Unit 1 Business Computing

•Evolution and Generation
•Basic Computer Organization
•Types of Computers
INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTER SYSTEM
•Various Types of Software
•Programming Language Software’sSOFTWARE
INTRODUCTION TO
WINDOWS
•Microsoft Work
•Microsoft Excel
•Microsoft Power Point
•Microsoft Access
INTRODUCTION TO MS-
OFFICE PACKAGE
•Networking Basics, Topologies
•Software, Basics of Internet,
•E- mail, Risks and Protection of Networks.
NETWORKS
•Writing Logic for Program/ Pseudo Code (Flowcharting)
•Introduction to Programming Languages with examples in Visual Basic.
INTRODUCTION TO
PROGRAMMING
•SPSS/ Tally
INTRODUCTION TO ANALYSIS
/ ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE

MODULE 1
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTERS

DSIT 1001 Business Computing
History
• Abacus
– Sliding Beads on a rack
– Counting purpose
– Operators on addition and subtraction
– 300 B.C.
• Napier Bones
– Logarithmic value carved on ivory sticks
– Scotsman ->John Napier
– 1617

Abacus – Addition and Subtraction

Napier’s Bones - Multiplication

Steps……..Inventions
• Pascaline Machine
– Functional Automatic Calculator
– French Mathematician
– Blaise Pascal
– 1642
– gear-driven calculating machine
– Eight movable dials

Gear Engine

• Jacquard Powerloom
– 1801
– weave automatically
– Programs punched in cards
– read from punched wooden cards

Sample Punch card

• Differential Engine
– Charles Babbage – Father of Computers
– English Mathematician
– 1822
– First Computer
– Basic calc+ Log + Differential equation
– Steam Driven machine
– Single Stored program in Memory
– Memory + Central Processing Unit
– Punch Cards as memory

• Analytical Engine
– Charles Babbage
– 1833
– Fully functional
• differential engine
– Contains
• Input device as cards
• Control unit
• Output device

Steps…Inventions
• Hollerith Tabulator
– Herman Hollerith
– 1889
– U.S Census Bureau
– Official Purpose
– Punch cards
• store data
– Later IBM
• Mainframe+OS
• OS/2 -> OS with
windows

Memory Tapes

MainFrame Computers – 1955 - US

• ENIAC
– 1946
– John Eckert and John Mauchly
– Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator
– Electronic Vaccum Tubes
• EDVAC
– Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
– Capability to stop and resume
• EDSAC
– Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator
– 1949
– Maurice Wilkes
– Mercury delay lines – memory
– Vacuum tubes --- logic

• UNIVAC
– Universal Automatic Compute
– 1951
– Beginning of computer era
• 1970
– Integrated Circuits
– Replaces vaccum tubes
• 1980
– Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI)

Mini Comp. ---Apple1 -- $600 ---1976

IBM PC ---- 1990

Apple II

Micro Computers

Mini Computers

Main Frame Computer

Super Computers

Generation of Programming Languages

PC Components
Computer system - collection of electronic and
mechanical devices operating as a unit. The main
parts are:
1. System unit
2. Monitor
3. Keyboard
4. Mouse
5. Speakers
2
3 4
5
1

Activity 1
• Data Cable
• Power Cable

Computer Components
Hardware Software

All of the electronic and mechanical equipment in a
computer is called the hardware. Examples include:
• Motherboard
• Hard disk
• RAM
• Power supply
• Processor
• Case
• Monitor
• Keyboard
• Mouse
Hardware
Input
Devices
Central
Processing
Unit
Output
Devices

Group Activity
• Maximum Number of Components
• Listing
– Input Devices
– Output Devices
– Storage Devices
– Processing Devices
– Network Devices

Block Diagram of Computer

Input Output Devices

Input Devices
• Keyboard
• Point and draw devices
– Mouse, track ball, touch screen, light pen,joystick
• Scanning Devices
– OCR and OMR scanners,
• Electronic card based devices
– Bar code readers
• Speech Recognition Devices
• Vision Based Devices

Output Devices
• Two Types
– Hard Copy
– Soft Copy
• Monitor
• Printer
• Plotters
• Voice Responses

Data and Information
Data Information
•Data is the raw material that is to be
processed
•It is unorganized data or facts that
are to be processed.
•Data is useless unless it is processed
or has been made into something.
Data comes in figures, dates and
numbers and is not processed.
•Information is processed data.
•The data that can be made useful is
known as information.
•It cannot be generated without the
help of data.
•Information is processed and comes
in a meaningful form.

Central Processing Unit
The system unit is the main container for system
devices. It protects the delicate electronic and
mechanical devices from damage. Typical system
unit devices include:
• Motherboard
• CPU (Processor)
• Memory
• Disk drives
• Ports - USB etc.
• Power supply
• Expansion cards - sound card, network
card, graphics card etc.

Central Processing Unit
Computer program - a series of instructions. When a
program is run, the processor carries out these
instructions in an orderly fashion. Typical instructions
include:
• Arithmetic - addition, subtraction etc
• Logical - comparing data and acting according
to the result
• Move - move data from place to place within the
computer system - memory to the processor for
addition - memory to a printer or disk drive etc.

Mainboard or system board - the main circuit board
for the computer system. All device in the computer
system will either be part of the motherboard or
connected to it.
Motherboard
Processor
Socket
Memory
Sockets
Ports
PCI
Slots
Graphics Slot
Chipset

A computer power supply has a number of functions:
• Converts Alternating current (AC) Direct
current (DC)
• Transforms mains voltage (240 Volts) to the
voltages required by the computer. The main
voltages are:
Power Supply

Computer ports are interfaces between peripheral
devices and the computer. They are mainly found at
the back of the computer but are often also built into the
front of the computer chassis for easy access.
Ports at the rear of the computer
Ports at the front of the computer
Ports

Storage Device
• Computing hardware that is used for storing, porting and
extracting data files and objects
• It can hold and store information both temporarily and
permanently
• Can be internal or external to a computer

Primary Memory – Near to CPU

Primary Memory – RAM,ROM,Cache
RAM – Random Access Memory ROM – Read Only Memory
Cache – Fastest Memory

Primary Vs Secondary Memory

Classification of Secondary Storage

Unit 1 Business Computing

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Unit 1 Business Computing