VLAN on packet Tracer
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This document describes configuring VLANs on switches in a mesh network topology using Cisco Packet Tracer. VLANs are configured to separate devices into two VLANs ("Even" and "Odd") based on whether the last digit of their IP addresses is even or odd. The configuration of each switch involves creating the VLANs, assigning access ports to VLANs based on connected device IP addresses, and configuring trunk ports between switches to allow VLAN traffic.
VLAN on packet Tracer
- 1. Affiliated with GTU A Open-Ended Problem Report on VLAN on packet tracer (Mesh topology) Prepared as a part of the requirements for the subject of Data Communication and Networking (2171008) BE IV, Semester VII (ELECTRONICS AND TELECOMMUNICATION) Submitted by: - 1. Prasiddh Makadiya 130080112029 2. Apar Trivedi 130080112057 3. Vatsal Bodiwala 140083112002 PROF. Anish Vahora (Faculty Guide) PROF. MEHUL B SHAH (Head of the Department) Academic year (2016-2017) GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICALUNIVERSITY BIRLA VISHWAKARMA MAHAVIDYALAYA
- 2. Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN):- In a traditional LAN, workstations are connected to each other by means of a hub or a repeater. These devices propagate any incoming data throughout the network. However, if two people attempt to send information at the same time, a collision will occur and all the transmitted data will be lost. Once the collision has occurred, it will continue to be propagated throughout the network by hubs and repeaters. The original information will therefore need to be resent after waiting for the collision to be resolved, thereby incurring a significant wastage of time and resources. To prevent collisions from traveling through all the workstations in the network, a bridge or a switch can be used. These devices will not forward collisions, but will allow broadcasts (to every user in the network) and multicasts (to a pre-specified group of users) to pass through. A router may be used to prevent broadcasts and multicasts from traveling through the network. The workstations, hubs, and repeaters together form a LAN segment. A LAN segment is also known as a collision domain since collisions remain within the segment. The area within which broadcasts and multicasts are confined is called a broadcast domain or LAN. Thus a LAN can consist of one or more LAN segments. Defining broadcast and collision domains in a LAN depends on how the workstations, hubs, switches, and routers are physically connected together. This means that everyone on a LAN must be located in the same area (see Figure1). Figure 1: Physical view of a LAN VLAN's allow a network manager to logically segment a LAN into different broadcast domains (see Figure2). Since this is a logical segmentation and not a physical one, workstations do not
- 3. have to be physically located together. Users on different floors of the same building, or even in different buildings can now belong to the same LAN. Physical View Logical View Figure 2: Physical and logical view of a VLAN. VLAN's also allow broadcast domains to be defined without using routers. Bridging software is used instead to define which workstations are to be included in the broadcast domain. Routers would only have to be used to communicate between two VLAN's.
- 4. Mesh topology A network setup where each computer and network device is interconnected with one another, allowing for most transmissions to be distributed, even if one of the connections go down. This topology is not commonly used for most computer networks as it is difficult and expensive to have redundant connection to every computer. However, this topology is commonly used for wireless networks. Below is a visual example of a simple computer setup on a network using a mesh topology. A mesh topology can be a full mesh topology or a partially connected mesh topology. In a full mesh topology, every computer in the network has a connection to each of the other computers in that network. The number of connections in this network can be calculated using the following formula (n is the number of computers in the network): n(n-1)/2 In a partially connected mesh topology, at least two of the computers in the network have connections to multiple other computers in that network. This is a cheaper way to build a network that has some redundancy in the event one of the primary computers or connections in the network were to be down. Description:- In this Open-Ended Problem we have design VLAN on Cicso packet Tracer. Switch0, Switch1, Switch2, Switch3 and Switch4 are connected in mesh topology. Three PCs are connected with every switch 0-4. In this problem VLAN is design on based on its IP address. If last pair in dotted decimal formal IP address is odd then it is in VLAN 3 named ‘Odd’. If last pair in dotted decimal formal IP address is even then it is in VLAN 2 named ‘Even’.
