During the pre-production stage of filmmaking, planning takes place for every aspect of the project including choosing a topic, researching, writing a script, creating a storyboard, determining roles and locations, and establishing a production schedule and budget. Key roles such as the director, producer, scriptwriter, and production designer are responsible for the creative vision, hiring actors, securing funding, and designing the visual elements of the film respectively. Pre-production ensures all elements are prepared before principal photography begins.