The document discusses common reasons why products fail, including: 1) Timing issues like launching at the wrong time, as with the Ford Edsel launched post-recession when consumers wanted smaller, cheaper cars. 2) Targeting the wrong market, such as McDonald's trying to appeal to more sophisticated urban customers instead of its base. 3) Fixing things that weren't broken, like New Coke which changed Coke's successful formula without understanding customer passion for the original. The document also discusses challenges with unclear product development responsibility and the importance of customer focus over just product focus in development.
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