Writing case report
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This document provides guidance on publishing case reports. It outlines the key steps, which include preparing by identifying the appropriate journal and reviewing their author instructions, writing the various components of the case report such as the introduction, case history, literature review and discussion section. The document also discusses publishing considerations like word count and citations as well as potential barriers to publishing like time and intimidation by the process. The overall goal is to contribute valuable new medical information and insights through carefully documenting unique patient cases.
Writing case report
- 1. H. Al-Sobayel 1 CLINICIANS AS RESEARCHERS: PUBLISHING CASE REPORTS Hana Al-Sobayel, PT, MSc., PhD. 4/26/11 Physical Therapy Consultant King Saud University
- 2. Outline 2 Overview ¨ Preparation ¨ Writing ¨ Publishing ¨ Barriers ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 4. 4 Overview Case Report Publication H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 6. 6 A case report, published in the American Journal of Dermatopathology in 1981, was one of the first published accounts of what is now called AIDS H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 7. Value of Case Reports 7 ¨ ¨ Valuable contribution to the advancement of medical science. Case reports are “scientific observations . . . that are carefully documented so that they may be a valuable education and research resource.” (McCarthy et al. 2000) H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 8. Hierarchy of Evidence 8 Systemic Review/Metaanalysis RCT Non randomized controlled trials/Cohort Studies / CaseControl Studies/Audit of case series/Case H. Al-Sobayel reports 4/26/11
- 9. 9 Preparation Case Report Publication H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 10. What Kind of Cases Should be Reported? 10 Unique & unusual presentation ¨ Illustrate a new principle or theory ¨ Questions regarding current theory or practice ¨ Adverse response to treatment ¨ Unusual combination of conditions or events that cause confusion ¨ Personal impact ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 11. Before Writing 11 Identify the journal ¨ Review “instructions for Authors” ¨ Read several case reports ¨ Ask patient to sign consent ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 13. 13 writing Case Report Publication H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 14. Components of Case Report 14 abstract/introduction ¨ Case history/description ¨ literature review ¨ Discussion ¨ conclusions/recommendations. ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 15. Abstract 15 Quickly scan the content of the paper ¨ Less than 100 words ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 17. Introduction 17 ¨ ¨ ¨ Brief overview of a larger problem Citations from literature “ Osteochondroma, or osteocartilaginous exostosis, is the most common skeletal neoplasm. Osteochondromas are benign and may be solitary or multiple…” “There is potential for malignant degeneration, estimated at approximately 1%. Solitary osteochondroma may occur spontaneously or after irradiation or accidental injury. When multiple, there is a strong familial incidence and is known as hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) …” Closing sentence about “We report the first case of solitary osteochondroma arising from the anterior body the case of C4…” H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 18. Case History/Report 18 ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Drawn from chart notes Description of the patient “A 24-year-old male was referred by an internist for chiropractic evaluation and radiographic examination at a local imaging center for a chief complaint of cervicalgia and pain in the left trapezius of 1-month duration.” Details of physical examination and results “Upper extremity deep tendon reflexes were 2+ and symmetric bilaterally. An orthopedic examination revealed provocation of pain with cervical distraction maneuver. Testing for neural compression and vascular signs was negative.” Essential information to highlight the striking feature of the case “The lesion was considered an incidental finding, and for the patient's presenting complaint, the diagnosis of cervical disk displacement (Fig 2) (confirmed with MRI), cervicalgia, myospasm, and accompanying vertebral segmental dysfunction was given.” H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 19. Case History/Report 19 Treatment, outcome, and follow-up ¨ Tables, flow-charts, radiographs, etc. ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 20. Literature Review 20 Clinical question ¨ MeSH headings used for searching ¨ Brief and concise ¨ Designed to assure the uniqueness of the case ¨ Provide a backdrop for and the position of the new information in the biomedical literature. ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 22. Discussion 22 Most important section ¨ State the significance of the information ¨ Discuss the current literature in light of the case ¨ A hypothesis about the new information might be generated ¨ Data collection process ¨ Discussion of the outcomes ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 23. Summary/Conclusions/Recommendations 23 Brief summary – the Take Home Message ¨ Lessons learned from the case ¨ Questions and recommendations for research ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 24. 24 Publishing Case Report Publication H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 25. Journal 25 ¨ ¨ ¨ Check instructions for Authors 1000 – 1500 words 10 – 20 citations H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 28. Barriers 28 Time ¨ Intimidation by publication process ¨ Editorial review ¨ Journals ¨ H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11
- 29. References 29 • Aitken LM, Marshall AP. Writing a case study: ensuring a meaningful contribution to the literature. Aust Crit Care. 2007 Nov;20(4):132-6. Epub 2007 Oct 23. PubMed PMID: 17936637. • Cohen H. How to write a patient case report. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2006 Oct 1;63(19):1888-92. PubMed PMID: 16990637. • Green BN, Johnson CD. How to write a case report for publication. J Chiropr Med. 2006 Summer;5(2):72-82. PubMed PMID: 19674676; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2647062. • McCarthy LH, Reilly KE. How to write a case report. Fam Med. 2000 Mar;32 (3):190-5. PubMed PMID: 10726220. H. Al-Sobayel 4/26/11