Unit 18 powerpoint
- 3. z Types of cinematography e quipment in school Camera mounts Tri-pod Gorilla-pod Dolly Jib Fig-rig Slider mount Steadicam Camera's DSLR Camera's Drone Camera's 4k Camcorder Action Camera (Go Pro) Video Camera 360° Camera Prosumer Camera Lens Wide Lens Telephoto Lens Fisheye Lens Standard Lens Sound attachments Lavaliere Microphone Shotgun Microphone Boom Microphone Wireless Microphone
- 4. z Types of cinematography equipment In Industry Camera mounts Tri-pod Gorilla-pod Dolly Jib Fig-rig Slider mount Steady cam Camera Crane Truck Mount Camera's DSLR Camera's Drone Camera's 4k Camcorder Action Camera (Go Pro) Video Camera 360° Camera Prosumer Camera 8k Red Camera Imax Camera Phantom flex 4k Lens Wide Lens Telephoto Lens Fisheye Lens Standard Lens Macro Lens Anamorphic Lens Short telephoto Super telephoto Sound attachments Lavalier Microphone Shotgun Microphone Boom Microphone Wireless Microphone Headset Microphone
- 5. z Aperture The Aperture refers to the opening of the lens diaphragm. A higher f/stop means less exposure (Light) as the lens diaphragm is slightly open whereas a lower f/stop means more exposure (Light) as the lens is more open.
- 6. z Shutter speed The shutter speed format is usually in 1/1000, 1/250, 1/30, 1/2, 1/4. The higher the bottom number, the faster the shutter speed is. Shutter speeds are measured in fractions of a second. Higher shutter speeds means less light enters the lens so with a high shutter speed a moving object is a lot clearer and visible than compared to a video shot with low shutter speed
- 7. z ISO ISO is a camera setting that either brightens or darkens your video. ISO is useful if you are filming in a dark place as it can be used to brighten up the video, but it should be used alongside aperture and shutter speed because if the ISO is too high it can create lots of grain/noise in your video making it unusable.
- 8. z Frames rate Different frame rates yield different viewing experiences and choosing a frame rate often means thinking about multiple factors, such as how realistic you want your video to look or whether you plan to use techniques like slow motion or motion-blur effects. Most movies (including ours) are filmed at 24 frames per second because it uses less film then shooting 60 frames per second. In a digital word this does not have the same impact, but in the film, world going from 24 to 60 frames could mean a huge cost in expenditures. Most animation is created at 12 frames per second it uses less resources while creating a smooth scene. 24fps is usually best for movies, 30fps is usually best for TV productions (such as news, drama and documentaries) whilst 60fps is better for sports footage .The DSLR camera did allow us to film up to 60 Frames per second. However, after some research we decided to film in 24 Frames per second as that would be best for cinematic quality footage. The reason sports is filmed at 60fps is so that it is clearer to see, and it'll be more enjoyable for the audience watching and with film 24fps is used because it creates natural motion blur which is good for cinematic effects.
- 9. z Camera mounts Tri-pods are useful for a static footage as they are completely still. Dollys are used for smooth video footage. Gorilla pods are handheld tri-pods that can be manipulated into different shapes making it easier to take a video that cannot be achieved by a tripod. Steadicams are good for steady video that you cannot achieve with a dolly as the camera can still be moved around in all directions.
- 10. z Cameras The use of camera drones is so that you can get crisp and clear aerial footage as drone technology advances the easier it is to get better aerial footage, and this is beneficial in cinematic video 4k Cam Corders are useful in cinematic footage because they are handheld high-quality cameras and because of this they can be used of certain shots that are difficult to get with regular 4k camera Action cameras are good for cinematic scenes where it is impossible to use a regular camera such as a POV scene or if a camera is too big to fit in a certain and that is why action cameras such as go pros are so good as they are light and small and still have high quality footage DSLRs can shoot professional-looking video, and they're cheaper and more accessible than your average professional-level camcorder. ... Each camera has its pros and cons: Some are built for low-light shooting, some are very light, some are easy to use, and a lot of older DSLRs don't shoot video at all. 360° are good for more immersive video and interactive video. 360° field of view so that it captures just about everything around the sphere. 360° cameras are needed when large visual fields need to be covered, such as shooting panoramas
- 11. z Camera mounts for cinematic footage Film maker will use camera mounts to get great shots examples include a crane mount, Truck mount, slider mount all these mounts are used for a smooth cinematic finish Truck mounts are used for fast action chases that need smooth footage such as a police chase. The crane shot allows the audience to leave a normal point of view, creating a novel perspective that's inherently cinematic
- 12. z Sound equipment Lavaliere Microphone are wireless microphones that connect to a person and can be used separately from the camera. A shotgun microphone is a tube that can be mounted on top of a camera A boom microphone is a large handheld microphone that is large enough to pick up sound but not able to appear in the frame.
- 13. z Depth of field Depth of field is the distance between the furthest and closest object that appears sharp. Settings like aperture will affect depth of field for example a low f stop will stay focused on one object, but a high f/stop will focus on multiple.
- 14. z Lens Wide angle lenses are generally used for scenes where you want to capture as much as possible. Landscapes, cityscapes. Fisheye lenses are similar like wide angle lenses but are mainly used for artistic and creative purposes. A standard lens, is one which produces an image that roughly matches what the human eye sees, and which looks natural to the viewer. A telephoto lens increases focal length. It's most commonly used to show far away objects with accurate perspective and with a level of precise detail that was once only possible with close- range photography. A wide angle lens expands the horizontal scope of a camera shot
- 16. z Three-point Lighting This is the traditional way of lighting an object or person in a scene, Three light sources are placed around the object or person in a triangular position. This setup is the best way of getting professional lighting within a product. The three types of light included in the three-point lighting setting are the .Key light - The key light is the first and usually most important light that a photographer, cinematographer, lighting cameraman, or other scene composer will use in a lighting setup. The purpose of the key light is to highlight the form and dimension of the subject Fill light - This light is meant to fill the remaining unlit space to bring out further detail of the subject. Back light - Sometimes referred to as a “rim light” or “hair light,” this final light in the three-point setup is meant to define the outline of the subject to emphasize three-dimensionality.
