The document discusses glaucoma, a condition that damages the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss or blindness due to increased intraocular pressure. It identifies two main types of glaucoma: open-angle glaucoma, where fluid drainage issues cause pressure buildup, and angle-closure glaucoma, which occurs when the space between the iris and cornea narrows, hindering fluid drainage. Jon Schorsch, the author, has a background in law enforcement and public administration and is involved with organizations supporting individuals with vision loss.