Web 3.0 explained with a stamp (pt II: techniques)
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The document explains Web 3.0, emphasizing the significance of data meaning for intelligent search and reasoning. It discusses various technologies like RDF, OWL, and SPARQL that contribute to creating a semantic web and the need for data exchange through URIs and APIs. Concepts are illustrated using examples, such as a stamp collection, to demonstrate how online grammar and rules enhance understanding of data.
Web 3.0 explained with a stamp (pt II: techniques)
- 1. Web 3.0 explained with a stamp (English version) Part I: the basics Part II: techniques II
- 2. A presentation from: Freek Bijl (Dutch) blog: Bijlbrand.nl
- 3. Web 3.0 - the semantic web - is about the meaning of data.
- 4. This is a stamp This stamp is from the United Kingdom This stamp is designed by John Bryan Dunmore In 1980 you could buy this stamp for 1 cent Now it’s worth 3 euros This stamp is used between 1978 - 1981 The picture on the stamp is a PO Box
- 5. Why do we want to add meaning to data ?
- 6. When a computer understands what data means, it can do intelligent search, reasoning and combining .
- 7. This makes our live more easy.
- 8. The next technologies are used to make a more semantic web…
- 9. RDF XML URI SPARQL XDI XRI SWRL XFN OWL API OAUTH
- 10. ! Complicated
- 11. An explanation with a stamp collection.
- 12. Meaning is about understanding . To understand we need a language . A language starts with words.
- 13. Things mean something in words. Online, we describe things with XML.
- 14. This is my stamp collection The first stamp is called “Red dragon” and is from China. It was made in the year: 1984. The second stamp is called “PO Box” and is from England. It was made in the year: 1992. < .. etc >
- 15. =
- 16. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <collection name=”My stamp collection"> <stamp> <title>Red dragon</title> <country>China</country> <year>1984</year> </stamp> <stamp> <title>PO Box</title> <country>England</country> <year>1992</year> </stamp> </collection>
- 17. We can’t understand words alone. We also need grammar . Online grammar is RDF (Resource Description Framework).
- 18. This stamp is from England.
- 19. This stamp is from England. subject predicate object
- 20. With RDF Scheme we can define concepts and make simple relations between them.
- 21. This stamp is from England, hence from Europe.
- 22. But, RDF scheme is limited. A language needs more expression and logic to make good reasoning possible. That’s why OWL (The Web Ontology Language ) was invented.
- 23. Finally, to reason you need rules.
- 24. I got this stamp from my uncle.
- 25. The rule for calling someone my uncle is that one of my parents has a brother. mother or father I son of brother
- 26. Rules are formulated in SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language).
- 27. <ruleml:imp> <ruleml:_rlab ruleml:href="#example1"/> <ruleml:_body> <swrlx:individualPropertyAtom swrlx:property="hasParent"> <ruleml:var>x1</ruleml:var> <ruleml:var>x2</ruleml:var> </swrlx:individualPropertyAtom> <swrlx:individualPropertyAtom swrlx:property="hasBrother"> <ruleml:var>x2</ruleml:var> <ruleml:var>x3</ruleml:var> </swrlx:individualPropertyAtom> </ruleml:_body> <ruleml:_head> <swrlx:individualPropertyAtom swrlx:property="hasUncle"> <ruleml:var>x1</ruleml:var> <ruleml:var>x3</ruleml:var> </swrlx:individualPropertyAtom> </ruleml:_head> </ruleml:imp>
- 28. So,
- 29. Words in XML Grammar in RDF (scheme) and OWL Rules in SWRL
- 30. There are a lot of things, that can be described using standard formats.
- 31. For example: contact information.
- 32. These things are described with microformats. hCard > contacts hCalendar > events hReview > reviews hResume > resumes XFN > social networks (relation= a friend or colleague)
- 33. Suppose, I want to search for a specific stamp.
- 34. “ I want all the red stamps, designed in Europe, but used in the U.S.A., between 1980 and 1990”
- 35. We can use SPARQL (Protocol and RDF Query Language).
- 36. Because the web is decentralized and data is in many places, not only language is important. Exchange of data between different machines is key.
- 37. A database with stamps A database with countries A database with colors A database with stamp traders
- 38. To make a connection a machine needs a source. For this, we use resource identifiers . Best known resource identifier is the URI (which consists of a name (urn) and a location (url)).
- 40. Because URI’s have international limitations and the need for data-exchange between machines is rapidly growing there is a successor: XRI (Extensible Resource Identifier)
- 41. There is a standard for sharing, linking and synchronizing data. This standard is called XDI (XRI Data Interchange).
- 42. With all this I am capable of using the power of all different data resources on the web.
- 43. But…
- 44. Data is protected. We need consent and a key to gain acces.
- 45. The key to certain data is described in an API (an application programming interface).
- 46. An open standard for accessing (authentication) the API is OAuth.
- 47. So,
- 48. RDF XML URI SPARQL XDI XRI SWRL XFN OWL API OAUTH
- 49. … are now words with a meaning for you !
- 50. .end My (Dutch) blog: http://www.bijlbrand.nl
- 51. Most important references: http://en.wikipedia.org/ Presentation JeenBroekstra (Wageningen UR)