Von Open Data zu Linked Open Data, M. Kaltenböck, SWC

Putting the L in front Von Open Data zu Linked Open Data Vorteile & Potentiale der Vernetzung offener Daten 28.11. 2011, AGEO-Veranstaltung: Open(Geo)GovernmentData, Wien Martin Kaltenböck These slides are published under : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 @semwebcompany @OGDAustria @lod2project

Open Government (Data) Eine kurze Einführung Grafik: openchandler.org

Open Government ist spätestens seit der 'Transparency Directive' von US Präsident Barack Obama, kurz nach seinem Amtsantritt im Jänner 2009, im Bereich eGovernment ein weltweit bedeutendes Thema! Hier wird eine moderne Zusammenarbeit von Politik, Verwaltung, Zivilgesellschaft und Wirtschaft postuliert, mit den Zielen: Transparenz zu fördern Partizipation und Kollaboration zu ermöglichen Teilbereich von Open Government = Open Government Data Was ist Open Government?

Lucke & Geiger (Zeppelin Universität) Offene Verwaltungsdaten sind jene Datenbestände des öffentlichen Sektors, die von Staat und Verwaltung im Interesse der Allgemeinheit ohne jedwede Einschränkung zur freien Nutzung, zur Weiterverbreitung und zur freien Weiterverwendung frei zugänglich gemacht werden. OKFO – Open Knowledge Forum Österreich Open Government Data is a worldwide movement to open data (& information/content) of the government / public administration* - that is NOT personal (individual related) – in human- AND maschine-readable open (non proprietary) formats for re-use (by civil society, economy, media, academia AND politics & public administration itsself)! * ….. data and information produced or commissioned by government or government controlled entities Was ist Open Government Data? Prof. Dr. Jörn von Lucke Christian P. Geiger, M.A http://www.zeppelin-university.de/deutsch/lehrstu OKFO OKFO – http://gov.opendata.at

Vollständigkeit Alle öffentlichen Daten werden verfügbar gemacht. Als Öffentliche Daten werden hierbei Daten verstanden, die nicht berechtigten Datenschutz-, Sicherheits- oder Zugangsbeschränkungen unterliegen. Primärquelle Die Daten werden an ihrem Ursprung gesammelt. Dies geschieht mit dem höchstmöglichen Feinheitsgrad, nicht in aggregierten oder sonst wie modifizierten Formaten. Zeitnah Daten werden so zügig, wie zur Werterhaltung, notwendig zur Verfügung gestellt. Leichter Zugang Der Zugang zu Daten soll so leicht wie möglich sein (z.B.: Angebot von Formaten, APIs etc). Maschinenlesbar Daten werden zur automatisierten Verarbeitung strukturiert zur Verfügung gestellt. Nicht diskriminierend Daten sind für ALLE verfügbar, ohne dass z.B. eine Registrierung notwendig ist. Nicht proprietär Daten werden in standardisierten Formaten bereit gestellt, über die keine juristische Person die alleinige Kontrolle hat. Lizenzfrei Daten unterliegen keinem Urheberrecht, Patenten, Markenzeichen oder Geschäftsgeheimnissen. Sinnvolle Datenschutz-, Sicherheits- und Zugangsbeschränkungen sind zulässig. Die Einhaltung dieser Prinzipien ist überprüfbar. PLUS: Sunlight Foundation, August 2010: 9) Dauerhaftigkeit / Stetigkeit & 10) Nutzungskosten 8 Prinzipien von Open Government Data

20. 10. 2011, OGD Camp 2011 Warsaw - http://blogs.ec.europa.eu/neelie-kroes/tag/open-data/ I’ve said before that I’m a big fan of open data. Opening up public data will get citizens involved in society and political life, increase the transparency of public administration, and improve public decision making. Those benefits cannot be overestimated. And public data can be used in many unexpected ways, too: as the father of the Internet, Tim Berners-Lee, put it : “if people put data onto the web… it will be used by other people to do wonderful things in ways that they never would have imagined”. There’s a huge amount of money here, and a huge amount of opportunity. I want to see Europe at the forefront of this development. So I’m going to be taking action to open up Europe’s public sector, by promoting creative and innovative re-use of public data. Open Government Data in Europa

Von Open Data zu Linked Open Data

Was ist wichtig, wenn man über ‚OGD in Use‘ spricht? Interoperabilität, um einfache & breite Nutzung zu gewährleisten Menschen UND Maschinenlesbare Daten & Metadaten In OFFENEN Formaten Für eine rasche, einfache und kostensparende Datenintegration Um Effekte auf verschiedenen Ebenen zu generieren: lokal – regional – national – EU weit & weltweit Für verschiedene Zielgruppen mit unterschiedlichen Interessen! Öffentliche Verwaltung (auch für interne Verwendung!!) Politiker & Entscheidungsträger Bürgerinnen & Bürger (Citizen Analysts) Wirtschaft & Industrie (Datenintegration, -anreicherung, APPs) (Daten) Journalismus, Medien & Verlage Wissenschaft & Bildung OGD in Use: Was ist wichtig & für Wen?!

