Fixed index annuities (FIAs) provide principal protection and upside potential pegged to a stock index like the S&P 500, while locking in annual gains. They offer an alternative to stocks and mutual funds for building wealth securely. While FIAs cap annual returns, typically between 5.5-12%, they avoid losses when markets decline. FIAs started gaining popularity after the 2000-2002 market crash as a safer way to grow wealth. Compared to CDs, FIAs provide tax-deferred growth and often higher returns. FIAs use stock market returns but guarantee the principal will never decrease.