TYPES OF CAUSATIVE VERBS IN ENGLISH, THEIR FORMS AND USAGE IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS

International Journal of Advanced Information Technology (IJAIT) Vol. 13, No.1/2/3, June 2023
DOI : 10.5121/ijait.2023.13301 1
TYPES OF CAUSATIVE VERBS IN ENGLISH, THEIR
FORMS AND USAGE IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS
Karimjonova Shahlo Ravshanjonovna
Department of Foreign languages, Fergana State University, Uzbekistan
ABSTRACT
Causative verbs are an essential part of the English language, allowing speakers to describe the act of
causing something to happen. This paper provides an overview of causative verbs in English, their various
forms and uses, and some common misconceptions about their usage. The paper also explores how
causative verbs can be used in different tenses and how they interact with modal verbs. Finally, the paper
examines the use of causative verbs in passive voice constructions.
KEYWORDS
make, let have, get, active, passive
1. INTRODUCTION
The comparative study of causative verbs in English involves examining the similarities and
differences between the forms and usage of these verbs in different contexts. This type of study is
important for understanding how causative verbs function in English and how they are used in
various contexts. Theoretical and methodological considerations are crucial for conducting a
comparative study of causative verbs in English.
The theoretical basis of a comparative study of causative verbs in English involves understanding
the linguistic and cognitive principles that underlie these verbs. For example, causative verbs are
related to the concepts of agency and causality, which are central to the study of linguistics and
cognitive science. By examining the theoretical principles that underlie causative verbs,
researchers can gain insights into how these verbs function in English and how they are used in
different contexts.
In addition to theoretical considerations, the methodological basis of a comparative study of
causative verbs in English involves selecting appropriate research methods and data sources. One
common method for conducting a comparative study of causative verbs is corpus linguistics,
which involves analyzing large collections of written or spoken language data. By using corpus
linguistics, researchers can identify patterns in the usage of causative verbs across different
contexts and identify similarities and differences between the forms and usage of these verbs in
different varieties of English.
Another method for conducting a comparative study of causative verbs in English is through
experimental research. This involves designing experiments that manipulate variables related to
causative verbs and examining how participants respond to these manipulations. By using
experimental research, researchers can gain insights into the cognitive processes that underlie the
use of causative verbs in English and how these verbs are processed and understood by speakers
of different varieties of English.

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Overall, the theoretical and methodological basis of a comparative study of causative verbs in
English involves understanding the linguistic and cognitive principles that underlie these verbs
and selecting appropriate research methods and data sources for examining their forms and usage
in different contexts. By conducting a comparative study of causative verbs in English,
researchers can gain insights into how these verbs function in the language and how they are used
by speakers in different varieties of English.
Causative verbs are an important aspect of the English language, as they allow speakers to
indicate that someone or something caused an action to happen. Understanding the forms and
usage of these verbs is crucial for effective communication in English.
The origins of causative verbs can be traced back to Middle English, where they were used to
indicate that someone or something was causing an action to happen. Over time, the usage of
causative verbs in English has evolved to include a variety of different forms and meanings.
One of the most common forms of causative verbs in English is the causative verb followed by
the base form of a verb, such as "make," "let," and "have." This form is used to indicate that
someone or something caused an action to happen. For example, "She made me clean the house."
Another form of causative verbs is the causative verb followed by the gerund, such as "get" and
"keep." This form is used to indicate that someone or something caused an ongoing or continuous
action to happen. For example, "He kept me laughing all night."
Causative verbs can also be followed by the infinitive form of a verb, such as "make," "get," and
"have." This form is used to indicate that someone or something caused an action to happen that
has yet to take place. For example, "They had the children study for the test."
There are also different forms of causative verbs in English, including the simple causative form,
the passive causative form, and the perfect causative form. Each of these forms is used to convey
a different meaning and can be used in various contexts.
Overall, understanding the background information about causative verbs in English is essential
for effective communication and language acquisition. Through understanding the forms and
usage of causative verbs, English learners can improve their language skills and communicate
more effectively in a variety of contexts.
Causative connecting verbs in the English language are a type of verb that are used to link the
subject of a sentence with a complement that indicates a state or an action that was caused by the
subject. Examples of causative connecting verbs include "become," "get," "grow," "make,"
"render," and "turn."
The lexicographical interpretation of the semantics of causative connecting verbs involves
examining how the meaning of these verbs is represented in dictionaries and other reference
materials. This involves understanding the various senses and nuances of meaning that are
associated with each causative connecting verb and how these verbs are used in different contexts.
For example, the verb "become" can be used to indicate a change in state or condition that was
caused by the subject. In this sense, the verb can be used to describe a gradual or natural process,
as in the sentence "She became a successful writer over time." The verb can also be used to
describe a more sudden or deliberate change, as in the sentence "He became angry when he heard
the news."
Similarly, the verb "make" can be used to indicate that the subject caused something to happen or
caused someone to do something. In this sense, the verb can be used to describe both physical

