WordCamp Philly WordPress End-User Security

IT STARTS WITH YOU! Dre Armeda - @dremeda WORDPRESS END USER SECURITY

CISSP, web addict, WordPress fanatic, Design-Dev-InfoSec geek, Chargers fan & Taco lover. Straight off the streets of CPT! & I love tacos! DRE ARMEDA, CISSP Dre Armeda - @dremeda Founder – CubicTwo Co-Founder – Sucuri Security Read my random nonsense at dre.im

Protecting things of value from harm’s way. Different people, different meanings. WHAT IS SECURITY? Dre Armeda - @dremeda

The percentage of risk can never be 0! Key objective: Minimize risk Is any site? IS MY SITE SECURE? Dre Armeda - @dremeda

Before you show the world your awesomeness, think long term. An integrated approach to security, beginning to end, will help protect your investment, and your visitor safety. Information security is everyone’s responsibility Always think ahead IT STARTS WITH YOU! Dre Armeda - @dremeda

Keep your computer up to date Ensure you’re patching or installing updates ASAP Automatic updates rock! Install an anti-virus solution Ensure you’re keeping definitions current Automatic updates aren’t a bad idea here either! Yes, personal firewalls still apply! My machine is my castle! ARE YOU SECURE LOCALLY? Dre Armeda - @dremeda Think of your local environment as if it was a medieval castle and you’re the queen or king. You & your queen/kingdom must be protected.

Your Internet Connection Use SSL whenever possible, especially on an unverified connection. HTTPS - great way to ensure transactions & traffic are traveling with security in mind. Connecting To Your Site(s) Consider using sFTP/SSH vs. FTP Still widely marketed, but did you know your credentials are passed unencrypted when using FTP If FTP is unavoidable, deny anonymous login, limit connections, practice least privilege Don’t store your credentials in your FTP client. Who’s watching? CONNECTING SECURELY? Dre Armeda - @dremeda It’s your information, but who’s watching & listening? You may be a network geek at home, but what happens at Starbucks?

Safe Browsing Use NoScript extension for Firefox It’s OK to be skeptical. Not sure, ask questions! Disable pop-ups This place sells fake anti-virus WHERE YOU VISIT Dre Armeda - @dremeda Just because your website is super ninja like doesn’t mean others are too. Most desktop viruses and malware these days are passed via infected websites.

Password Management Change passwords often Don’t share your passwords Avoid writing passwords down Use a password manager KeePass Password Safe LastPass 1Password It’s password HERE’S MY PASSWORD Dre Armeda - @dremeda Passwords are like toothbrushes, you should keep them to yourself. And discard them, and get a new one, if they have been used by others. ZoneAlarm by Check Point

It’s password WHAT’S A PASSPHRASE Dre Armeda - @dremeda F0urScore&7YearsAgo Good passwords are great, great passphrase’s are awesome Longer than traditional passwords Hard to exploit Easy to remember with all the added security goodness

Choose wisely! WHERE DO YOU LIVE ? Dre Armeda - @dremeda At the end of the day, hosting providers market the world. You in turn, should have opportunity to know how they’re going to protect you. Your Lovely Host Cheap doesn’t always mean best, or safest! How many sites on their network are blacklisted or infected w/ malware? What versions of software do they run and how often do they update? How are account credentials stored & who has access. Do they have published security practices? Use Google Tools to check your host: http://www.google.com/safebrowsing/diagnostic?site= hostingcompanywebsite.com

Things to think about WORDPRESS SECURITY TIPS Dre Armeda - @dremeda

UPDATE UPDATE UPDATE Dre Armeda - @dremeda

Then update again UPDATE UPDATE UPDATE! Dre Armeda - @dremeda Keep WordPress Updated! Minor WordPress versions ( ie 3.2.x ) do NOT add new features. They contain bug fixes and security patches Quick Tips for Successful Updates Don’t edit WordPress core Research your plugins & themes before deployment Use child themes Don’t test hot Read Reviews

Why should I? YES, PLUGINS TOO! Dre Armeda - @dremeda The plugin Changelog tab makes it very easy to view what has changed in a new plugin version Update Those Plugins! Also viewable in the plugin installer in your wp-admin area

