VMware Vsphere Graduation Project Presentation
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This document discusses virtual machine creation and management topics including vNetwork, vStorage, vMotion, DRS, and high availability (HA). It covers virtual machine hardware configuration, the files that make up a virtual machine, VMware Tools, and virtual machine power options. It also summarizes storage protocols, thin and thick provisioning, methods for migrating virtual machines, and how vMotion and DRS work. Finally, it discusses HA features like protection at different availability levels, using NIC teaming or additional networks for redundancy, and how the HA cluster architecture functions with a master and slave agents.
VMware Vsphere Graduation Project Presentation
- 1. Virtual Machine Creation & Management vNetwork vStorage vMotion & DRS High Availability (HA) Topics
- 2. Virtual Machine Virtual Machine Hardware hardware 3D 1 IDE controller 4 devices up to 3 parallel ports up to 4 serial/com ports AHCI controller 1 USB controller 20 Devices 1 floppy controller 2 Devices up to 10 NICs 15 devices per adapter up to 1TB of RAM up to 4 SCSI adapters up to 64 vCPUs
- 3. New Virtual Machine Configuration • Typical or custom Name and Location Resource Pool Datastore Guest Operating System Create a Disk Ready to Complete
- 4. Files That Make Up a Virtual Machine VM folder Configuration file (<VM_name>.vmx) Swap files (<VM_name>.vswp) (vmx-<VM_name>.vswp) BIOS file (<VM_name>.nvram) Log files (vmware.log) Template file (<VM_name>.vmtx) Raw device map file (<VM_name>-rdm.vmdk) Disk descriptor file (<VM_name>.vmdk) Disk data file (<VM_name>-flat.vmdk) Suspend state file (<VM_name>.vmss) Snapshot data file (<VM_name>.vmsd) Snapshot state file (<VM_name>.vmsn) Snapshot disk file (<VM_name>-delta.vmdk)
- 5. Features of Tools include: Device drivers: SVGA display vmxnet/vmxnet3 Balloon driver for memory management Sync driver for quiescing I/O Improved mouse Time synchronization Ability to shut down virtual machine Adds additional choices to Perfmon DLL. VMware Tools VMware Tools icon Install VMware Tools into the guest operating system.
- 6. Virtual Machine Management Virtual Machine Power Options Power • • • • Power On Power Off Suspend Reset VM Snapshot Snapshot Actions • • • • Take Revert Go to Delete Cloning Template Creating Templates • • VM: clone to template VM: convert to template
- 7. Virtual Machine Creation & Management vNetwork vStorage vMotion & DRS High Availability (HA) Topics
- 8. VMware ESXi™ networking features allow the following: Virtual machines to communicate with other virtual and physical machines Management of the ESXi host The VMkernel to access IP-based storage and perform VMware vSphere® vMotion® migrations Failure to properly configure ESXi networking can negatively affect virtual machine management and storage operations. Importance
- 9. A virtual network supports two types of virtual switches: vNetwork standard switches: Virtual switch configuration for a single host vNetwork distributed switches: Virtual switches that provide a consistent network configuration for virtual machines as they migrate across multiple hosts ( DRS , vMotion) Types of Virtual Switches View within single host Port Groups Physical Adapters l SwitchVirtual Machine Port Group vmnic0 VMkernel Port vmnic1 v Virtua Switc
- 10. A virtual switch allows the following connection types: Virtual machine port groups VMkernel port: For IP storage, vSphere vMotion migration, VMware vSphere® Fault Tolerance For the ESXi management network Types of Virtual Switch Connections
- 11. Virtual Machine Creation & Management vNetwork vStorage vMotion & DRS High Availability (HA) Topics
- 12. Storage Overview storage technology datastore types FCoE iSCSI Fibre Channel direct attached file system NAS NFSVMware vSphere® VMFS VMware ESXi™ hosts
- 13. Storage Protocol Overview Storage Protocol Supports Boot from SAN Supports VMware vSphere® vMotion® Supports VMware vSphere® High Availability Supports VMware vSphere® Distributed Resource Scheduler™ (DRS) Supports Raw Device Mapping Fibre Channel ● ● ● ● ● FCoE ● ● ● ● ● iSCSI ● ● ● ● ● NFS ● ● ● DAS ● ● VMware Virtual SAN ● ● ●
- 14. vNetworkvCompute vStorage (Thin & Thick) Provisioning ... - ....... . . - .......... o 精簡 20GB 40GB 100GB 20GB 20GB 40GB 100GB 60GB 20GB ESX
- 15. Virtual Machine Creation & Management vNetwork vStorage vMotion & DRS High Availability (HA) Topics
- 16. Migration: Moving a virtual machine from one host or datastore to another host or datastore. Types of migrations: Cold: Migrate a virtual machine that is powered off. Suspended: Migrate a virtual machine that is suspended. vSphere vMotion: Migrate a virtual machine that is powered on. vSphere Storage vMotion: Migrate a virtual machine’s files, while the virtual machine is powered on, to another datastore. Migrating Virtual Machines
- 17. Vmotion & DRS • Relocate running VM from one datastore to another datastore with zero downtime Relocate across different storage types• • Change VM disk format (thick or thin) ..-S . X . / . APP APP APP OS OS OS
- 18. Virtual Machine Creation & Management vNetwork vStorage vMotion & DRS High Availability (HA) Topics
- 19. Protection at Every Level
- 20. A highly available system is one that is continuously operational for an optimal length of time. High Availability Level of Availability Downtime Per Year 99% 87 hours (3.5 days) 99.9% 8.76 hours 99.99% 52 minutes 99.999% 5 minutes Which level of virtual machine availability is important to you?
- 21. You can use NIC teaming to create a redundant heartbeat network on ESXi hosts. Ports or port groups that are used must be VMkernel ports. Redundancy Using NIC Teaming NIC Teaming on an ESXi Host
- 22. Redundancy Using Additional Networks You can also create redundancy by configuring more heartbeat networks: On each ESXi host, create a second VMkernel port on a separate virtual switch with its own physical adapter.
- 23. Redundancy Using Additional ESXI (Hosts) Every host runs an agent. • • Referred to as (FDM) or Fault Domain Manager One of the agents within the cluster is chosen to assume the role of the Master There is only one Master per cluster during normal operations All other agents assume the role of Slaves ESX 01 ESX 03 • There is concept no more Primary/Secondary with vSphere HA ESX 02 ESX 04 vCenter