Unit Number 3 - Data collection and Statistical Analysis
- 1. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 1 Unit III: Data collection 1. Which of the following characteristic/s is/ are static? a. Static Error b. Lag c. Accuracy d. Bandwidth 2. Which of the following/s is/are the steps of sampling design? a. Sampling unit and frames b. Size of sample c. Analysis of data d. Parameters of interest 3. The effective way to increase precision is usually to select a better sampling design which has a ____________ sampling error for a given sample size at a given cost a. Larger b. Smaller c. Medium d. None 4. Non-sampling errors are present in a. Sample survey b. Pilot survey c. Census survey d. None 5. In which case, a census survey may provide the better results than any sample survey? a. If time and money are not important factors b. If time and money are important factors c. If the population is not so large d. If the population is so large
- 2. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 2 6. _____________is that sampling procedure which does not afford any basis for estimating the probability that each item in the population has of being included in the sample a. Non-probability sampling b. Probability sampling c. Random sampling d. None 7. Under ____________ design, every item of the universe has an equal chance of inclusion in the sample a. Non-probability sampling b. Probability sampling c. Random sampling d. None 8. Which of the following/s is/ are probability sampling? a. Simple random sampling b. Stratified sampling c. Quota sampling techniques d. Judgment sampling 9. Which of the following/s is/ are non-probability sampling? a. Systematic sampling b. Quota sampling techniques c. Simple random sampling d. Judgment sampling 10.When population elements are selected for inclusion in the sample based on the ease of access, it can be called ___________ a. Convenience sampling b. Judgement sampling c. Simple random sampling d. Systematic sampling
- 3. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 3 11.In _____________, the researcher’s judgement is used for selecting items which he considers as representative of the population a. Convenience sampling b. Judgement sampling c. Simple random sampling d. Systematic sampling 12.Judgement sampling is used in a. Qualitative research b. Quantitative research c. Both a and b d. None 13._________sampling where each and every item in the population has an equal chance of inclusion in the sample a. Systematic sampling b. Deliberate sampling c. Simple random sampling d. Stratified sampling 14.The most practical way of sampling is to select every ith item on a list is called a. Systematic sampling b. Deliberate sampling c. Simple random sampling d. Stratified sampling 15.Quota sampling is a. Non-probability sampling b. Random samples c. Judgement samples d. Probability sampling
- 4. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 4 16.The size of the quota for each stratum is generally _____________to the size of that stratum in the population a. Not proportionate b. Proportionate c. Largely proportionate d. None 17.The ___________ can make the sampling procedure relatively easier and increase the efficiency of field work, especially in the case of personal interviews a. Cluster sampling approach b. Quota sampling approach c. Area sampling approach d. Stratified sampling approach 18.The ___________ can make the sampling procedure relatively easier and increase the efficiency of field work, especially in the case of personal interviews a. Cluster sampling approach b. Quota sampling approach c. Area sampling approach d. Stratified sampling approach 19.Which sampling is used for large geographical area like an entire country? a. Area sampling b. Quota sampling c. Multi-stage sampling d. Sequential sampling
- 5. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 5 20.___________ is a sample design where the ultimate size of the sample is not fixed in advance but is determined according to mathematical decisions on the basis of information yielded as survey progresses a. Area sampling b. Quota sampling c. Multi-stage sampling d. Sequential sampling 21.Which of the following is/ are primary data collection methods? a. Through questionnaires b. Through schedules c. Interview method d. All 22.Which of the following method/s is/ are the observation methods? a. Participant observation b. Focussed interview c. Non- participant observation d. Clinical interview 23.Which of the following method/s is/ are the personal interview methods? a. Participant observation b. Focussed interview c. Non- participant observation d. Clinical interview 24.Under the___________, the information is sought by way of investigator’s own direct observation without asking from the respondent a. Observation method b. Through questionnaires, c. Through schedules d. All
- 6. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 6 25.When the observer is observing in such a manner that his presence may be unknown to the people he is observing, such an observation is described as ___________ a. Participant observation b. Non-Participant observation c. Uncontrolled observation d. Disguised observation 26.In __________, observation takes place according to definite pre-arranged plans, involving experimental procedure. a. Participant observation b. Controlled observation c. Uncontrolled observation d. Disguised observation 27.When observation is to take place without these characteristics to be thought of in advance, the same is termed as ______________ a. Participant observation b. Controlled observation c. Uncontrolled observation d. Unstructured observation 28.Structured observation is considered appropriate in a. Exploratory studies b. Descriptive studies c. Diagnostic studies d. Experimental studies 29.In _____________, the observational procedure is most likely to be relatively unstructured a. Exploratory studies b. Descriptive studies c. Diagnostic studies d. Experimental studies