Won’t solve world hunger, but why not? CHANGE DB TABLE PREFIX Dre Armeda - @dremeda /** * WordPress Database Table prefix. * * You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each a unique * prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please! */ $table_prefix = ‘tacos_'; 1. WordPress installer allows you to specify new prefix during install All database tables will now have a unique prefix (ie tacos_posts) 2. Or, BEFORE installing, you can change the prefix manually in wp-config.php:

Ah come on KEEPING SECRETS Dre Armeda - @dremeda Some secrets should remain secrets

Yes it’s a bit obscure USE SECRET KEYS Dre Armeda - @dremeda Some secrets should remain secrets define('AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here'); define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here'); define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here'); define('NONCE_KEY', 'put your unique phrase here'); define('AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here'); define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here'); define('LOGGED_IN_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here'); define('NONCE_SALT', 'put your unique phrase here'); 1. Edit wp-config.php A secret key is a hashing salt which makes your site harder to hack by adding random elements to the password. 2. Visit this URL to get your secret keys: https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt BEFORE define('AUTH_KEY', '*8`:Balq!`,-j.JTl~sP%&>@ON,t(}S6)IG|nG1JIfY(,y=][-3$!N6be]-af|BD'); define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY', 'q+i-|3S~d?];6$[$!ZOXbw6c]0 !k/,UxOod>fqV!sWCkvBihF2#hI=CDt_}WaH1'); define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', 'D/QoRf{=&OC=CrT/^Zq}M9MPT&49^O}G+m2L{ItpX_jh(-I&-?pkeC_SaF0nw;m+'); define('NONCE_KEY', 'oJo8C&sc+ C7Yc,W1v o5}.FR,Zk!J<]vaCa%2D9nj8otj5z8UnJ_q.Q!hgpQ*-H'); define('AUTH_SALT', 'r>O/;U|xg~I5v.u(Nq+JMfYHk.*[p8!baAsb1DKa8.0}q/@V5snU1hV2eR!|whmt'); define('SECURE_AUTH_SALT', '3s1|cIj d7y<?]Z1n# i1^FQ *L(Kax)Y%r(mp[DUX.1a3!jv(;P_H6Q7|y.!7|-'); define('LOGGED_IN_SALT', '`@>+QdZhD!|AKk09*mr~-F]/F39Sxjl31FX8uw+wxUYI;U{NWx|y|+bKJ*4`uF`*'); define('NONCE_SALT', 'O+#iqcPw#]O4TcC%Kz_DAf:mK!Zy@Zt*Kmm^C25U|T!|?ldOf/l1TZ6Tw$9y[M/6'); AFTER

Doh! REALLY SECURE Dre Armeda - @dremeda Yes, it happens. #FAIL

Teh SSL’s COMMENCE LOCKDOWN Dre Armeda - @dremeda define('FORCE_SSL_LOGIN', true); Add the code below to wp-config.php to force SSL (https) on login Add the code below to wp-config.php to force SSL (https) on all admin pages define('FORCE_SSL_ADMIN', true); Using SSL (https) on all admin screens in WordPress will encrypt all data transmitted with the same encryption as online shopping https://codex.wordpress.org/Administration_Over_SSL

Them, that, there IP’s LIMIT ACCESS Dre Armeda - @dremeda AuthUserFile /dev/null AuthGroupFile /dev/null AuthName "Access Control" AuthType Basic order deny,allow deny from all #IP address to Whitelist allow from 67.123.83.59 allow from 123.123.123.123 1. Create an .htaccess file in your wp-admin directory Only a user with the IP 67.123.83.59 or 123.123.123.123 can access wp-admin 2. Add the following lines of code:

Shirley you can’t be serious? USE TRUSTED SOURCES Dre Armeda - @dremeda Is this happening on your site? Themes can include base64() encoded text links to promote various services http://wpmu.org/why-you-should-never-search-for-free-wordpress-themes-in-google-or-anywhere-else/

