Understanding the technology
- 1. PREPARED BY ANJU A GUEST LECTURER DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH PAYYANUR COLLEGE
- 3. Web 2.0 • Web 2.0, also called Participative (or Participatory) and Social Web • refers to World Wide Web websites that emphasize user-generated content • Web 2.0 is the name used to the describe the second generation of the world wide web, where it moved static HTML pages to a more interactive and dynamic web experience. • Web 2.0 is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online via social media, blogging and Web-based communities.
- 4. Web 2.0 • Second generation of WWW • In the 1st generation -90’s of the last century- affordances were limited to viewable or downloadable content • Web 2.0 paved way for new participatory culture • It is more personalised, communicative form of www • It enables the users to • actively participate in the deliberations • exchange ideas • share multimedia content • Creatively involve in other interactive endeavours
- 5. Web 2.0 applications are used in: • Web logs (blogs) • Freely editable wikis • RSS (Really Simple Syndication)-is a type of web feed which allows users to access updates to online content in a standardized, computer-readable format. • Websites usually use RSS feeds to publish frequently updated information, such as blog entries, news headlines, audio, video.
- 6. Web 2.0 applications are used in: • Podcasting- A podcast or generically netcast, is an episodic series of digital audio or video files which a user can download in order to listen to. • Social networking sites • Tag-based folksonomies- social tagging • Peer-to-peer (P2P) media sharing utilities Bit torrent, Ares Galaxy, eMule etc.
- 7. WEB 2.0 Web 2.0 is often referred to as Read-Write-Web Enables customization, personalization and provides rich opportunities for networking and collaboration. It is a social software with sociability aspects Openness is a characteristic hallmark of web 2.0 Fosters participatory culture and is the architecture of participation Furthers collective intelligence or wisdom of crowds
- 12. • Is a collection of pages containing valuable information and knowledge about a particular place, thing, service or specialised field of study (or anything under the sun), stored in the form of text, image, video, and various other multimedia contents. • Each website, and all its pages, has a unique address known as a URL.
- 13. URL • URL is the abbreviation of Uniform Resource Locator and is defined as the global address of documents and other resources on the World Wide Web.
- 14. DNS (Domain Name System) • is a hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network. • has been in use since 1985.
- 15. DOMAIN SUFFIX • Is the last part of a domain name. • Often referred to as a “top-level domain” or TLD Popular domain suffixes: “.com” “.net” “.org”
- 16. ICANN • Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers is a nonprofit organization responsible for coordinating the maintenance and procedures of several databases related to the namespaces and numerical spaces of the Internet, ensuring the network's stable and secure operation.
- 17. Countries and Their Domain Extensions .uk United Kingdom .sa Saudi Arabia .so Somalia .zw Zimbabwe
- 18. al Albania am Armenia an Netherlands Antilles ao Angola aq Antarctica ar Argentina as American Samoa at Austria au Australia aw Aruba cg Congo ch Switzerland ci Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) ck Cook Islands cl Chile cm Cameroon cn China co Colombia com US Commercial cr Costa Rica cs Czechoslovakia (former) cu Cuba cv Cape Verde cx Christmas Island cy Cyprus cz Czech Republic de Germany
- 19. dj Djibouti dk Denmark dm Dominica do Dominican Republic dz Algeria ec Ecuador edu US Educational ee Estonia eg Egypt eh Western Sahara er Eritrea es Spain et Ethiopia fi Finland fj Fiji fk Falkland Islands (Malvinas) fm Micronesia fo Faroe Islands fr France fx France (Metropolitan) ga Gabon gb Great Britain (UK) gd Grenada ge Georgia gf French Guiana gh Ghana gi Gibraltar gl Greenland
- 20. • Traditional one • Content can only be read or downloaded • It is Interactive . • Eg. blogs,social networking and e-commerce sites
- 21. HTTP • HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)is the set of rules for transferring files(text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web. • Protocol: A Protocol is a standard procedure for defining and regulating communication. For example TCP, UDP, HTTP etc.
- 22. • IP Address: An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for communication.
- 23. • TCP :Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is one of the two original core protocols of the Internet Protocol Suite (IP), and is so common that the entire suite is often called TCP/IP. TCP provides reliable, ordered, error-checked delivery of a stream of octets between programs running on computers connected to an intranet or the public Internet.
- 24. • Port Number : A port number is a 16 bit number which when associated with IP address , completes the destination address for a communications session. •Socket : A socket is nothing but a combination of IP address and port number. It is simply an end while communication.
- 25. Define the IP Address • A computer data network assigns a number called an Internet Protocol (IP) address to every computer and device connected to it. For example, your company’s Wi-Fi network might host many devices – smartphones, wireless printers and laptops. Each has an IP address, which works like the street address of a house or business. For example, when you print an invoice from a laptop, the network routes the data from the laptop to the printer using its IP addresses. IP addresses have two main formats: four decimal numbers each up to three digits long, separated by dots, or eight hexadecimal (base-16) numbers separated by colons. An IP address might look like “192.168.1.67” or “2600:1700:7170:fb10:93:ac4c:810e:6785.”
- 28. HYPERTEXT/HYPERMEDIA LINKS • Hypertext is text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access, or where text can be revealed progressively at multiple levels of detail (also called StretchText) HYPERTEXT:- It is a text which contains links to other texts. HYPERMEDIA :-Combines text based links with graphic audio and video links
- 32. Search engine • A web search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. • Web search engines are all about programmes that help you to narrow down your limitless choices of websites and zero in on the right one. • Search engines are important with over 8 billion web pages available, it would be impossible to search for the information that is specifically needed. • This is why search engines are used to filter the information that is on the internet and transform it into results that each individual can easily access and use within the matter of seconds.
- 33. Types of search engines • Crawler based search engines • Directories • Specialty search engines • Meta search engine • Hybrid search engine
- 34. Crawler based search engines • Crawler based search engines are search engines that use software programs that are called 'spiders', ‘crawlers’, ‘robots’ , ‘bots’ . • These programs can access the webpages to categorize and analyse them and then add them in the search engine data base, where any user can find them when searching. • The crawler based search engines are constantly updated with new webpage that would be available in their database. • Examples • Google • Yahoo • Ask.com