- 7. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 7 30.Structured interview method is used in __________ while unstructured interview method is used in a. Exploratory studies and Exploratory studies b. Descriptive studies and Exploratory studies c. Diagnostic studies and Exploratory studies d. Exploratory studies and Experimental studies 31.___________is meant to focus attention on the given experience of the respondent and its effects a. Clinical interview b. Non-directive interview c. Focussed interview d. Unstructured interviews 32.The ___________ is concerned with broad underlying feelings or motivations or with the course of individual’s life experience a. Clinical interview b. Non-directive interview c. Focussed interview d. Unstructured interviews 33.In case of ____________, the interviewer’s function is simply to encourage the respondent to talk about the given topic with a bare minimum of direct questioning a. Clinical interview b. Non-directive interview c. Focussed interview d. Unstructured interviews 34.What is/ are the main aspects of a questionnaire: a. General form b. Question sequence c. Question formulation and wording d. All
- 8. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 8 35.The general form of a questionnaire is a. Structured questionnaire b. Directive questionnaire c. Non-directive questionnaire d. Unstructured questionnaire 36.The form of the question in structured questionnaire may be a. Closed b. Open c. constructed during questioning d. None 37.Good questionnaire should be a. Short and simple b. In logical sequence c. Dichotomous d. All 38._____________are usually postal sized cards which are used by dealers of consumer durables to collect information regarding their products a. Warranty cards b. Distributor audits c. Pantry audits d. Consumer panels 39._____________ are performed by distributors as well as manufactures through their salesmen at regular intervals a. Warranty cards b. Distributor audits c. Pantry audits d. Store audit
- 9. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 9 40._____________ technique is used to estimate consumption of the basket of goods at the consumer level a. Warranty cards b. Distributor audits c. Pantry audits d. Store audit 41.An extension of the pantry audit approach on a regular basis is known as a. Warranty cards b. Distributor audits c. Consumer panel d. Store audit 42.Consumer panel is used in a. Consumer expenditure b. Finding out what types of consumers buy certain products and certain brands c. Public opinion and radio and TV listenership among others d. All 43.Consumer panel is used in a. Consumer expenditure b. Finding out what types of consumers buy certain products and certain brands c. Public opinion and radio and TV listenership among others d. All 44._____________is set up to measure the effect of a particular phenomenon while __________ is often set up for an indefinite period with a view to collect data on a particular aspect of consumer behaviour over t.ime a. Transitory consumer panel and Continuing consumer panel b. Continuing consumer panel and Transitory consumer panel c. Continuing consumer panel and Continuing consumer panel d. Transitory consumer panel and Transitory consumer panel
- 10. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 10 45.Projective techniques play an important role in a. Motivational researches b. Attitude surveys c. Both d. None 46.Which of the following test/s is/ are projective techniques? a. Word association tests b. Sentence completion tests c. Story completion tests d. Verbal projection tests 47.Which of the following test/s is/ are pictorial techniques? a. Rosenzweig test b. Rorschach test c. Holtzman Inkblot Test d. All 48.Depth interview may be ____________ interview a. Projective b. Clinical interview c. Non-directive interview d. Non-projective 49.Which of the following characteristic/s secondary data possess ? a. Reliability of data b. Suitability of data c. Adequacy of data d. All
- 11. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 11 50.Which of the following is/ are not the basic concept/s related to the hypothesis? a. Type-I and Type-II errors b. Two-tailed c. One-tailed tests d. Type-III errors 51.____________is usually the one which one wishes to prove while _____________ is the one which one wishes to disprove a. Alternative hypothesis and Null hypothesis b. Null hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis c. Null hypothesis and Null hypothesis d. Alternative hypothesis and Alternative hypothesis 52.Level of significance is the probability of a. Type-II error b. Type-I error c. Type-III error d. Type-IV error 53.Type-I error a. Reject H0 when H0 is false b. Accept H0 when H0 is true c. Reject H0 when H0 is true d. Accept H0 when H0 is false 54.Type-II error a. Reject H0 when H0 is false b. Accept H0 when H0 is true c. Reject H0 when H0 is true d. Accept H0 when H0 is false
- 12. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 12 55._________ have ≠ sign in alternative hypothesis a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. None 56._________ have < sign in alternative hypothesis a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. None 57._________ have > sign in alternative hypothesis a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. None 58.The various steps involved in hypothesis testing are stated below: a. Setting up the hypothesis b. Selecting a significance level c. Test Statistics d. All 59.The factors that affect the level of significance is/ are a. Whether the hypothesis is directional b. Whether the hypothesis is non-directional c. Whether the hypothesis is null d. None
