Weather
- 1. WeatherWeather Movement of EnergyMovement of Energy
- 2. Earth’s Energy BalanceEarth’s Energy Balance Is the balance between the sun’s energyIs the balance between the sun’s energy and the earth’s energyand the earth’s energy Multiple different types of energyMultiple different types of energy Radiation, conduction, convection,Radiation, conduction, convection, advection, reflection, absorption, heat sink,advection, reflection, absorption, heat sink, heat capacity, and electromagneticheat capacity, and electromagnetic spectrumspectrum
- 3. Earth’s Energy ContinuedEarth’s Energy Continued Radiation is the transfer of energy by means ofRadiation is the transfer of energy by means of waveswaves Electromagnetic spectrum is the set of waves thatElectromagnetic spectrum is the set of waves that can travel through an empty space at the speed ofcan travel through an empty space at the speed of lightlight Conduction is the transfer of energy through theConduction is the transfer of energy through the collision of particlescollision of particles Heat sink is when an object absorbs energy andHeat sink is when an object absorbs energy and gets warmergets warmer
- 4. ContinuedContinued Convection and Advection are the transfer ofConvection and Advection are the transfer of energy by the movement of particle in a fluid.energy by the movement of particle in a fluid. Convection is vertical and Advection isConvection is vertical and Advection is horizontally.horizontally. Reflection and Absorption is the sun’s energyReflection and Absorption is the sun’s energy being absorbed or reflected by the earthbeing absorbed or reflected by the earth Heat Capacity is the measure of heat needed toHeat Capacity is the measure of heat needed to increase or decrease the temperature of aincrease or decrease the temperature of a substance.substance.
- 5. Prevailing WindsPrevailing Winds One of the major ways that energy get distributedOne of the major ways that energy get distributed is by wind.is by wind. If it wasn’t, the equator would be unbearably hotIf it wasn’t, the equator would be unbearably hot and the poles would be unbearably cold.and the poles would be unbearably cold. So all the jet streams move energy eastSo all the jet streams move energy east The polar eastlies, northeast trade winds,The polar eastlies, northeast trade winds, southeast trade winds also move energy east tosoutheast trade winds also move energy east to westwest The mid latitude westerlies move energy west toThe mid latitude westerlies move energy west to easteast
- 6. Coriolis EffectCoriolis Effect Is the apparent change of direction of aIs the apparent change of direction of a moving object in a rotating systemmoving object in a rotating system From the equator to the poles, the objectFrom the equator to the poles, the object appears to move faster so it moves aheadappears to move faster so it moves ahead Form the poles to the Equator, the objectForm the poles to the Equator, the object appears to move slower so it falls behindappears to move slower so it falls behind
- 7. Ocean CurrentsOcean Currents Do the same job that the prevailing windsDo the same job that the prevailing winds dodo Carries energy form equator to the polesCarries energy form equator to the poles Sun heats water, warm water rises, warmSun heats water, warm water rises, warm water travels north, water cools and sinks,water travels north, water cools and sinks, water is “sucked” in to fill space of risingwater is “sucked” in to fill space of rising waterwater
- 8. Direction of CurrentsDirection of Currents The direction of the currents are influencedThe direction of the currents are influenced by the coriolis effect, land masses, tides,by the coriolis effect, land masses, tides, etc.etc. Warm currents:Warm currents: Create warm moist air masses above themCreate warm moist air masses above them This air mass affects the climate of nearbyThis air mass affects the climate of nearby land massesland masses Ex. Gulf Stream Current and EuropeEx. Gulf Stream Current and Europe
- 9. ContinuedContinued Cold Currents:Cold Currents: Cool dry air massesCool dry air masses Make nearby land cooler and dryMake nearby land cooler and dry Ex. Atacama Desert in Chile (affected by theEx. Atacama Desert in Chile (affected by the Peru current)Peru current)
- 10. HydrosphereHydrosphere Is all the water, in all forms, on the earthIs all the water, in all forms, on the earth (salt, fresh, ice, snow, sleet, clouds, water(salt, fresh, ice, snow, sleet, clouds, water vapour, ground, etc.)vapour, ground, etc.) We only use fresh water for consumtion andWe only use fresh water for consumtion and agricultureagriculture Of all the water, 97% is salt and 2.5% isOf all the water, 97% is salt and 2.5% is freshfresh
- 11. Water of the EarthWater of the Earth 97% is salt water97% is salt water Only 2.5% is fresh waterOnly 2.5% is fresh water Out of all the fresh water, 12.3% isOut of all the fresh water, 12.3% is underground, 87.3% is ice, and 0.4% isunderground, 87.3% is ice, and 0.4% is surface and ground water.surface and ground water. Out of the 0.4%, 90% is in lakes, 1% is inOut of the 0.4%, 90% is in lakes, 1% is in rivers, and 9% is in the atmosphere.rivers, and 9% is in the atmosphere. The 0.4% can be used easily, not evenlyThe 0.4% can be used easily, not evenly distributed, and lots is polluteddistributed, and lots is polluted