Types of operating system unit 1 by Ram K Paliwal
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The document discusses the main types of operating systems: serial processing, batch processing, time-sharing, real-time, and multi-user/multi-tasking network operating systems. Serial processing operating systems execute instructions sequentially without user interaction. Batch processing groups similar jobs into batches to be processed when the computer is idle. Time-sharing operating systems allow multiple users or programs to share resources by rapidly switching between tasks. Real-time operating systems are used for systems like robots where response time is critical. Network operating systems manage shared resources, users, security, and applications over a private network.
Types of operating system unit 1 by Ram K Paliwal
- 1. Unit -1 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 1
- 2. Types of Operating System Operating Systems • The operating system is the most important program that runs on a computer. • Operating system is an interface between computer and user. • It is responsible for the management and coordination of activities and the sharing of the resources of the computer. 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 2
- 3. Types of Operating System Types of OS Serial Processing Batch Processing Time Sharing Real Time Multi user multitask 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 3
- 4. Types of Operating System 1) Serial Processing: ◦ The Serial Processing Operating Systems are those which Performs all the instructions into a Sequence Manner or the Instructions those are given by the user will be executed by using the FIFO Manner means First in First Out. ◦ In this the Program Counter will determines which instruction is going to Execute and the which instruction will be Execute after this. ◦ Mainly the Punch Cards are used for this. In this all the Jobs are firstly Prepared and Stored on the Card and after that card will be entered in the System and after that all the Instructions will be executed one by One. ◦ But the Main Problem is that a user doesn’t interact with the System while he is working on the System, means the user can’t be able to enter the data for Execution. 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 4
- 5. Continue… 2. Batch Operating System This type of operating system does not interact with the computer directly. There is an operator which takes similar jobs having same requirement and group them into batches. It is the responsibility of operator to sort the jobs with similar needs. 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 5
- 6. Continue… Advantages of Batch Operating System: It is very difficult to guess or know the time required by any job to complete. Processors of the batch systems know how long the job would be when it is in queue Multiple users can share the batch systems The idle time for batch system is very less It is easy to manage large work repeatedly in batch systems 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 6
- 7. Continue… Disadvantages of Batch Operating System: The computer operators should be well known with batch systems Batch systems are hard to debug It is sometime costly The other jobs will have to wait for an unknown time if any job fails Examples of Batch based Operating System: Payroll System, Bank Statements etc. 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 7
- 8. Continue… 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 8 Time-Sharing Operating Systems Each task is given some time to execute, so that all the tasks work smoothly. Each user gets time of CPU as they use single system. These systems are also known as Multitasking Systems. The task can be from single user or from different users also. The time that each task gets to execute is called quantum. After this time interval is over OS switches over to next task.
- 9. Continue… 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 9
- 10. Types of Operating System Advantages of Time-Sharing OS: ◦ Each task gets an equal opportunity ◦ Less chances of duplication of software ◦ CPU idle time can be reduced Disadvantages of Time-Sharing OS: ◦ Reliability problem ◦ One must have to take care of security and integrity of user programs and data ◦ Data communication problem Examples of Time-Sharing OSs are: Multics, Unix etc. 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 10
- 11. Types of Operating System 4. Real-Time Operating System – These types of OSs serves the real-time systems. The time interval required to process and respond to inputs is very small. This time interval is called response time. Real-time systems are used when there are time requirements are very strict like missile systems, air traffic control systems, robots etc. Two types of Real-Time Operating System which are as follows: ◦ Hard Real-Time Systems ◦ Soft Real-Time Systems E.g. - Scientific experiments, medical imaging systems, industrial control systems, weapon systems, robots, air traffic control systems, etc. 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 11
- 12. Types of Operating System Advantages of RTOS: ◦ Maximum Consumption ◦ Task Shifting ◦ Focus on Application ◦ Real time operating system in embedded system ◦ Error Free ◦ Memory Allocation 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 12
- 13. Types of Operating System Disadvantages of RTOS: ◦ Limited Tasks ◦ Use heavy system resources ◦ Complex Algorithms ◦ Device driver and interrupt signals ◦ Thread Priority 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 13
- 14. Types of Operating System Multi-User and Multi-Tasking/ Network Operating System ◦ These systems run on a server and provide the capability to manage data, users, groups, security, applications, and other networking functions. ◦ These type of operating systems allow shared access of files, printers, security, applications, and other networking functions over a small private network. ◦ One more important aspect of Network Operating Systems is that all the users are well aware of the underlying configuration, of all other users within the network, their individual connections etc. 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 14
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- 16. Types of Operating System Advantages ◦ Highly stable centralized servers ◦ Security concerns are handled through servers ◦ New technologies and hardware up-gradation are easily integrated to the system ◦ Server access are possible remotely from different locations and types of systems Disadvantages ◦ Servers are costly ◦ User has to depend on central location for most operations ◦ Maintenance and updates are required regularly 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 16
- 17. References 1. Operating System Concept ninth Edition by Abraham Silberschatz and Galvin 2. https://electricalfundablog.com/operating-system-os-functions-types-resource-management/ 3. http://ecomputernotes.com/fundamental/disk-operating-system/types-of-operating-system 8/31/2019 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM - UNIT 1- BY RAM K PALIWAL 17
Editor's Notes
- #5: All the Instructions those are Entered First in the System will be Executed First and the Instructions those are Entered Later Will be Executed Later. For Running the Instructions the Program Counter is used which is used for Executing all the Instructions.
- #12: These OSs are meant for the applications where time constraints are very strict and even the shortest possible delay is not acceptable. These systems are built for saving life like automatic parachutes or air bags which are required to be readily available in case of any accident. Virtual memory is almost never found in these systems.
- #13: Maximum Consumption: Maximum utilization of devices and system,thus more output from all the resources Task Shifting: Time assigned for shifting tasks in these systems are very less. For example in older systems it takes about 10 micro seconds in shifting one task to another and in latest systems it takes 3 micro seconds. Focus on Application: Focus on running applications and less importance to applications which are in queue. Real time operating system in embedded system: Since size of programs are small, RTOS can also be used in embedded systems like in transport and others. Error Free: These types of systems are error free. Memory Allocation: Memory allocation is best managed in these type of systems.
- #14: Limited Tasks: Very few tasks run at the same time and their concentration is very less on few applications to avoid errors. Use heavy system resources: Sometimes the system resources are not so good and they are expensive as well. Complex Algorithms: The algorithms are very complex and difficult for the designer to write on. Device driver and interrupt signals: It needs specific device drivers and interrupt signals to response earliest to interrupts. Thread Priority: It is not good to set thread priority as these systems are very less prone to switching tasks.