Unit testing with Junit
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This document discusses unit testing with JUnit. It provides an introduction to JUnit, explaining that JUnit is a testing framework for writing and running repeatable tests of units of Java code. It describes the basics of JUnit, including how tests are organized using annotations in JUnit 4 like @Test and how assertions are used to validate expected outcomes. The document also demonstrates a simple example of writing a JUnit test for a calculator class.
![JUNIT ASSERT STATEMENTS
• assertNotNull([message], object)
• Test passes if Object is not null.
• assertNull([message], object)
• Test passes if Object is null.
• assertEquals([message],expected, actual)
• Asserts equality of two values
• assertTrue(true|false)
• Test passes if condition isTrue
• assertNotSame([message], expected, actual)
• Test passes if the two Objects are not the same Object
• assertSame([message], expected, actual)
• Test passes if the two Objects are the same Object](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/unittestingwithjunit-130627042731-phpapp02/85/Unit-testing-with-Junit-24-320.jpg)
Unit testing with Junit
- 1. UNITTESTING WITH JUNIT Software Engineering Class Valerio Maggio, Ph.D. Candidate valerio.maggio@unina.it Prof.Adriano Peron May, 28th 2013
- 2. BRIEF INTROTOTHE CLASS It’s about UnitTesting It’s about JUnit+ It’s about Unit Testing with JUnit You say?!
- 3. DISCLAIMER • At the end of the class you (should)... 1. ..have learnt something more about unit testing; 2. ..have learnt what is JUnit, how to use it and when; 3. ..have realized how much important are testing activities! This is not a Tutorial Class ( maybe you already noticed that slides are in English...)
- 4. JUNIT PRELIMINARIES • Q: How many “types” of testing do you know? • A: SystemTesting, IntegrationTesting, UnitTesting.... • Q: How many “testing techniques” do you know? • A: Black Box and White BoxTesting Which is the difference? • Q:What type and technique do you think JUnit covers?
- 5. JUNIT WORDS CLOUD a.k.a. some random words (almost) related to JUnit UnitTesting JavaTesting Black BoxTesting Testing framework xUnit Test Suite Test Fixtures Test RunnersSimpleTest Program Testing Automation
- 7. Never in the field of software development was so much owed by so many to so few lines of code Martin Fowler THE IMPORTANCE OFTESTING
- 8. THE IMPORTANCE OFTESTING • During development, the first thing we do is run our own program • This is (sometimes) called Acceptance Testing Code Compile Run Test/Debug
- 9. WHO ARETHESETWO GUYS? Erich Gamma Kent Beck Creators of the xUnit Framework
- 10. XUNIT FRAMEWORK • A framework is a semi-complete application that provides a reusable, common structure that can be shared between applications. • Developers incorporate the framework in their own application an extend it to meet their specific needs. • Unit Test:A unit test examines the behavior of a distinct unit of work. • The “distinct unit of work” is often (but not always) a single method.
- 11. XUNIT DESIGN JUnit 3.x design was compliant with xUnit framework guidelines <<interface>> Test TestCase TestSuite MyTestCase * - JUnit - CppUnit - PyUnit - NUnit - XMLUnit - PHPUnit - RUnit - SUnit - .....
- 12. WHY A FRAMEWORK IS NEEDED? Let’s do a very dummy example... Q: How would you test this method?
- 13. VERY SIMPLETESTING STRATEGY Q: How would you improve it?
- 15. LESSON LEARNED ObjectiveTest + RepeatableTest = SimpleTest Program Disclaimer: The previous example showed a naive way to test (a.k.a. the wrong one) That was not JUnit!!
- 16. JAVA UNITTESTING FRAMEWORK • JUnit is a simple, open source framework to write and run repeatable tests. • It is an instance of the xUnit architecture for unit testing frameworks. • (source: http://junit.org) • JUnit features include: • Assertions for testing expected results • Test fixtures for sharing common test data • Test runners for running tests
- 17. JUNIT 3.X DESIGN RULES • All theTest classes must extendTestCase • Functionalities by inheritance • All the test method's names must start with the “keyword” test in order to be executed by the framework • testSomething(...) • testSomethingElse()
- 19. JUNIT 4.X DESIGN • Main features inspired from other Java UnitTesting Frameworks • TestNG • Test Method Annotations • Requires Java5+ instead of Java 1.2+ • Main Method Annotations • @Before, @After • @Test, @Ignore • @SuiteClasses, @RunWith
- 20. JUNITTEST ANNOTATIONS • @Test public void method() • Annotation @Test identifies that this method is a test method. • @Before public void method() • Will perform the method() before each test. • This method can prepare the test environment • E.g. read input data, initialize the class, ... • @After public void method()
- 21. JAVA ANNOTATIONS AT GLANCE • Meta DataTagging • java.lang.annotation • java.lang.annotation.ElementType • FIELD • METHOD • CLASS • Target • Specify to which ElementType is applied • Retention • Specify how long annotation should be available
- 22. @TEST ANNOTATION
- 23. JUNIT ANNOTATIONS (2) • @Ignore • Will ignore the test method • E.g. Useful if the underlying code has been changed and the test has not yet been adapted. • @Test(expected=Exception.class) • Tests if the method throws the named exception. • @Test(timeout=100) • Fails if the method takes longer than 100 milliseconds.
- 24. JUNIT ASSERT STATEMENTS • assertNotNull([message], object) • Test passes if Object is not null. • assertNull([message], object) • Test passes if Object is null. • assertEquals([message],expected, actual) • Asserts equality of two values • assertTrue(true|false) • Test passes if condition isTrue • assertNotSame([message], expected, actual) • Test passes if the two Objects are not the same Object • assertSame([message], expected, actual) • Test passes if the two Objects are the same Object
- 25. TESTING EXCEPTION HANDLING try-catch trick!
- 26. TESTINGTHE EXCEPTION HANDLING THE NEW WAY! Use the expected parameter of @Test annotation
- 27. TESTCALCULATOR JUNIT 4 TestAnnotation JUnit Assert
- 28. THETEST FAILS! (as expected) IDE: IntelliJ IDEA 12 CE http://www.jetbrains.com/idea/
- 29. REFERENCES 1/2 Professional Java JDK 5 Edition Richardson et. al.,Wrox Publications 2006 JUnit in Action, 2nd Ed. Massol et al. , Manning Pubs 2009
- 30. REFERENCES 2/2 Unit Test Frameworks Tools for High-Quality Software Development Paul Hamill, O’Reilly Media 2004 Kent Beck’s Original Testing Framework Paper http://www.xprogramming.com/testfram.htm