- 13. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 13 60.Critical value is obtained using a. Distribution of test statistic b. Level of significance c. Critical value d. Type of test 61.Value of test statistic < lower critical value or value of test statistic > upper critical value in case of a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. One-tailed test 62.Value of test statistic > critical value in case of a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. One-tailed test 63.Value of test statistic < critical value in case of a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. One-tailed test 64.______________test H0: μ= μ0 Against H1: μ ≠ μ0 a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. One-tailed test
- 14. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 14 65.______________test H0: μ= μ0 Against H1: μ < μ0 a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. One-tailed test 66.______________test H0: μ= μ0 Against H1: μ > μ0 a. Two-tailed test b. Right-tailed test c. Left-tailed test d. One-tailed test 67.Measures of central tendency is/ are a. Mean b. Range c. Mode d. Median 68.For which set the mean as well as median is 5 a. 5, 5, 5, 5, 5 b. 1, 3, 6, 7, 9 c. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 d. 1, 3, 4, 7, 9 69.What is median value for 60, 74, 80, 90, 95, 100? a. 80 b. 90 c. 88 d. 85 70.What is median value for 60, 74, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100? a. 80 b. 90 c. 88 d. 85
- 15. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 15 71.What is the mode of the data: 000, 000, 111, 111, 111, 111, 111, 111, 222, 222, 222, 333, 55 a. 000 b. 111 c. 222 d. 333 72.What is the mode of the data: 000, 000, 111, 111, 111, 222, 222, 222, 333, 55 a. 111 b. 111 and 222 c. 222 d. None 73.Measures of dispersion is/ are a. Mean b. Range c. Mean deviation d. Standard deviation 74.Range = _________________________ a. Highest value of an item in a series - Lowest value of an item in a series b. Lowest value of an item in a series - Highest value of an item in a series c. Highest value of an item in a series - median value of an item in a series d. Median value of an item in a series – lowest value of an item in a series 75. What is the range of {4, 6, 9, 3, 7}? a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 4
- 16. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 16 76.In case of_________, mode < median < mean a. Positive skewness b. Negative skewness c. Symmetric d. None 77.In case of_________, mean < median < mode a. Positive skewness b. Negative skewness c. Symmetric d. None 78.When the curve is stretched __________side more then we have _________skewness a. Right and negative b. Right and positive c. Left and positive d. None 79.When the curve is stretched __________side more then we have _________skewness a. Right and negative b. Left and positive c. Left and negative d. None 80.In case of bivariate population, Correlation can be studied through a. Covariance b. Karl Spearman’s coefficient of correlation c. Rank Correlation d. Coefficient of multiple correlation
- 17. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 17 81.In case of multivariate population: Correlation can be studied through a. Coefficient of multiple correlation b. Karl Spearman’s coefficient of correlation c. Rank Correlation d. Coefficient of partial correlation 82._________is a useful graphical representation to have some approximate idea of relationship between two variables a. Bar plot b. Scatter plot c. Histogram plot d. None 83.In ______________________, two variables changes values in the opposite direction a. Negative correlation b. Positive correlation c. No correlation d. None 84.In ______________________, two variables changes values in the same direction a. Negative correlation b. Positive correlation c. No correlation d. None 85.What is/ are not the properties of covarience? a. Cov(X+a, Y+ b) = Cov(X, Y) b. Cov(aX, bY) = ab Cov(X, Y) c. Cov(X+a, Y+ b) = (a+b)Cov(X, Y) d. Covariance can take any values from minus infinity to plus infinity
- 18. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 18 86.Karl Spearman’s coefficient of correlation takes the value a. 1 b. 0 c. -1 d. Infinity 87.Which of the following method/s is/ are not used for Testing Hypothesis about the Slope and Correlation Coefficient? a. t-Test for the Slope b. F-Test ANOVA c. Test for Correlation Coefficient d. z-Test 88.Which of the following method/s is/ are used for linear regression analysis? a. Coefficient of Determination b. Standard Error c. Assumptions or Conditions Required d. All 89.Types of estimates is/ are a. Point estimate b. Interval estimate c. Both d. None 90.Which of the following is/ are not multivariate techniques? a. Multivariate Anova b. Latent Structure Analysis c. Standard Error d. Multiple Discriminant Analysis
- 19. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 19 91.Factor analysis is by far the most often used _________technique of research studies a. Multivariate b. Univariate c. Bivariate d. None 92.Factor analysis is specially pertaining to a. Social Science b. Behavioural sciences c. Technology d. None 93._________technique is appropriate when the researcher has a single, metric criterion variable, which is supposed to be a function of other explanatory variables a. Discriminant analysis b. Multiple discriminant analysis c. Linear discriminant analysis d. None 94.The dependent variable is classified in more than two groups, then we use the name a. Discriminant analysis b. Multiple discriminant analysis c. Linear discriminant analysis d. None 95.Which of the following tool/tools is/ are for analysis? a. GenMyModel b. Matlab c. Rapidminer d. Gliffy
- 20. Research Methodology Sunita Milind Dol Page 20 96.Which of the following tool/tools is/ are for simulation? a. GenMyModel b. Matlab c. Rapidminer d. Gliffy 97.Which of the following tool/tools is/ are for modelling? a. GenMyModel b. Matlab c. Rapidminer d. Gliffy 98.Draw.io is tool for a. Modelling b. Simulation c. Analysis d. None 99.R-programming is tool for a. Modeling b. Simulation c. Analysis d. None 100. ANYLOGIC is tool for a. Modeling b. Simulation c. Analysis d. None