So many choices USE TRUSTED SOURCES Dre Armeda - @dremeda Trusted Sources for Free WordPress Themes WordPress.org Theme Directory http://wordpress.org/extend/themes/ WooThemes http://www.woothemes.com/themes/free/ Themelab http://www.themelab.com/free-wordpress-themes Theme Hybrid http://themehybrid.com/ ThemeShaper(Thematic) http://themeshaper.com Graph Paper Press http://graphpaperpress.com/themes/ More themes : http://wpmu.org/when-is-a-free-wordpress-theme-really-free-some-thoughts-and-some-places-to-find-them/

With a keyboard dummy HOW DO YOU LOGIN? Dre Armeda - @dremeda

I got nothing! Dre Armeda - @dremeda DON’T BE HOOD YO!

Livin’ on a prayer Dre Armeda - @dremeda Knowing your username is half the battle. Don't make it easy on the hackers. HALFWAY THERE…

Good bye old man Dre Armeda - @dremeda UPDATE wp_users SET user_login='hulkster' WHERE user_login='admin'; Change the admin username in MySQL: Or create a new account with administrator privileges. Create a new account. Make the username very unique Assign account to Administrator role Log out and log back in with new account Delete admin account WordPress will allow you to reassign all content written by admin to an account of your choice. NO MORE ADMIN USER

Wouldn’t you know it OH BABY! Dre Armeda - @dremeda WordPress 3.2.1 lets you set the administrator username during the installation process! DON'T USE ADMIN!

Say no to 777 PERMISSIONS Dre Armeda - @dremeda What folder permissions should you use? Good Rule of Thumb: Files should be set to 644 Folders should be set to 755 Start with the default settings above If your host requires 777…SWITCH HOSTS! Better Rule of Thumb: Set permissions to the lowest that still work.

Choose wisely! CHANGING PERMISSIONS Dre Armeda - @dremeda find [your path here] -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; find [your path here] -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \; Or via SSH with the following commands

Hot digity SECURITY PLUGINS Dre Armeda - @dremeda Sucuri WordPress Security - https://wordpress.sucuri.net/sucuri-wp-plugin.zip WordPress Exploit Scanner - http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/exploit-scanner/ WordPress File Monitor - http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/wordpress-file-monitor/ Login Lockdown - http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/login-lockdown/ ASkApache - http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/askapache-password-protect/ BulletProof Security - http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/bulletproof-security/ Secure WordPress - http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/secure-wordpress/

Start now if you haven’t already BACKUP PLUGINS Dre Armeda - @dremeda Backup Buddy – http://pluginbuddy.com/purchase/backupbuddy/ VaultPress - http://vaultpress.com/ Sucuri WordPress Security - http//wordpress.sucuri.net/sucuri-wp-plugin.zip WP Time Machine – http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/wp-time-machine/ WP-DB Backup – http://wordpress.org/extend/plugins/wp-db-backup/

Are you serving malware? WEBSITE SCANNING TOOLS Dre Armeda - @dremeda Malware Scanning Tools Sucuri.net – http://sucuri.net/ Unmask Parasites - http://unmaskparasites.com/ Malware Removal Sucuri.net- http//sucuri.net VaultPress – http://vaultpress.com/

Good reading RESOURCES Dre Armeda - @dremeda Security Related Codex Articles http://codex.wordpress.org/Hardening_WordPress http://codex.wordpress.org/Changing_File_Permissions http://codex.wordpress.org/Editing_wp-config.php http://codex.wordpress.org/htaccess_for_subdirectories Blog Security Articles http://blog.sucuri.net/2010/11/yet-another-wordpress-security-post-part-one.html http://www.wpbeginner.com/wp-tutorials/11-vital-tips-and-hacks-to-protect-your-wordpress-admin-area/ http://www.growmap.com/wordpress-exploits/ http://wpcandy.com/teaches/security-tips http://semlabs.co.uk/journal/how-to-stop-your-wordpress-blog-getting-hacked/ http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/18-useful-plugins-and-hacks-to-protect-your-wordpress-blog/

See you soon THANKS FOR COMING Dre Armeda - @dremeda Dre Armeda , CISSP @dremeda Cubictwo.com Sucuri.net Dre.im

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