This document presents summaries of four different writers' views on the purpose of higher education:
1. Arthur Camins argues that higher education should prepare students for life, work and citizenship by developing critical thinking, creativity, interpersonal skills and social responsibility. These skills are important for both personal and professional success.
2. Paulo Friere viewed the purpose as societal transformation through helping students apply knowledge to recreate society and liberate themselves.
3. Bell hooks saw the heart of education as promoting spiritual and mental growth, which enabled her to become an intellectual despite her working-class upbringing.
4. Mike Rustin notes that while some argue for pure learning, surveys show students primarily want higher