5 Stars for Open Data by Tim Berners Lee

The Evolution of the Internet Documents on the Web Web of Documents AKA Hypertext Data on the Web AKA Open Data Web of Data AKA Hyperdata

Give things an URI! Use RDF for Publishing! Link your Data to other Data (as well as the data models)! Provide a Standard-API on top Provide an API! Organise Data! License Data! Raw Data now! Publish Data! Use Web-Technologies Use Linked Data! Von Open Data zu Linked Open Data The web is an Ecosystem Networked Data creates Network Effects Lowers Costs of Data Integration

Data Integration on User Level and Application Level The Idea of Hyperdata

Integration on Data Level Application and/or API The Idea of Hyperdata

Die gute Nachricht – die LOD Cloud http://bit.ly/d37p4i ~20 bio. triples

CC-BY-SA von campuspartybrasil (flickr) Linked Data realizes the vision of evolving the Web into a global data commons, allowing applications to operate on top of an unbounded set of data sources, via standardised access mechanisms. I expect that Linked Data will enable a significant evolutionary step in leading the Web to its full potential. The Vision of the new Internet

Also take the Metadata into account! Towards Open Government Metadata (Sept 2010) In the EU eGovernment Action Plan semantic interoperability is mentioned “…as an essential precondition for open, flexible delivery of eGovernment services ”. Metadata Ignorance Public administrations should become aware of the importance of Metadata in eGovernment and the need for coherent relevant management policies. Scattered or Closed Metadata Public administrations should organize the scattered Metadata in structured repositories, catalogues or libraries and provide open access to the collected resources. Open Metadata for Humans & Open Reuseable Metadata Public administrations should provide services to query, browse and export their Metadata in a machine-readable and preferably non-proprietary format (e.g. CSV, XML). Linked Open Metadata Public administrations should consider applying linked metadata policies, including use of RDF to document their Metadata, persistent design, use and maintenance of URIs, linking to external vocabularies/schemata, harmonize their resources to third parties' resources etc. http:// www.semic.eu/semic/view/documents/towards_open_government_metadata.pdf

Linked Open Data benefits & LOD in use

Interoperabilty & Standards Henry Maudslay (1771 – 1831) He also developed the first industrially practical screw-cutting lathe in 1800, allowing standardisation of screw thread sizes for the first time. This allowed the concept of interchangeability (a idea that was already taking hold) to be practically applied to nuts and bolts. Before this, all nuts and bolts had to be made as matching pairs only. This meant that when machines were disassembled, careful account had to be kept of the matching nuts and bolts ready for when reassembly took place. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Maudslay John Sheridan, OGD2011 Conference, Vienna, Austria: http://www.slideshare.net/semwebcompany/linking-uk-government-data-john-sheridan/

Misconceptions about Linked Open Data All of us have to use ONE schema Everything needs to be switched to RDF We all have to learn SPARQL, there are no standard (web) APIs LOD is a pure academic approach LOD can only be used by Semantic Web experts We have to change our data integration & -management approaches

Enables web-scale data publishing - distributed publication with web-based discovery mechanisms Everything is a resource – follow your nose to discover more about properties, classes, or codes within a code list Everything can be annotated - make comments about observations, data series, points on a map Easy to extend - create new properties as required, no need to plan everything up-front Easy to merge - slot together RDF graphs, no need to worry about name clashes Easy use and re-use on top of common schemas AND schema mapping Allows complex querying of several distributed data sources & systems The Power of Linked Open Data

Less replication (offering same datasets in different places) Encouragement to re-use existing datasets Clear which datasets are providing similar / same information More innovation because datasets can be put in a new context and lead to interesting applications Put information in context and thereby create knowledge The Benefits of Linked Open Data

Linked Open Data as a ‚national digital infrastructure‘

START A CATALOGUE RELEASE DATASETS GIVE THEM A URI LINK THEM MAP IT LONDON VIENNA UK BERLIN AUSTRIA SCHOOLS PISA-RESULTS PUBLIC BUILDINGS SUPERINTENDENT‘S REPORT TYPES OF SCHOOLS PRIV. RANKING TYPES OF SCHOOLS SCHOOLS SCHOOLS SCHOOL FEES EDU STATISTICS DEMOGRAPHIC BUDGET

Linked Open Data in the Intranet http://bit.ly/21LmMA

Cost of Data Integration – 2 Approaches Source: Price Waterhouse Coopers – Technology Forecast, Spring 2009 Can we afford to mash the data with ours?

