Using models
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The document discusses models and their relationship to reality. It notes that models are representations of reality, not reality itself, and different people may perceive the same event in different ways. Phenomenologists aim to model human experience and perceptions, rather than just observable behaviors alone. The complexity of human interactions is explored, with various meanings and realities potentially present in the same event. Navigating social situations requires consideration of multiple perspectives and realities that may be in play.
Using models
- 1. USING MODELS
- 2. MODELS Don’t mistake the map for the territory:
- 3. MODELS Don’t mistake the map for the territory:
- 4. MODELS Don’t mistake the map for the territory:
- 5. MODELS This picture shows what your eyes see at a facilitated workshop This sociogram is one model (one of many) of what happened at the same workshop
- 6. MODELS What does the eye see? What does the model ‘see’? What can the eye not see? What can the model not see?
- 7. WHAT IS A SOCIOGRAM? Sociograms show interaction patterns for a group of people Each circle represents an individual. Should you label the circle with their role? or name the individual? Does the seating plan influence how people interact? Each line represents a ‘speech act’. The direction of the line indicates who was talking to whom.
- 8. PHENOMENOLOGY Behaviourists model (make models to explain) what people do . Behaviourists demand observable evidence So behaviourists reject everything but observable behaviour. Do different observers see the same actions? Can observers see an action without attributing meaning to it? Phenomenologists model (make models to explain) what people experience . Intentionality = purpose, be it conscious or otherwise Embodiment = body structure, skills, affordance (e.g. chairs don’t have affordance for flamingos, or in 18 th century Japan) Worldliness = a model of the world as previously experienced
- 9. IS IT REALLY THERE? Two people watch the same video One person sees something odd. The other person did not see it. Was it there? Behaviourists say ‘No’. We must replicate our results. Phenomenologists say ‘Yes’. We only access reality through our perceptions. If one person perceived it, then (in some sense) it was there.
- 10. IS IT REALLY THERE? Watch the video at: http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/39199153/ns/today-books/ Count how many times people in the white tops pass the ball.
- 11. MERLEAU PONTY Merleau Ponty’s ‘Phenomenology of Perception’ is difficult (like Sartre). What follows is just what Isobel got from it (right or wrong) In a workshop, we ‘see’ many different realities: A simple exchange of knowledge and expertise Genuine attempts to collaborate Emotional reactions (empathy, fear, helpfulness, embarrassment …) Exercise of power (or resisting power, or desisting from the use of power) Hard-nosed negotiation
- 12. MERLEAU PONTY In a workshop, as an event unfolds We seem to have many possible responses to choose from BUT: We perceive so many different realities Each reality gives a different meaning to the event Many realities demand different responses Must our response be acceptable to all meanings? Does one meaning have priority on this occasion? Suddenly it’s full of complexity, subtlety and dilemmas Whenever we deal with people, we navigate through all this