Week 2. tourism through the ages 08.09 ver2
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The document provides an overview of the history of tourism from ancient times to the present day. It discusses how tourism evolved from early travels by elites to mass travel for millions today. Key points covered include the development of tourism in ancient civilizations like Egypt, Greece and Rome; the growth of the Grand Tour in Europe in the 1500s-1800s; the rise of modern tourism in the 1800s with the development of transportation infrastructure and travel agencies; and Vietnam's tourism industry and administration over time.
Week 2. tourism through the ages 08.09 ver2
- 1. Learning Objectives Tourism through the Recognize the antiquity of human Ages travel Understand how these journeys have evolved from trips to mass travel for millions today Khong Yen Giang, MBA Learn about some of the great travelers in history Familiarize with Vietnam tourism. Early beginnings: Early beginning events The riches historical evidence area: 4000 BCE: The Sumerians invented Mediterranean money, cuneiform writing, wheels and tour guide founder of modern tourism 5000 years ago, cruises of discovery from Egypt: for peace and tourism (1480 BCE) 2700 years BCE: pharaohs started building burial tombs: Pyramids, Sphinx, attracting tourists (1600-1200 BCE) Tourists left evidences of visit: painted or scratched their names in the soft stones Ancient graffiti 1
- 2. Early roads: The Roman ancient roads “Animals need a track, vehicles need a road” 150 years B.C.E: The Roman started building roads Network of 50,000 miles Who traveled: Military, Gov officials, caravans and more Roman tourists Roman tourists: used guide books, employ guides, bought souvenirs and left graffiti Silk Road Silk Road Created during the Roman times Stretching more than 12000 km from Mediterranean Sea to Pacific Ocean Main trade artery linking civilization of China, India, Persia, Mesopotamia, Egypt, Greece and Rome Cities and town grew prosperously. 2
- 3. PRE-MODERN TOURISM Characteristics of pre-modern tourism Mainly undertaken by elites & Mesopotamia wealthier middle class Egypt and Indus Valley Risky and uncomfortable Ancient Greece Ancient Rome Occurred along well-defined transit The Dark Ages route The Middle Ages. Lengthy time period Development of incipient tourism industry Relative little impact Spiritual & educational motivation Classical travel world Early Modern tourism Renaissance 776 B.C: Olympic Games held every 4 Exploration of Columbus (1492- years – honor Zeus god 1502), Magellan (1519) Greek inns provided a little more than Prosperous of merchant and a night shelter professional classes Ancient Tourist Consultant center Establishment of new resorts called: proxenos (pro=for; Improving transportation xenos=foreigner) Main purposes of travels: leisure, business, healing, entertainment 3
- 4. The Grand tour Early tourist attractions (Mid 1500s – early 1800s) Seven Wonders of the Ancient World Travel of aristocrat young men of UK to continental Europe for educational purpose Great Pyramids of Egypt (incl. Sphinx) Hanging Gardens of Babylon Destinations: Paris, major cities of Italy Tomb of Mausolus at Halicarnassus Participation of middle class (7-9%) of Statue of Zeus at Olympia UK population Collosus of Rhodes in the Harbor at Profound impacts on UK cultural & Rhodes social trend Great Lighthouse (Pharos) Effect on destination tourism service in Alexandria, Egypt ranges: guide book, tour guide, Temple Artemis at Ephesus accommodation, souvenir Hanging Gardens of Babylon in Great Pyramids of Egypt iraq now 4
- 5. Tomb of Mausolus at Statue of Zeus at Olympia in Halicarnassus, In turkey now Greece now Collosus of Rhodes in the Great Lighthouse (Pharos) in Harbor at Rhodes, in Greece Alexandria, in Egypt 5
- 6. Temple Artemis at Ephesus, in Spa & Seaside resorts Turkey now Therapeutic purpose Karlsbad, Vichy, Baden-Baden Availability of accessible & suitable water resource Construction of railway in mid 1800s. First travel agent Early modern tourism Thomas Cook: The father of mass (1840s – 1950) tourism 5th Jul. 1841: 1st package tour 1845: Regular return train trip 1851: Great exhibition in London 1822: Robert Smart of Bristol, England-1st - All inclusive steamship agent - Organized itinerary - Uniform product 1841: Thomas Cook ran a special excursion - Cheap price train tour for 570 passengers from Leicester 1861: First traveler check to Loughborough-England 1863: First int’l excursion to Swiss Alps 1869: Suez Canal stimulated travel 1850: Thomas Benett set up a business “trip 1872: First around-the-world tour organizer” –provided individual tourists with itineraries, carriages and travel kits Thomas Cook “Father of Mass Tourism” 6
- 7. Early modern tourism Contemporary Tourism VIETNAM tourism profile (1840s – 1950) Adaptation of Industrial revolution to tourism Before 1960 - Organized - Standardized 1960 – 1975 - Large scale 1975 – 1990 Accessibility of unprecedented number of people, increase demand 1990 – Present. Availability of unprecedented number of destination International tourism growth slowly between 1840 – 1950 - Global depression (1890s) - World War 1 (1914 – 1918) - Great depression 1930s - World War 2 (1939 – 1945). Contemporary Tourism Contemporary Tourism VIETNAM tourism profile VIETNAM Tourism PROFILE Vietnam National Administration of Before 1960: established 1st Vietnam Tourism (VNAT) established in 1992 Tourism Company, Foreign trade ministry o 9 functional departments 1978: established VNAT, Government o Institute for Tourism Research and council Development 1990: established VN Tourism Corporation, o Tourism Information Technology Commercial Ministry Center 1995: VNAT, Ministry of culture, o 7 Vocational Tourism Schools. information, sport and tourism 2002: Establish Vietnam tourism association Decree Decree Decree 2007: VNAT become a member of Ministry 05/CP 09/CP of Culture, Sport and Tourism 26/CP 26/10/1992 8/8/2007 9/7/1960 7
- 8. Contemporary Tourism Contemporary Tourism Vietnam tourism profile International tourism 18 provincial Tourism Arrivals: Increase 25 times since ’50s Departments Revenue: Increase by 225 times since 45 provincial Trade- Tourism ’50s Departments Positive growth in every year since 1960 01 provincial External Affairs... Reduced growth during recession in 536 international tour operators early 1980s, 1991, 2001 and 2003 and travel agencies, 10 domestic tourists for every 1200 domestic travel agencies; international tourist. more than 8,500 hotels; 6,000 transportation means. End of Presentation Assignment Describe newly selected modern world ‘s cultural wonders. How significant are they to the world? Thank you for joining us! 8