of the beam will be having some extension after the supports as we can see in below figure.
- 14. CONTINUOUS BEAMS It is a beam which carries more than two supports and some of the examples of continuous beams are bridges which are shown below
- 15. TYPES OF LOADS Basing on the action of the forces the loads are classified into 3 types 1. Point Load (or) Concentrated Load 2. Uniformly Distributed Load 3. Uniformly Varying Load
- 16. POINT LOAD (OR) CONCENTRATED LOAD When a load acts concentrated at a definite point then it is named as a concentrated load or point load. We can see some best examples of point load in the below figures
- 17. UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOAD A distributed load is a load which is spread on some length of a beam, i.e. The reason it is measured in intensity with units Newton/meter. If the intensity is constant along the length then it is named as uniformly distributed load.
- 18. UNIFORMLY VARYING LOAD Whenever the load distributed along the length of the beam varies in intensity uniformly, according to some law. Then it is named as uniformly varying load and we can see some conventional figures below which are representing uniformly varying loads
- 19. STIFFNESS
- 20. STIFFNESS Stiffness is the extent to which a body resist deformation in response to an applied force. The complementary concept is flexibility or pliability: the more flexible an object is, the less stiff it is
- 21. The stiffness, k, of a body is a measure of the resistance offered by an elastic body to deformation. For an elastic body with a single degree of freedom (DOF) (for example, stretching or compression of a rod), the stiffness is defined as, K = F/displacement (S) where, F is the force on the body. S is the displacement produced by the force along the same degree of freedom (for instance, the change in length of a stretched spring).
- 22. In the International System of Units, stiffness is typically measured in newtons per meter. In Imperial units, stiffness is typically measured in pounds (lbs) per inch. The inverse of Stiffness is flexibility or compliance , typically measured in units meters per Newton.