WWII intro and leaders
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World War II spanned from 1939 to 1945, resulting in approximately 55 million deaths and involving 61 countries. Key leaders included Franklin D. Roosevelt, who died in 1945, Adolf Hitler, who committed suicide, and Joseph Stalin, who led the Soviet Union to victory. The war had immense economic and political impacts, with notable ideologies like fascism and communism at play.
WWII intro and leaders
- 2. Basic Facts... 55 million died worldwide (Both military & civilians) $1 trillion, more than all other wars combined 61 countries involved (1.7 billion people) War lasted from 1939-1945 U.S. Involvement from Dec. 1941 to Aug. 1945
- 3. Terms to Know... Dictator- A leader unrestricted by law Fuhrer- German word for ‘leader’ Emperor- Male ruler of an empire (Japan) Totalitarianism- When an individual’s needs are not as important as those of the country. Fascism- ‘forcibly’ suppressing opposition and criticism, regimenting all industry, and emphasizing aggressive nationalism and racism, militaristic gov’t. Communism- A classless, moneyless, stateless social order in which there is common property.
- 4. Franklin D. Roosevelt Country: United States Title: President Political Party: Democrat Outcome: Died before end of war, April 1945 of a stroke in Georgia F.D.R.
- 5. Benito Mussolini Country: Italy Title: Prime Minister (1922-43), First Marshal of the Empire (1938-43), Duce of the Italian Social Republic (1943-45) Political Party: Republican Fascist Party Outcome: Executed in 1945 while trying to escape to Switzerland with his mistress. His Body was later hung upside down. (‘Il Duce’)
- 6. Adolf Hitler Country: Germany Title: Chancellor (1933-45), Fuhrer (1934-45) Political Party: National Socialist German Workers Party (nazi) Outcome: Suicide in April 1945 with new wife Eva Braun.
- 7. Hirohito (Emperor Showa) Country: Japan Title: Emperor (1926-89) Government: Parliamentary, no political party Outcome: Surrendered Aug. 1945, but remained in power until death in 1989.
- 8. hideki tojo country: japan title: Military Dictator of japan; prime minister of japan (1941-1944) outcome: sentenced to death for war crimes; hung on dec. 23, 1948
- 9. Winston Churchill Country: Great Britain Title: Prime Minister (1940- 45, 1951-55) Government: parliamentary Outcome: Led Opposition Party after defeat in 1945, elected for second term as PM
- 10. charles de gaulle country: france title: general during WW II (1940-44); provisional president from 1944-46 government: republic outcome: became president after w.w. II
- 11. Josef Stalin Country: Russia (Soviet Union) Title/Party: General Chairman of the Communist Party (1922-1953) Government: Communism Outcome: Victory in WWII. Died in 1953 from stroke, possibly due to rat poison. (?)
- 12. Harry S. Truman Country: United States Title: Vice President (until FDR’s death on April 12, 1945, then became President until 1953) Government: Democracy Outcome: Dropped atomic bomb, negotiated peace with Japan. Did not run for third term. Died in 1972 from pneumonia.