Week 2 surveying basics online
- 1. Introduction to Garden Planning and Design SURVEYING THE DESIGN AREA PART 1- SURVEY BASICS
- 2. Learning objectives By the end of this Part you should be able to: 1. Identify the equipment required for a basic linear survey 2. Describe how to plan and organise a survey of an area 3. Explain how to orient the survey to North.
- 3. Equipment needed for basic surveying ‘Chain’ – a 100ft (30m aprox.) long tape on a reel. May need more than one. A metal builders tape measure or folding rule Wooden pegs – to mark the start and end of ‘chains’ Metal pegs to anchor the end of measuring tapes. A set square A compass A string line (with as little stretch as possible) A clip board, paper and pen A spirit level (if surveying slopes)
- 4. Surveying Basics All measurements are taken from known fixed points – this could be from points on a building, or from points along a tape (a chain line) that is fixed in place and does not move throughout the process. Tapes are kept taut and straight. Data is recorded clearly. Large areas are broken down into manageable sections; usually triangular. Plan how you will survey the area before starting.
- 5. Surveying Process – part 1 Sketch the area to be surveyed, including all significant features (but not any features that will definitely be removed).
- 6. Divide the area to be surveyed into manageable triangular sub-areas, using ‘chains’ (30m tapes that are not moved during the survey). Record the position of these on your sketch plan (so you can remember how they relate to each other). Note the deviation from North of each chain line. Now you are ready to start measuring. Survey Process – part 2
- 7. How to orient your survey to North Using a magnetic compass –the app on your phone will do – stand at the start point on your chain (‘A’ on the A-B chain, etc) or facing out from the building. Point the ‘direction of travel’ arrow down the chain or straight out in front of you. Read the bearing on the bezel of the compass – see the diagram. Note the number of degrees off North.
- 8. End of Part 1 Now attempt the review questions and then move on to Part 2 – Surveying Techniques.