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and emotional actions, as in the sentences "She made dinner for us" and "He made me feel better
when I was upset."
The lexicographical interpretation of the semantics of causative connecting verbs also involves
examining the collocations and usage patterns associated with these verbs. This involves
understanding the words and phrases that are commonly used with each causative connecting
verb and how these words and phrases affect the meaning of the verb in different contexts.
For example, the verb "get" is often used in combination with adjectives to indicate a change in
state or condition that was caused by the subject. In this sense, the verb can be used to describe
both positive and negative changes, as in the sentences "He got better after the surgery" and "She
got angry when he forgot her birthday."
Overall, the lexicographical interpretation of the semantics of causative connecting verbs in the
English language involves understanding the different senses and nuances of meaning associated
with each verb and how these verbs are used in different contexts. By understanding these
semantic nuances and usage patterns, speakers of English can communicate more effectively and
accurately in a variety of situations.
Causative verbs are a type of verb that is commonly used in English to express that one person
causes another person to do something or causes something to happen. They are a complex and
interesting aspect of the English language and have been the subject of much study and research
over the years. In this article, we will discuss the various types of causative verbs in English, their
forms, and their usage in different contexts.
Causative verbs are a subset of English verbs that describe the act of causing something to
happen. They are used when one person or thing causes another person or thing to do something.
In English, causative verbs can be formed in several ways, including with the verbs "make,"
"have," and "get," and with auxiliary verbs such as "let" and "allow."
2. FORMS AND USES
The most common causative verbs in English are "make," "have," and "get." The verb "make" is
used when the subject forces or compels someone or something to do something. For example, "I
made my brother clean his room." The verb "have" is used when the subject arranges for or
orders someone to do something. For example, "I had my car serviced." Finally, the verb "get" is
used when the subject persuades or convinces someone to do something. For example, "I got my
sister to go to the party."
Causative verbs can also be formed with auxiliary verbs such as "let" and "allow." These verbs
are used to describe situations where the subject permits someone to do something. For example,
"I leThere are several types of causative verbs in English, including the causative "make," "let,"
"have," "get," and "help." Each type of causative verb has its own unique forms and usage.
Causative "Make"
The causative "make" is used to indicate that someone or something is causing someone or
something else to do something. In this case, the subject of the sentence is causing the object to
do something. The causative "make" can be used in different tenses and forms, including:
Present tense: "I make him clean his room every day."
Past tense: "She made him clean his room yesterday."
Present perfect tense: "They have made us work hard all day."

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Future tense: "I will make him clean his room tomorrow."
Causative "Let"
The causative "let" is used to indicate permission or allowance. In this case, the subject of the
sentence allows the object to do something. The causative "let" can also be used in different
tenses and forms, including:
Present tense: "I let him use my computer every day."
Past tense: "She let him use her computer yesterday."
Present perfect tense: "They have let us use their car all week."
Future tense: "I will let him use my computer tomorrow."
Causative "Have"
The causative "have" is used to indicate that the subject of the sentence is causing someone else
to do something. The causative "have" is often used in formal or academic writing. It can be used
in different tenses and forms, including:
Present tense: "I have him clean his room every day."
Past tense: "She had him clean his room yesterday."
Present perfect tense: "They have had us work hard all day."
Future tense: "I will have him clean his room tomorrow."
Causative "Get"
The causative "get" is used to indicate that the subject of the sentence is causing someone or
something else to do something. The causative "get" is often used in informal or spoken English.
It can be used in different tenses and forms, including:
Present tense: "I get him to clean his room every day."
Past tense: "She got him to clean his room yesterday."
Present perfect tense: "They have gotten us to work hard all day."
Future tense: "I will get him to clean his room tomorrow."
Causative "Help"
The causative "help" is used to indicate assistance or support. In this case, the subject of the
sentence is helping someone else do something. The causative "help" can also be used in different
tenses and formt my daughter stay up late" or "My boss allowed me to take the day off."
3. COMMON MISCONCEPTIONS
One common misconception about causative verbs is that they always have negative connotations.
However, this is not always the case. For example, "I had my hair cut" or "I got my car washed"
are neutral statements that do not imply any negative action or force.
Another misconception is that causative verbs are always followed by an infinitive verb.
However, this is not true. In some cases, causative verbs can be followed by gerunds or noun
phrases. For example, "I had a hard time convincing my friend" or "I let my kids watch TV."

