types of motors ppt
- 1. What is motor? An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. In normal motoring mode, most electric motors operate through the interaction between an electric motor’s magnetic field and winding currents to generate force within the motor
- 3. Different types of motors 1: permanent magnet motor 2: series motor 3: shunt motor 4: compound motor 1: induction motor 2: synchronous motor 1: Reluctance motor 2: hysteresis motor 3: stepper motor 4: brushless DC motor 5: Universal motor
- 4. 1: permanent magnet motors The permanent magnet motor uses a magnet to supply field flux. Permanent magnet dc motor have excellent starting torque capability with good regulation. A disadvantage of permanent dc motor is they are limited to the amount of load they can drive. These motors can be found on low horsepower Another disadvantage is that torque is usually limited to 150% of rated torque to prevent demagnetisation of permanent magnets.
- 5. 2: series motors In a series dc motor the field is connected in series with the armature. The field is wound with a few turns of large wire because it must carry the full armature current. A characteristic of a series motors is the motor develops a large amount of starting torque. However, speed varies widely between no load and full load. Series motors can not be used where a constant speed is required under varying load. Additionally, the speed of series motor with no load increases to the point where the motor can become damaged. Some load must be connected to a series-connected motor. Series connected motors generally are not suitable for use on most variable speed drive applecations
- 6. 3: shunt motors In a shunt motor the field is connected in a parallel (shunt) with the armature windings. The shunt-connected motor good speed regulation. The field winding can be separately excited or connected to the same source with the armature. An advantage to a separately excited shunt field is the ability of a variable speed derive to provide independent control of the armature and field. The shunt-connected motor offers simplified control for reversing. This is beneficial in regenerative drives.
- 7. 4: compound motors Compound motor have a field connected in series with the armature and separately excited shunt field. The field series provides better starting torque and the shunt field provides better speed regulation. However the series field can cause control problems in a variable speed drive applications and is generally not used in four quadrant drives.
- 8. 1: INDUCTION MOTOR Induction motor or asynchronous motor is the machine that converts AC electric power to mechanical power by using an electromagnetic induction phenomenon. There are two types of induction motor a: single phase induction motor b: three phase induction motor a: single phase induction motor The single phase motors are generally found their use in low power requirements or domestic appliances like ceiling fans, mixer grinders, portable power tools etc…
- 9. b: three phase induction motor The three phase motors are generally found for high power requirements like power drives for compressors, hydraulic pumps, air conditioning compressors, irrigation pumps and many more. 2: SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS These motors have the rotor rotating at the same speed as the speed of rotation of the stator current. In other words, we can say these motors don’t have slip with respect to the stator current. These kinds of motors are used even in high precision positioning devices like modern robots. They can also act as stepper motors.
- 10. 1: RELUCTANCE MOTOR Reluctance motor is type of electric motors that induces non-permanent magnetic poler on the ferromagnetic rotor. The rotor does not have any windings. Torque is genarated through the phenomenon of magnetic reluctance. 2: HYSTERISIS MOTOR Hysteresis produces the torque, can be tiny, used as the driver for electric clocks. 3:STEPPER MOTTOR It is a special of type of synchronous motors. It rotates a number of degrees with each electric pulse. 2: BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR A close similar of permanent of stepper motor with electronic controllers 4: UNIVERSAL MOTOR If a series DC motor has a laminated stator frame, it can run effectively from an AC supply as well as DC supply.