- 5. VLAN 2 (Even) VLAN 3 (Odd) 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.6 192.168.0.5 192.168.0.8 192.168.0.7 192.168.0.10 192.168.0.9 192.168.0.12 192.168.0.11 192.168.0.14 192.168.0.13 192.168.0.15 Switch0 Switch1 Switch2 Switch3 Switch4 192.168.0.1 192.168.0.4 192.168.0.7 192.168.0.10 192.168.0.13 192.168.0.2 192.168.0.5 192.168.0.8 192.168.0.11 192.168.0.14 192.168.0.3 192.168.0.6 192.168.0.9 192.168.0.12 192.168.0.15 VLAN on packet tracer (Mesh topology)
- 6. Command in switch0 Command Line Interface (CLI) :- Switch>en Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#vlan 2 Switch(config-vlan)#name even Switch(config-vlan)#exit Switch(config)#vlan 3 Switch(config-vlan)#name odd Switch(config-vlan)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa0/1 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa0/2 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa0/3 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#end Switch# Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#interface fa 0/4 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up
- 7. Switch>en Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#interface fa 0/5 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up Command in switch1 Command Line Interface (CLI) :- Switch> Switch>en Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#vlan 2 Switch(config-vlan)#name even Switch(config-vlan)#exit Switch(config)#vlan 3 Switch(config-vlan)#name odd Switch(config-vlan)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa 0/1
- 8. Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa 0/2 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#interface fa 0/3 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if)#exit Switch(config)#end Switch# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#interface fa 0/4 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#interface fa 0/4 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up
- 9. %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up Command in switch2 Command Line Interface (CLI) Switch>en Switch# Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#vlan 2 Switch(config-vlan)#name even Switch(config-vlan)#e Switch(config)#vlan 3 Switch(config-vlan)#name odd Switch(config-vlan)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/1 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#end Switch# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)# Switch(config)# Switch(config)# Switch(config)#interface fa 0/2 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#
- 10. Switch(config)# Switch(config)#interface fa 0/3 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)# Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)# Switch(config)# Switch(config)#interface fa 0/4 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up
- 11. Command in switch3 Command Line Interface (CLI) Switch>en Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#vlan 2 Switch(config-vlan)#name even Switch(config-vlan)#e Switch(config)#vlan 3 Switch(config-vlan)#name odd Switch(config-vlan)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/1 Switch(config-if)# Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/2 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/3 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/4 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/4, changed state to up Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/5 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk
- 12. Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up Switch(config-if)#interface fa 0/6 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up Switch(config-if)#interface fa 0/5 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/6 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/7 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up Command in switch4 Command Line Interface (CLI) Switch> Switch>en Switch#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#vlan 2 Switch(config-vlan)#name even Switch(config-vlan)#e Switch(config)#vlan 3
- 13. Switch(config-vlan)#name odd Switch(config-vlan)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/1 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/2 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2 Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/3 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 3 Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/4 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/5 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/5, changed state to up Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)#interface fa 0/6 Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/6, changed state to up Switch(config-if)#e Switch(config)# Switch(config)#interface fa 0/7
- 14. Switch(config-if)#switchport mode trunk Switch(config-if)# %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to down %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/7, changed state to up OUTPUT :- Packet Tracer PC Command Line 1.0 PC>ping 192.168.0.1 Pinging 192.168.0.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.1: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.1: bytes=32 time=20ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.0.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 20ms, Average = 5ms PC>ping 192.168.0.2 Pinging 192.168.0.2 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out.
- 15. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.2: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), PC>ping 192.168.0.3 Pinging 192.168.0.3 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.3: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.3: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.3: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.3: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.0.3: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 3ms PC>ping 192.168.0.4 Pinging 192.168.0.4 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.4: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), PC>ping 192.168.0.5
- 16. Pinging 192.168.0.5 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.5: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.0.5: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms PC>ping 192.168.0.6 Pinging 192.168.0.6 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.6: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), PC>ping 192.168.0.7 Pinging 192.168.0.7 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.7: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.7: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128
- 17. Reply from 192.168.0.7: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.7: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.0.7: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 3ms PC>ping 192.168.0.8 Pinging 192.168.0.8 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.8: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), PC>ping 192.168.0.9 Pinging 192.168.0.9 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.9: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.9: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.9: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.9: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.0.9: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
- 18. Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms PC>ping 192.168.0.10 Pinging 192.168.0.10 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.10: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), PC>ping 192.168.0.11 Pinging 192.168.0.11 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.11: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.11: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.11: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.11: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.0.11: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 2ms PC>ping 192.168.0.12
- 19. Pinging 192.168.0.12 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.12: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss), PC>ping 192.168.0.13 Pinging 192.168.0.13 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.0.13: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.13: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.13: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Reply from 192.168.0.13: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128 Ping statistics for 192.168.0.13: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 2ms, Average = 0ms PC>ping 192.168.0.14 Pinging 192.168.0.14 with 32 bytes of data: Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Request timed out. Ping statistics for 192.168.0.14: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 0, Lost = 4 (100% loss)
- 20. CONCLUSION: Thus, we have designed Virtual LAN and it’s connection.