LOD – Huge Economic Potentials http://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/publications/big_data/index.asp Data have swept into every industry and business function and are now an important factor of production, alongside labor and capital . Harnessing big data in the public sector has enormous potential, too. If US health care were to use big data creatively and effectively to drive efficiency and quality, the sector could create more than $300 billion in value every year . Two-thirds of that would be in the form of reducing US health care expenditure by about 8 percent. In the developed economies of Europe , government administrators could save more than €100 billion ($149 billion) in operational efficiency improvements alone by using big data, not including using big data to reduce fraud and errors and boost the collection of tax revenues. And users of services enabled by personal location data could capture $600 billion in consumer surplus.

Benefit for Developers: APIs Students 2010/2011 in cities & communities by school types Places sorted by city & community numbers and postal codes getNumberStudents(PostalCode) Postal Code: GO

Benefit for Developers: LOD Students 2010/2011 in cities & communities and by school types Places sorted by city & community numbers and by postal codes getNumberStudents(PostalCode) Geo names accident frequency 2010/2011 by cities & communities OSM

Creating Knowledge out of Interlinked Data

Creating Knowledge out of Interlinked Data Research focus Very large RDF data management Enrichment & Interlinking Fusion & Information Quality Adaptive User Interfaces 3 Use Cases Media & Publishing Linked Enterprise Data Open Government Data 15 Partners of 12 countries University of Leipzig, Germany DERI Galway, Ireland FU Berlin, Germany Semantic Web Company, Austria OpenLink Software, UK TenForce, Belgium Exalead, France Wolters Kluwer, Germany Open Knowledge Foundation, UK CWI, Netherlands Zemanta, Slovenia University of Economics, Czech Republic Instytut Informatyki Gospodarczej, Poland MP: Institute Mihajlo Pupin, Serbia KAIST, Korea LOD2 in a Nutshell

Objective Applying Linked Data technologies in an enterprise stack to support Human Resources (HR) related issues. ENTERPRISE APPLICATIONS Exalead, France MEDIA & PUBLISHING Wolters Kluwer Germany LINKED OPEN GOVERNMENT DATA Open Knowledge Foundation, UK Objective Improving accessibility, findability and reusability of Open Government Data publicdata.eu Objective Supporting content-related production workflows in the media & publishing industry. 3 Use Cases of LOD(2) in Use

Free to Use: The LOD2 Stack 1 st release of the LOD2 stack available at: http://stack.lod2.eu Integrated distribution of aligned tools which support the life-cycle of Linked Data from The LOD2 Stack also makes use of dataset metadata repositories such as thedatahub.org and http://publicdata.eu . Online demo at http://demo.lod2.eu/lod2demo . Virtual machine image http://stack.lod2.eu/VirtualMachines/ Details & instructions HOWTO Start document

LOD2: Outreach & Information LOD2 Webinar Series: The LOD2 Stack: 29.11. 2011, 04.00pm CET http://lod2.eventbrite.com/ Publink LOD Consulting Service – 2nd Call opens November 2011 http://lod2.eu/Article/Call_2011.html Where you can find all information Website: http://lod2.eu Weblog: http://blog.lod2.eu Twitter: http://twitter.com/lod2project Mailing List: [email_address] SlideShare: http://www.slideshare.net/lod2project Remark : please use #lod2 on twitter to referr & connect with: @ lod2project Many thanks in advance!! AND: #lod2stack in use now!

OGD – Ausblick, Events, Infos AGEO 2011, Open(Geo)GovernmentData, 28.11. 2011 http://www.ageo.at/anmeldung gov2.0 camp Wien, 02.12. 2011 http://www.barcamp.at/Gov2.0camp_Vienna_2011 Open Data & Business Event (LOD2), ~21./22.03. 2012, Wien Infos in Kürze: http://blog.lod2.eu ePSIplatform Konferenz 2012, April 2012 Infos in Kürze: http://epsiplatform.eu/ Infos & Mailinglisten: Linked Open Data (EN): http://lists.okfn.org/mailman/listinfo/lod2 Open Data & Business (EN): http://lists.okfn.org/mailman/listinfo/ogd-business OKFO / OGD Austria (DE): http://opendata.at/okfo

Infos & Kontakt Martin Kaltenböck, CMC Semantic Web Company GmbH (SWC) Lerchenfelder Gürtel 43 A-1160 Wien Semantic Web Company (SWC) Web http://www.semantic-web.at http://blog.semantic-web.at [email_address] Phone: +43-1-402 12 35–25 Open Government Data OGD Austria Austrian Chapter of the OKFN Web http://gov.opendata.at LOD2 Creating Knowledge out of Interlinked Data Web http://www.lod2.eu Blog http://blog.lod2.eu

Von Open Data zu Linked Open Data, M. Kaltenböck, SWC

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