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4. TENSES AND MODAL VERBS
Causative verbs can be used in different tenses, including present, past, and future. For example,
"I'm going to have my car washed" (future), "I had my house cleaned yesterday" (past), and "I'm
having my hair cut tomorrow" (present).
Causative verbs can also be used with modal verbs such as "can," "could," "may," and "might." In
these cases, the modal verb expresses the possibility or ability to cause something to happen. For
example, "I can get my daughter to eat vegetables" or "I could make my boss give me a raise."
5. PASSIVE VOICE
Finally, causative verbs can also be used in passive voice constructions. In passive voice, the
focus is on the action being done rather than the person or thing doing the action. For example,
"My car was serviced by the mechanic" or "My hair was cut by the stylist."
6. METHODS
To prepare this article, we conducted a comprehensive review of the literature on causative verbs
in English. We consulted a variety of sources, including academic journals, books, and online
resources. We also analyzed examples of causative verbs in context to better understand their
usage.
7. RESULTS
Causative verbs in English can be divided into two broad categories: active causative verbs and
passive causative verbs. Active causative verbs are used to express that one person causes another
person to do something. Passive causative verbs, on the other hand, are used to express that
something is caused to happen.
Active causative verbs:
Active causative verbs are formed by using the base form of the verb "to have" followed by the
object and the base form of the main verb. For example, "I had him fix the car" means that I
caused him to fix the car.
Active causative verbs can also be formed using the base form of the verb "to make" or "to get"
followed by the object and the base form of the main verb. For example, "I made him fix the car"
or "I got him to fix the car" mean that I caused him to fix the car.
8. PASSIVE CAUSATIVE VERBS
Passive causative verbs are formed by using the base form of the verb "to be" followed by the
past participle of the main verb and the preposition "by." For example, "The car was fixed by
him" means that he caused the car to be fixed.
Passive causative verbs can also be formed using the base form of the verb "to have" followed by
the object and the past participle of the main verb. For example, "I had the car fixed" means that I
caused the car to be fixed.

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9. USAGE OF CAUSATIVE VERBS
Causative verbs are commonly used in English in a variety of contexts. They can be used in both
formal and informal situations and can be used to express different degrees of urgency or
importance.
Active causative verbs are often used when the speaker wants to express that they are causing
something to happen. For example, "I had the meeting scheduled for next week" means that I
caused the meeting to be scheduled.
Passive causative verbs, on the other hand, are often used when the speaker wants to express that
something has been caused to happen without specifying who caused it. For example, "The book
was written in the 19th century" means that the book was caused to be written in the 19th century,
but the speaker is not specifying who caused it to be written.
Causative verbs can also be used to express politeness or to avoid directly asking someone to do
something. For example, "Could you have the report ready by tomorrow?" is a more polite way
of asking someone to have the report ready by tomorrow than simply saying "Have the report
ready by tomorrow."
There are three main types of causative verbs in English: causative verbs followed by the base
form of a verb, causative verbs followed by the gerund, and causative verbs followed by the
infinitive. Each of these types of causative verbs is used to convey a different meaning.
Causative Verbs Followed by the Base Form of a Verb
Causative verbs that are followed by the base form of a verb are used to indicate that someone or
something caused an action to happen. The most common causative verbs that are followed by
the base form of a verb include make, let, and have. For example:
He made me clean the house.
She let me borrow her car.
They had the mechanic fix the car.
In each of these examples, the causative verb is followed by the base form of the verb (clean,
borrow, fix) to indicate the action that was caused to happen.
Causative Verbs Followed by the Gerund
Causative verbs that are followed by the gerund are used to indicate that someone or something
caused an action to happen that is ongoing or continuous. The most common causative verbs that
are followed by the gerund include get and keep. For example:
He got me talking about my problems.
She kept me laughing all night.
In each of these examples, the causative verb is followed by the gerund form of the verb (talking,
laughing) to indicate that the action was ongoing or continuous.
Causative Verbs Followed by the Infinitive

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Causative verbs that are followed by the infinitive are used to indicate that someone or something
caused an action to happen that is yet to take place. The most common causative verbs that are
followed by the infinitive include make, get, and have. For example:
She made me promise to come back.
He got me to learn how to play the piano.
They had the children study for the test.
In each of these examples, the causative verb is followed by the infinitive form of the verb
(promise, learn, study) to indicate that the action has yet to take place.
Forms of Causative Verbs in English
The forms of causative verbs in English include the simple causative form, the passive causative
form, and the perfect causative form.
Simple Causative Form
The simple causative form is used when the subject of the sentence causes an action to happen. In
this form, the causative verb is followed by the base form of the verb. For example:
He made me clean the house.
In this example, the simple causative form is used to indicate that he caused me to clean the
house.
Passive Causative Form
The passive causative form is used when the action is done to the subject of the sentence by
someone or something else. In this form, the causative verb is followed by the past participle
form of the verb.
10. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, causative verbs are an important aspect of the English language and are used to
express that one person causes another person to do something or causes something to happen.
They can be divided into two broad categories: active causative verbs and passive causative verbs.
Active causative verbs are used to express that one person is causing something to happen, while
passive causative verbs are used to express that something has been caused to happen without
specifying who caused it.
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