- 17. z On camera Video lights The reason on camera video LED lights are used is because they are well lit and are easily portable as they are already attached to the camera and because of this they are useful as you can get a well-lit video without having to use a 3-point lighting system as a 3-point lighting system isn't very portable. In our product we used a lot of natural lighting which had the ability to imitate lighting seen outdoors. We would make sure we already had access to natural light for example the sun or a light area in a building
- 18. z HMI Outdoor lighting HMI is a kind of light that uses an arc lamp to produce light. They are high-powered lights and are often used to illuminate outdoor sets. These lights are so bright that they can compete with the sun's brightness. Usually, they're used to mix with the sun's light.
- 19. z Chiaroscuro Use an Artificial Lighting Setup to Create a Chiaroscuro Effect. Creating an effective chiaroscuro portrait is easier than you may think. Use a flash with triggers and a light stand if you have them – and set the shutter very high, to remove any ambient light. This way the only light recorded is created by the flash. to achieve this setup, use one light source. Though it is perfectly acceptable to use multiple light sources, the idea of Chiaroscuro is to make the image APPEAR to be only be lit from one source. You must also remember to chooses a location that is naturally dark, then use one light source close to the subject to ensure it lights them and their surroundings.
- 20. z Different types of lights Tungsten lighting Tungsten lighting is a form of incandescent illumination that incorporates pressurized halogen gas. Tungsten lamps operate much like the filament-based incandescent light bulbs that were, until very recently, the bulb of choice for home lamps and lighting fixtures. Tungsten lights are very cheap and affordable for amateur filmmakers, plus their balanced colour rendering index allows them to relate the lighting like the human eye. They can be used for Light interiors and to match domestic places or office locations. Daylight. One simple way to ensure that your tungsten lighting doesn't clash with the natural light is to use a blue gel over the tungsten light. This will alter the colour of your tungsten bulb to more accurately match the daylight in your image. However, this lighting is best used in dark or night-time shots as it can create ambience within the scene. Florescent Lighting Fluorescent lighting is ideal for food, people/portraits, and plants since it stays cool to the touch, therefore won't melt your subjects! It is the easiest type of lighting to use when starting up an online business. They emit ultraviolet light and can be used to balance both outdoor and indoor lighting. Fluorescent film lighting is achieved by laying multiple tubes next to each other, combining as many as you want for the desired brightness. The good news is you can choose your bulbs to either be warm or cool depending on the scenario you're shooting. You want to get these bulbs close to the subject because they're not great at opening spaces. Fluorescent lighting is used to light interiors and is more compact and cooler than tungsten or HMI lighting. LED lights they generate much less heat than ordinary incandescent lights, as mentioned previously. They also draw much less power than traditional tungsten lights and HMIs of an equal output rating, making LEDs a natural choice for one shooting on-location. They are extremely portable and easy to use for beginner filmmakers. LEDs are more and more common on film sets. You can use batteries to power them. That makes them portable and sleek - no messy cabled needed. You can rig your own panels of LED lights to fit any space necessary as well. LED’s can also power Fresnel style lamp heads such as the Arri L- series.
- 21. z Different types of lights images Fluorescent Lights LED Lights Tungsten Lights
- 22. z Examples In our Unit 5 Film we used lighting to show a narrative for example we used light scene to show the good character and dark scenes to show the bad character In our product we utilised a lot of natural lighting which had the ability to imitate lighting seen outdoors. On the day of filming, we would ensure that we used the light already available on the location. One example of this is during scene four in which we used the bright sun to include the characters shadows with the shot.
- 24. z Settings To ensure we achieve cinematic quality footage, We must utilize the settings that are present on the DSLR, and smartphone camera. We are planning on making our footage darker using the ISO settings in the camera to match the themes of the story. This will match with the ambient lighting that we will be using within scenes that feature Ellis's character. This is to show the audience how his character has become corrupted by the seven personalities. Similarly, scenes that include Toby's character will be more saturated. Plus, will we use natural lighting, and film specifically when its sunny, to shower his character in light, to connote to the audience that he is a good person. We will film our product at a constant 24 frames per second as that will make our product look realistic enough, while also being less demanding on storage. Using the iPhone 13 camera we will have the ability to use the new cinematic feature. This will allow us to included depth of field meaning we could make creative shots that would switch focus from the foreground to the background. Also using the iPhone camera, we will be able to switch between 1x and 0.5x allowing us to film wide angle shots for the film. During filming we will use a lot of natural and ambient light as they can be used to connote the themes in the film such as binary opposition, and also convey the comedic, horror, and thriller aspects of our film. The ambient lighting, for example, is great at showing the audience that the scene will be dark and relate to generic convention within horror or thriller films. This story board was originally made as a gist of the main events present in the story. Such as Ellis's character robbing a house, being caught, then getting put into a coma. This scene is showed in the first three sections of the storyboard at the top. During this scene, we will film at 24fps and keep the iso at 300, this is because we want to include comedy into the scene, and lower the iso when Ellis's character appears and attacks Reece's character. We will also include a wider camera lens to create wide angle shots that include more than one character.
- 26. z Rushes